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Jean Dard
Jean Dard (June 21, 1789 — October 1, 1833) was a French teacher in Saint-Louis, Senegal who, in 1817, opened the first French-language school in Africa. He also compiled the first French-Wolof dictionary and grammar (1846). Dard developed a new approach for teaching French as a foreign language, the "mutual method" or ''méthode de traduction'' (translation method), based on a learning approach pioneered by Aloïsius Édouard Camille Gaultier, by which children were taught to read and write in their native Wolof and then learned French by translating. According to Jean-Benoît Nadeau and Julie Barlow Julie Barlow (March 1968 in Hamilton, Ontario) is a Canadian journalist, author and conference speaker who writes and publishes both in English and French and is based in Montreal, Quebec. As an author, she has written four books on language and ..., Dard's method was "very modern and very effective, and Dard was said to have achieved remarkable results with it." In Senegal, Dar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint-Louis, Senegal
Saint Louis or Saint-Louis ( wo, Ndar), is the capital of Senegal's Saint-Louis Region. Located in the northwest of Senegal, near the mouth of the Senegal River, and 320 km north of Senegal's capital city Dakar, it has a population officially estimated at 258,592 in 2021. Saint-Louis was the capital of the French colony of Senegal from 1673 until 1902 and French West Africa from 1895 until 1902, when the capital was moved to Dakar. From 1920 to 1957, it also served as the capital of the neighboring colony of Mauritania. The town was an important economic center during French West Africa, but it is less important now. However it still has important industries, including tourism, a commercial center, a center of sugar production, and fishing. The Tourism industry is in part due to the city being listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000. However, the city is also Climate change vulnerability, vulnerable to climate change—where sea level rise is expected to threaten the ci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French-language
French ( or ) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family. It descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire, as did all Romance languages. French evolved from Gallo-Romance, the Latin spoken in Gaul, and more specifically in Northern Gaul. Its closest relatives are the other langues d'oïl—languages historically spoken in northern France and in southern Belgium, which French (Francien) largely supplanted. French was also influenced by native Celtic languages of Northern Roman Gaul like Gallia Belgica and by the ( Germanic) Frankish language of the post-Roman Frankish invaders. Today, owing to France's past overseas expansion, there are numerous French-based creole languages, most notably Haitian Creole. A French-speaking person or nation may be referred to as Francophone in both English and French. French is an official language in 29 countries across multiple continents, most of which are members of the ''Organisation internationale de la Francophonie'' (OI ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wolof Language
Wolof (; Wolofal: ) is a language of Senegal, Mauritania, and the Gambia, and the native language of the Wolof people. Like the neighbouring languages Serer and Fula, it belongs to the Senegambian branch of the Niger–Congo language family. Unlike most other languages of the Niger-Congo family, Wolof is not a tonal language. Wolof is the most widely spoken language in Senegal, spoken natively by the Wolof people (40% of the population) but also by most other Senegalese as a second language. Wolof dialects vary geographically and between rural and urban areas. The principal dialect of Dakar, for instance, is an urban mixture of Wolof, French, and Arabic. ''Wolof'' is the standard spelling and may also refer to the Wolof ethnicity or culture. Variants include the older French , , , Gambian Wolof, etc., which now typically refers either to the Jolof Empire or to jollof rice, a common West African rice dish. Now-archaic forms include ''Volof'' and ''Olof''. English is believed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aloïsius Édouard Camille Gaultier
Abbé Aloïsius Édouard Camille Gaultier (Asti, 1745 or 1746 - Paris, 19 September 1818) was a French Roman Catholic priest and educational reformer. In 1792 he left France during the worst of the Revolution, passing via Holland to England where he set up a school for the children of other refugees.Educational record: Volume 17 British and Foreign School Society - 1907 "Another was L'Abbe Gaultier, himself an educational reformer in a humble way, who had written school books and essays on teaching. L'Abbe Gaultier had long resided in England, and before returning to France had become a complete convert .." He was a pioneer in getting children to learn through amusing them and was made a member of the commission for the reorganization of public instruction. He wrote a large number of books, such as ''Géographie de l'abbé Gaultier'', that became popular as instructional books in Nineteenth Century France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country prim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Benoît Nadeau
Jean-Benoît Nadeau (born in 1964) is a Canadian author, journalist, and lecturer, and a Fellow of the Institute of Current World Affairs. He is the author of ''The Bonjour Effect'' and '' Sixty Million Frenchmen Can't Be Wrong'' which he co-wrote with his wife, Julie Barlow. Biography Born in Sherbrooke, Quebec, Jean-Benoît Nadeau received a bachelor's degree from McGill University in 1992 where he majored in Political Science and History. He began his journalism career in 1987, as a theatre critic for the Montreal cultural weekly ''Voir''. He is best known as a regular contributor to Canada's national French-language magazine ''L’actualité''. Since September 2014, he also writes a column for the French language Montreal daily ''Le Devoir''. In all, he has published more than 1000 feature stories and columns. In 1993, he began writing in English for English Canadian magazines like '' Saturday Night'', ''Profit'', and ''Report on Business Magazine.'' Over the years, his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julie Barlow
