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Irenangelus Hispaniolae
''Ireangelus'' is a genus of kleptoparasitic spider wasps from the sub-family Ceropalinae of the family Pompilidae. The genus has a pan tropical distribution, being known from Oriental, Neotropical, Australian, eastern Palearctic, and Madagascan Zoogeographic regions being best represented in the Neotropics. ''Irenangelus'' is closely related to the more widespread genus ''Ceropales'', the two genera forming a monophyletic subfamily, Ceropalinae within the Pompilidae. This is regarded as the most basal grouping of the Pompilidae but this view is problematic because of the kleptoparasitic life history of the Ceropalines, it is now considered that they Ceropalines and other pompilids evolved from a common ectoparasitoid ancestor. Biology In the Philippines species of ''Irenangelus'' are known to be kleptoparasites of '' Auplopus nyemitawa'' and '' Tachypompilus analis'', and ''I. eberlmrdi'' is a kleptoparasite of '' Auplopus semialatus''. The kleptoparasitic behaviour of '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cleptoparasitism
Kleptoparasitism (etymologically, parasitism by theft) is a form of feeding in which one animal deliberately takes food from another. The strategy is evolutionarily stable when stealing is less costly than direct feeding, which can mean when food is scarce or when victims are abundant. Many kleptoparasites are arthropods, especially bees and wasps, but including some true flies, dung beetles, bugs, and spiders. Cuckoo bees are specialized kleptoparasites which lay their eggs either on the pollen masses made by other bees, or on the insect hosts of parasitoid wasps. They are an instance of Emery's rule, which states that insect social parasites tend to be closely related to their hosts. The behavior occurs, too, in vertebrates including birds such as skuas, which persistently chase other seabirds until they disgorge their food, and carnivorous mammals such as spotted hyenas and lions. Other species opportunistically indulge in kleptoparasitism. Strategy Kleptoparasitism is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heteropoda Forcipata
''Heteropoda'' is a genus of spiders in the family Sparassidae, the huntsman spiders. They are mainly distributed in tropical Asia and Australia, while at least one species, ''H. venatoria'', has a cosmopolitan distribution,Airamé, S. and P. Sierwald. (2000)Hunting and feeding behavior of one ''Heteropoda'' species in lowland rainforest on Borneo (Aranae, Sparassidae). ''Journal of Arachnology'' 28(2), 251-53. and ''H. variegata'' occurs in the Mediterranean. These spiders catch and eat insects, but in a laboratory study one species readily ate fish and tadpoles when offered, and ''H. venatoria'' has been known to eat scorpions and bats.Ross, J., et al. (1982)The life cycle of ''Heteropoda venatoria'' (Linnaeus) (Araneae: Heteropodidae). ''Psyche'' 89, 297-306. The largest species in the genus, ''H. maxima'', is about 4.6 centimeters long but has a legspan of up to 30 centimeters, therefore being the largest of any extant spider. Species As of August 2022, there were 189 spe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irenangelus Lukosanus
''Ireangelus'' is a genus of kleptoparasitic spider wasps from the sub-family Ceropalinae of the family Pompilidae. The genus has a pan tropical distribution, being known from Oriental, Neotropical, Australian, eastern Palearctic, and Madagascan Zoogeographic regions being best represented in the Neotropics. ''Irenangelus'' is closely related to the more widespread genus ''Ceropales'', the two genera forming a monophyletic subfamily, Ceropalinae within the Pompilidae. This is regarded as the most basal grouping of the Pompilidae but this view is problematic because of the kleptoparasitic life history of the Ceropalines, it is now considered that they Ceropalines and other pompilids evolved from a common ectoparasitoid ancestor. Biology In the Philippines species of ''Irenangelus'' are known to be kleptoparasites of '' Auplopus nyemitawa'' and '' Tachypompilus analis'', and ''I. eberlmrdi'' is a kleptoparasite of '' Auplopus semialatus''. The kleptoparasitic behaviour of '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irenangelus Intrusus
''Ireangelus'' is a genus of kleptoparasitic spider wasps from the sub-family Ceropalinae of the family Pompilidae. The genus has a pan tropical distribution, being known from Oriental, Neotropical, Australian, eastern Palearctic, and Madagascan Zoogeographic regions being best represented in the Neotropics. ''Irenangelus'' is closely related to the more widespread genus ''Ceropales'', the two genera forming a monophyletic subfamily, Ceropalinae within the Pompilidae. This is regarded as the most basal grouping of the Pompilidae but this view is problematic because of the kleptoparasitic life history of the Ceropalines, it is now considered that they Ceropalines and other pompilids evolved from a common ectoparasitoid ancestor. Biology In the Philippines species of ''Irenangelus'' are known to be kleptoparasites of '' Auplopus nyemitawa'' and '' Tachypompilus analis'', and ''I. eberlmrdi'' is a kleptoparasite of '' Auplopus semialatus''. The kleptoparasitic behaviour of '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irenangelus Ichneumoides
