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Invasion Of Grenada (1983)
The United States invasion of Grenada began at dawn on 25 October 1983. The United States and a coalition of six Caribbean nations invaded the island nation of Grenada, north of Venezuela. Codenamed Operation Urgent Fury by the U.S. military, it resulted in military occupation within a few days. It was triggered by the strife within the People's Revolutionary Government which resulted in the house arrest and execution of the previous leader and second Prime Minister of Grenada Maurice Bishop, and the establishment of the Revolutionary Military Council with Hudson Austin as Chairman. The invasion resulted in the appointment of an interim government, followed by elections in 1984. Grenada had gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1974. The allegedly communist New Jewel Movement seized power in a coup in 1979 under Maurice Bishop, suspending the constitution and detaining several political prisoners. In September 1983, an internal power struggle began over Bishop's lead ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cold War
The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because there was no large-scale fighting directly between the two superpowers, but they each supported major regional conflicts known as proxy wars. The conflict was based around the ideological and geopolitical struggle for global influence by these two superpowers, following their temporary alliance and victory against Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan in 1945. Aside from the nuclear arsenal development and conventional military deployment, the struggle for dominance was expressed via indirect means such as psychological warfare, propaganda campaigns, espionage, far-reaching embargoes, rivalry at sports events, and technological competitions such as the Space Race. The Western Bloc was led by the United States as well as a number of other First W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rudyard Lewis
Rudyard may refer to: Places *Rudyard, Mississippi, United States, an unincorporated community *Rudyard, Montana, United States, a census-designated place *Rudyard Township, Michigan, United States *Rudyard, Staffordshire, England, a village ** Rudyard Lake, in Rudyard, Staffordshire, a reservoir Given names *Harald Rudyard Engman (1903–1968), Danish artist, painter *Rudyard Griffiths (born 1970), TV anchor *Rudyard Kipling (1865–1936), English author and poet *Rudyard Spencer (born 1944), Jamaican politician and Minister of Health Surnames *Benjamin Rudyard (1572–1658), an English poet and politician * Carol Rudyard (1922–2021), English-Australian visual artist *John Rudyard (1650-c.1718), second builder of the Eddystone Lighthouse (1708) *Thomas Rudyard Thomas Rudyard (1640 – buried 2 November 1692) was a Quaker lawyer in London before moving to America and being appointed deputy governor of East Jersey and the first Attorney General of the English Province of New ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hudson Austin
Hudson Austin (26 April 1938 – 24 September 2022) was a general in the People's Revolutionary Army of Grenada. After the killing of Maurice Bishop, he formed a military government with himself as chairman to rule Grenada. History Early life and political career Hudson Austin was a member of the New Jewel Movement in Grenada. He was an early member of the military wing of the party and received military training in Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago along with eleven other Grenadians, sometimes referred to as "the twelve apostles". Austin was unique in this group as he also received training in the Soviet Union. He participated in the 1979 revolution which established the People's Revolutionary Government with Maurice Bishop at its head. After the revolution, Austin was in charge of the military forces of Grenada. 1983 Coup d'etat In October 1983, factional political issues intensified within the government, most notably Bishop's alleged favoring of rapprochement clashing with Aus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Milton Cato
Robert Milton Cato (3 June 1915 – 10 February 1997) was a socialist Vincentian politician who served as the first Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and also held the offices Premier of Saint Vincent and Chief Minister of Saint Vincent before independence. Cato was the leader of the Saint Vincent Labour Party, and led the country through independence in 1979. Life and career Robert Milton Cato was born in Saint Vincent, British Windward Islands on 3 June 1915. He attended the St. Vincent Grammar School from 1928 to 1933. On leaving school, the young Cato was articled to a Barrister-at-law in Kingstown, and began his career in law and was called to the Bar, Middle Temple in 1948. In 1945, he joined the First Canadian Army, attained the rank of Sergeant and gave active service in the Second World War in France, Belgium, Holland and Germany. Robert Milton Cato was married to Lucy-Ann Alexandra Cato. After returning to Saint Vincent, Cato became involved i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sydney Gun-Munro
Sir Sydney Douglas Gun-Munro (29 November 1916 – 1 March 2007) was the first Governor-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines from 1979 to 1985. He was educated at Grenada Boys' Secondary School where he won a scholarship, and in 1937 travelled to King's College London King's College London (informally King's or KCL) is a public research university located in London, England. King's was established by royal charter in 1829 under the patronage of King George IV and the Duke of Wellington. In 1836, King's ... where he studied medicine, graduating in 1942. References Biography(Government of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, 2005)Sir Sydney Gun-Munro passes(Government of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, 2 March 2007)Remembering Sir Sydney Gun-Munro(The Vincentian, 7 March 2007) (login required) [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Compton