Julie Barlow (March 1968 in Hamilton, Ontario) is a Canadian journalist, author and conference speaker who writes and publishes both in English and French and is based in Montreal, Quebec. As an author, she has written four books on language and culture, among which are '' Sixty Million Frenchmen Can't Be Wrong'' and ''The Bonjour Effect''. Originally from Hamilton, Ontario, she has written features for a wide variety of magazines and newspapers including ''USA Today'', '' L’actualité'', ''The New York Times'' and ''The Christian Science Monitor''. Biography Julie Barlow received a bachelor's degree from McGill University where she majored in political science. She received a master's degree in English literature from Concordia University. After living in Paris, France from 1999 to 2001, she co-wrote ''Sixty Million Frenchmen Can't Be Wrong'' (St. Martin's Press, 2003) with her husband Jean-Benoît Nadeau, a book about France and French culture. The book was translated into ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Signare
Signares were the Mulatto French-African women of the island of Gorée and the city of Saint-Louis in French Senegal during the 18th and 19th centuries. These women of color managed to gain some individual assets, status, and power in the hierarchies of the Atlantic Slave Trade. There was a Portuguese equivalent, referred to as ''Nhara'', a name for Luso-African businesswomen who played an important part as business agents through their connections with both Portuguese and African populations. There was also an English language equivalent of women of mixed African and British- or American descent with the same position, such as Fenda Lawrence, Betsy Heard, Mary Faber and Elizabeth Frazer Skelton. Social and economic role Signares commonly had power in networks of trade and wealth within the limitations of slavery. The influence held by these women led to changes in gender roles in the family structure archetype. Some owned masses of land as well as slaves. European me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charlotte-Adélaïde Dard
Charlotte-Adélaïde Dard (14 September 1798 – 2 November 1862) was a French writer best known for ''La Chaumière africaine ou Histoire d'une famille française jetée sur la côte occidentale de l'Afrique à la suite du naufrage de la frégate La Méduse'', an autobiographical account of events following a shipwreck off the west coast of Africa. Biography The daughter of Charles Picard, an infantry captain, she was born Charlotte-Adélaïde Picard in Paris. She travelled with her family to Senegal on the frigate '' Méduse'' in 1816 one year after England returned control of the country to France. Due to errors by the ship's captain, ''Méduse'' was wrecked off the coast of Mauritania Mauritania (; ar, موريتانيا, ', french: Mauritanie; Berber: ''Agawej'' or ''Cengit''; Pulaar: ''Moritani''; Wolof: ''Gà nnaar''; Soninke:), officially the Islamic Republic of Mauritania ( ar, الجمهورية الإسلامية .... The family was able to escape the sinki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Frigate Méduse (1810)
''Méduse'' was a 40-gun frigate of the French Navy, launched in 1810. She took part in the Napoleonic Wars during the late stages of the Mauritius campaign of 1809–1811 and in raids in the Caribbean. In 1816, following the Bourbon Restoration, ''Méduse'' was armed en flûte to ferry French officials to the port of Saint-Louis, in Senegal, to formally re-establish French occupation of the colony under the terms of the First Peace of Paris. Through inept navigation by her captain, Hugues Duroy de Chaumareys, who had been given command after the Bourbon Restoration for political reasons and even though he had hardly sailed in 20 years, ''Méduse'' struck the Bank of Arguin off the coast of present-day Mauritania and became a total loss. Most of the 400 passengers on board evacuated, with 146 men and 1 woman forced to take refuge on an improvised raft towed by the frigate's launches. The towing proved impractical, however, and the boats soon abandoned the raft and its p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bligny-lès-Beaune
Bligny-lès-Beaune (, literally ''Bligny near Beaune'') is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in eastern France. Population Notable people *Jean Dard *Charlotte-Adélaïde Dard Charlotte-Adélaïde Dard (14 September 1798 – 2 November 1862) was a French writer best known for ''La Chaumière africaine ou Histoire d'une famille française jetée sur la côte occidentale de l'Afrique à la suite du naufrage de la fré ... See also * Communes of the Côte-d'Or department References External links Communes of Côte-d'Or Côte-d'Or communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia {{CôteOr-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Lexicographers
French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with France ** French cuisine, cooking traditions and practices Fortnite French places Arts and media * The French (band), a British rock band * "French" (episode), a live-action episode of ''The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!'' * ''Française'' (film), 2008 * French Stewart (born 1964), American actor Other uses * French (surname), a surname (including a list of people with the name) * French (tunic), a particular type of military jacket or tunic used in the Russian Empire and Soviet Union * French's, an American brand of mustard condiment * French catheter scale, a unit of measurement of diameter * French Defence, a chess opening * French kiss, a type of kiss involving the tongue See also * France (other) * Franch, a surname * French ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1789 Births
Events January–March * January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet ''What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution. * January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential election and House of Representatives elections are held. * January 9 – Treaty of Fort Harmar: The terms of the Treaty of Fort Stanwix (1784) and the Treaty of Fort McIntosh, between the United States Government and certain native American tribes, are reaffirmed, with some minor changes. * January 21 – The first American novel, ''The Power of Sympathy or the Triumph of Nature Founded in Truth'', is printed in Boston, Massachusetts. The anonymous author is William Hill Brown. * January 23 – Georgetown University is founded in Georgetown, Maryland (today part of Washington, D.C.), as the first Roman Catholic college in the United States. * January 29 – In Vietnam, Emperor Quang Trung crushes the Chinese Qing forces in Ngá» ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