''Ireangelus'' is a genus of kleptoparasitic spider wasps from the sub-family Ceropalinae of the family Pompilidae. The genus has a pan tropical distribution, being known from Oriental, Neotropical, Australian, eastern Palearctic, and Madagascan Zoogeographic regions being best represented in the Neotropics. ''Irenangelus'' is closely related to the more widespread genus ''Ceropales'', the two genera forming a monophyletic subfamily, Ceropalinae within the Pompilidae. This is regarded as the most basal grouping of the Pompilidae but this view is problematic because of the kleptoparasitic life history of the Ceropalines, it is now considered that they Ceropalines and other pompilids evolved from a common ectoparasitoid ancestor. Biology In the Philippines species of ''Irenangelus'' are known to be kleptoparasites of '' Auplopus nyemitawa'' and '' Tachypompilus analis'', and ''I. eberlmrdi'' is a kleptoparasite of '' Auplopus semialatus''. The kleptoparasitic behaviour of '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irenangelus Hispaniolae
''Ireangelus'' is a genus of kleptoparasitic spider wasps from the sub-family Ceropalinae of the family Pompilidae. The genus has a pan tropical distribution, being known from Oriental, Neotropical, Australian, eastern Palearctic, and Madagascan Zoogeographic regions being best represented in the Neotropics. ''Irenangelus'' is closely related to the more widespread genus ''Ceropales'', the two genera forming a monophyletic subfamily, Ceropalinae within the Pompilidae. This is regarded as the most basal grouping of the Pompilidae but this view is problematic because of the kleptoparasitic life history of the Ceropalines, it is now considered that they Ceropalines and other pompilids evolved from a common ectoparasitoid ancestor. Biology In the Philippines species of ''Irenangelus'' are known to be kleptoparasites of '' Auplopus nyemitawa'' and '' Tachypompilus analis'', and ''I. eberlmrdi'' is a kleptoparasite of '' Auplopus semialatus''. The kleptoparasitic behaviour of '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irenangelus Hikosamis
''Ireangelus'' is a genus of kleptoparasitic spider wasps from the sub-family Ceropalinae of the family Pompilidae. The genus has a pan tropical distribution, being known from Oriental, Neotropical, Australian, eastern Palearctic, and Madagascan Zoogeographic regions being best represented in the Neotropics. ''Irenangelus'' is closely related to the more widespread genus ''Ceropales'', the two genera forming a monophyletic subfamily, Ceropalinae within the Pompilidae. This is regarded as the most basal grouping of the Pompilidae but this view is problematic because of the kleptoparasitic life history of the Ceropalines, it is now considered that they Ceropalines and other pompilids evolved from a common ectoparasitoid ancestor. Biology In the Philippines species of ''Irenangelus'' are known to be kleptoparasites of '' Auplopus nyemitawa'' and '' Tachypompilus analis'', and ''I. eberlmrdi'' is a kleptoparasite of '' Auplopus semialatus''. The kleptoparasitic behaviour of '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irenangelus Furtivus
''Ireangelus'' is a genus of kleptoparasitic spider wasps from the sub-family Ceropalinae of the family Pompilidae. The genus has a pan tropical distribution, being known from Oriental, Neotropical, Australian, eastern Palearctic, and Madagascan Zoogeographic regions being best represented in the Neotropics. ''Irenangelus'' is closely related to the more widespread genus ''Ceropales'', the two genera forming a monophyletic subfamily, Ceropalinae within the Pompilidae. This is regarded as the most basal grouping of the Pompilidae but this view is problematic because of the kleptoparasitic life history of the Ceropalines, it is now considered that they Ceropalines and other pompilids evolved from a common ectoparasitoid ancestor. Biology In the Philippines species of ''Irenangelus'' are known to be kleptoparasites of '' Auplopus nyemitawa'' and '' Tachypompilus analis'', and ''I. eberlmrdi'' is a kleptoparasite of '' Auplopus semialatus''. The kleptoparasitic behaviour of '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irenangelus Evansi
''Ireangelus'' is a genus of kleptoparasitic spider wasps from the sub-family Ceropalinae of the family Pompilidae. The genus has a pan tropical distribution, being known from Oriental, Neotropical, Australian, eastern Palearctic, and Madagascan Zoogeographic regions being best represented in the Neotropics. ''Irenangelus'' is closely related to the more widespread genus ''Ceropales'', the two genera forming a monophyletic subfamily, Ceropalinae within the Pompilidae. This is regarded as the most basal grouping of the Pompilidae but this view is problematic because of the kleptoparasitic life history of the Ceropalines, it is now considered that they Ceropalines and other pompilids evolved from a common ectoparasitoid ancestor. Biology In the Philippines species of ''Irenangelus'' are known to be kleptoparasites of '' Auplopus nyemitawa'' and '' Tachypompilus analis'', and ''I. eberlmrdi'' is a kleptoparasite of '' Auplopus semialatus''. The kleptoparasitic behaviour of '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Irenangelus Eberhardi
''Ireangelus'' is a genus of kleptoparasitic spider wasps from the sub-family Ceropalinae of the family Pompilidae. The genus has a pan tropical distribution, being known from Oriental, Neotropical, Australian, eastern Palearctic, and Madagascan Zoogeographic regions being best represented in the Neotropics. ''Irenangelus'' is closely related to the more widespread genus ''Ceropales'', the two genera forming a monophyletic subfamily, Ceropalinae within the Pompilidae. This is regarded as the most basal grouping of the Pompilidae but this view is problematic because of the kleptoparasitic life history of the Ceropalines, it is now considered that they Ceropalines and other pompilids evolved from a common ectoparasitoid ancestor. Biology In the Philippines species of ''Irenangelus'' are known to be kleptoparasites of '' Auplopus nyemitawa'' and '' Tachypompilus analis'', and ''I. eberlmrdi'' is a kleptoparasite of '' Auplopus semialatus''. The kleptoparasitic behaviour of '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