Sir John George Melvin Compton, (29 April 1925 – 7 September 2007) was a Saint Lucian politician who became the first Prime Minister upon independence in February 1979. Having led Saint Lucia under British rule from 1964 to 1979, Compton served as Prime Minister three times: briefly in 1979, again from 1982 to 1996, and from 2006 until his death in 2007. He cofounded the conservative United Workers Party (UWP) in 1964; he led the party until 1996, then again from 2005 to 2007. Early life and education Compton was born on 29 April 1925 in Canouan, St. Vincent and the Grenadines.CV at government website.Albert Brandford "People's servant to the end" , nationnews ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Allen Montgomery Lewis
Sir Allen Montgomery Lewis (26 October 1909 – 18 February 1993) was a Saint Lucian barrister and public servant who twice served as the country's Governor-General. Early life He was born in Castries and was educated at the Castries Anglican Infant and Primary Schools and Saint Mary's College, Castries. He then studied law at London University and the Middle Temple. He became a member of Castries City Council in 1941, acting as Chairman six times. He was one of the founders and the first president of the Saint Lucia Labour Party in 1950. Before his appointments to the viceregal post, Sir Allen sat on the legislative council (1943–1951) and was a senator in the Federal Parliament of the West Indies Federation (1958–1959). Allen had a distinguished legal career alongside his political accomplishments; he was a judge on the Jamaican Court of Appeal (1962–1967) and the first Chief Justice of the West Indies Associated States Supreme Court (1967–1972). In 1975 he becam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kennedy Simmonds
Sir Kennedy Alphonse Simmonds, KCMG (born 12 April 1936), is a Saint Kittitian and Nevisian politician who served as the first prime minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis from 1983 to 1995. Life and career Simmonds was born in Basseterre on 12 April 1936. He graduated as a physician from the University of the West Indies in 1962. He married Mary Matthew, and they had five children. Simmonds was a founding member of the People's Action Movement (PAM) party. He was the Premier of Saint Kitts and Nevis from 21 February 1980, until the twin-island state gained independence from the United Kingdom on 19 September 1983. Upon independence, he became the 1st Prime Minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis and as such has been hailed as "The Father of the Nation." Simmonds and his party ruled with the support of Nevis Reformation Party. He had three deputy prime ministers: Michael Oliver Powell 1980-1992, Sydney Earl Morris 1992-1994 and Hugh Heyliger 1994-1995. Honours In 2004, Simmonds ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clement Arrindell
Sir Clement Athelston Arrindell (19 April 1931 – 27 March 2011) was the first governor-general of Saint Kitts and Nevis, serving from 1983 to 1995, and also served as the country's final colonial governor, from 1981 to 1983. Arrindell was born in Basseterre, Saint Kitts, and educated at the St. Kitts–Nevis Grammar School, where he was top of his class in his final year. He left to study in England in 1954, and was called to the bar in June 1958, as a member of Lincoln's Inn. Arrindell returned to Saint Kitts in December 1958. He initially worked in private practice, but was eventually made a magistrate. From 1972 to 1978, he served as a senior magistrate, both in Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla (as the colony was then known) and in the British Virgin Islands. In July 1978, Arrindell was made a judge of the West Indies Associated States Supreme Court (now known as the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court). He served in the position until November 1981, when he succeeded Sir Prob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eugenia Charles
Dame Mary Eugenia Charles, (15 May 1919 – 6 September 2005) was a Dominican politician who was Prime Minister of Dominica from 21 July 1980 until 14 June 1995. The first female lawyer in Dominica, she was Dominica's first, and to date only, female prime minister. She was the second female prime minister in the Caribbean after Lucina da Costa of the Netherlands Antilles. She was the first female in the Americas to be elected in her own right as head of government. She served for the second longest period of any Dominican prime minister, and was the world's fourth longest-serving female Prime Minister, behind Sheikh Hasina of Bangladesh, Sirimavo Bandaranaike of Sri Lanka and Indira Gandhi of India. She held the record for the longest continuous tenure by any female Prime Minister, which was later broken by Sheikh Hasina. She was also described as the "Iron Lady of the Caribbean." Personal life Eugenia Charles was born on 15 May 1919, in the fishing village of Pointe Michel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aurelius Marie
Aurelius John Lamothe Marie (23 December 1904 – 28 September 1995) was a Dominican politician and jurist who served as the second President of Dominica from 1980 to 1983. Political career He served as a magistrate and jurist before his election. On 25 February 1980, the House of Assembly then elected Aurelius Marie as president. Marie took the Oath of Office the following day before Justice Cecil Hewlett. He served as president until 1983. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Marie, Aurelius 1904 births 1995 deaths Presidents of Dominica Dominica politicians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vere Bird
Sir Vere Cornwall Bird, KNH (9 December 1910 – 28 June 1999) was the first Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda. His son, Lester Bryant Bird, succeeded him as Prime Minister. In 1994 he was declared a national hero. He was an officer in the Salvation Army for 2 years. In 1943, he became the president of the Antigua Trades and Labour Union. He achieved national acclaim politically for the first time when he was elected to the colonial legislature in 1945. He formed the Antigua Labour Party and became the first and only chief minister, first and last premier, and first prime minister from 1981 to 1994. His resignation was due to failing health and internal issues within the government. In 1985 Antigua's international airport, which was first named Coolidge, was renamed V.C. Bird International Airport in his honour. Early life and education Bird was born in a poor area of St John's, the capital. Unlike most of his giant political contemporaries – such as Norman Manley ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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