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Intertrappean Beds
The Intertrappean Beds are a Late Cretaceous geologic formation in India. The beds are found as interbeds between Deccan Traps layers. Indeterminate theropod and pterosaur remains have been recovered from the formation, as well as dinosaur eggs.Weishampel, et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution." Pp. 517-607. The mammal genera '' Deccanolestes'', '' Sahnitherium'', '' Bharattherium'', and'' Kharmerungulatum'' have been recovered from it as well. A rich plant flora is known from the formation. Paleobiota Lepidosaurs Mammals Flora See also *Lameta Formation * List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations ** List of stratigraphic units with indeterminate dinosaur fossils * List of pterosaur-bearing stratigraphic units This is a list of stratigraphic units, where pterosaur fossils have been recovered from. Units listed are all either formation rank or higher (e.g. group). See also * Pterosaur * List of fossil sites References Further reading * Ext ... ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geological Formation
A geological formation, or simply formation, is a body of rock having a consistent set of physical characteristics ( lithology) that distinguishes it from adjacent bodies of rock, and which occupies a particular position in the layers of rock exposed in a geographical region (the stratigraphic column). It is the fundamental unit of lithostratigraphy, the study of strata or rock layers. A formation must be large enough that it can be mapped at the surface or traced in the subsurface. Formations are otherwise not defined by the thickness of their rock strata, which can vary widely. They are usually, but not universally, tabular in form. They may consist of a single lithology (rock type), or of alternating beds of two or more lithologies, or even a heterogeneous mixture of lithologies, so long as this distinguishes them from adjacent bodies of rock. The concept of a geologic formation goes back to the beginnings of modern scientific geology. The term was used by Abraham Gottlob Wer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sudamericidae
Sudamericidae is a family of gondwanathere mammals that lived during the late Cretaceous to Miocene. Its members include ''Lavanify'' and ''Vintana'' from the Cretaceous of Madagascar, ''Bharattherium'' (=''Dakshina'') from the Cretaceous of India, ''Gondwanatherium'' from the Cretaceous of Argentina, ''Sudamerica'' from the Paleocene of Argentina, and unnamed forms from the Eocene of Antarctica (closely related to ''Sudamerica'') and Cretaceous of Tanzania.Gurovich and Beck, 2009; Krause et al., 1997; Prasad, 2008; Prasad et al., 2007; Wilson et al., 2007 More recently, ''Patagonia'', a mammal from the Colhuehuapian stage of the Miocene of southern South America, has been suggested to be a sudamericid. ''Vintana ''Vintana sertichi'' (from Malagasy vintana, "luck" ) is an early groundhog-like mammal dating from the Late Cretaceous, approximately 66 million years ago. Scientists found the lone fossil, a skull, on Madagascar's west coast in the Maastrichti ...'' is one of the m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cocoseae
Cocoseae is a tribe of cocosoid palms of the family Arecaceae. Description The fruit of the Cocoseae is a modified drupe, with a sclerenchymatous epicarp and a highly developed mesocarp, formed mainly by parenchyma . The endocarp is generally sclerenchymatous and protects the seeds from predation and drying. The most obvious synapomorphy In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy). A synapomorphy is an apomorphy shared by two or more taxa and is therefore hypothesized to have ... of the species of this tribe is the presence, in the endocarp, of three or more "eyes" or pores of germination. Distribution The Cocoseae are distributed mainly in the Neotropical regions, with two genera endemic to Africa (''Jubaeopsis'' and ''Elaeis'') and Madagascar ( ''Beccariophoenix'' and ''Voanioala'' ), respectively. Systematics The Cocoseae in the sense of Dransfield et al. (2008) are ide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nypa Fruticans
''Nypa fruticans'', commonly known as the nipa palm (or simply nipa, from ms, nipah) or mangrove palm, is a species of palm native to the coastlines and estuarine habitats of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the only palm considered adapted to the mangrove biome. The genus ''Nypa'' and the subfamily Nypoideae are monotypic taxa because this species is their only member. Description Unlike most palms, the nipa palm's trunk grows beneath the ground; only the leaves and flower stalk grow upwards above the surface. The leaves extend up to in height. The flowers are a globular inflorescence of female flowers at the tip with catkin-like red or yellow male flowers on the lower branches. The flower produces woody nuts arranged in a globular cluster up to across on a single stalk. The ripe nuts separate from the ball and float away on the tide, occasionally germinating while still water-borne. Fossil record While only one species of ''Nypa'' now exists, ''N. fruticans'', w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Borasseae
Borasseae is a tribe in the palm subfamily Coryphoideae. The tribe ranges from southern Africa and Madagascar north through the Arabian Peninsula to India, Indochina, Indonesia and New Guinea. Several genera are restricted to islands in the Indian Ocean. The two largest genera, ''Hyphaene'' and ''Borassus'', are also the most widespread. Description Borassoid palms typically have large, column-like trunks, though several species of ''Hyphaene'' have branching or clustered stems. The leaves are large, palmate and often with spines or sharp edges along the petioles. Leaves are retained on young palm stems, later falling to reveal prominent scars. All genera in the Borasseae are dioecious, with separate male and female trees; they are pleonanthic, flowering regularly for many years. Inflorescences are large and pendulous; the male flowers are much smaller than the female and are borne in clusters within catkin-like structures. Fruits contain hard, woody endocarps surrounding the se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coryphoideae
The Coryphoideae is one of five subfamilies in the palm family, Arecaceae. It contains all of the genera with palmate leaves, excepting ''Mauritia'', ''Mauritiella'' and ''Lepidocaryum,'' all of subfamily Calamoideae, tribe Lepidocaryeae, subtribe Mauritiinae. However, all Coryphoid palm leaves have induplicate (V-shaped) leaf folds (excepting ''Guihaia''), while Calamoid palms have reduplicate (inverted V-shaped) leaf folds. Pinnate leaves do occur in Coryphoideae, in ''Phoenix'', '' Arenga'', ''Wallichia'' and bipinnate in ''Caryota''. Classification Subfamily Coryphoideae is divided into 8 tribes: * Sabaleae ** ''Sabal'' * Cryosophileae ** ''Schippia'' ** '' Trithrinax'' ** ''Zombia'' ** ''Coccothrinax'' ** ''Hemithrinax'' ** ''Thrinax'' ** ''Chelyocarpus'' ** ''Cryosophila'' ** ''Itaya'' ** ''Sabinaria'' * Phoeniceae ** ''Phoenix'' * Trachycarpeae ** ''Chamaerops'' ** ''Guihaia'' ** ''Trachycarpus'' ** ''Rhapidophyllum'' ** ''Maxburretia'' ** ''Rhapis'' ** ''Livistona'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palmoxylon
''Palmoxylon'' (petrified palmwood) is an extinct genus of palm named from petrified wood found around the world. Fossil record This genus is known in the fossil record from the Late Cretaceous to the Miocene (from about 84.9 to 11.6 million years ago). Fossils of species within this genus have been found in Germany, Italy (Sardinia), United States, Egypt, Libya and Argentina ( Bororó and Salamanca Formations).''Palmoxylon'' at .org Many species were described from the in |
Connaraceae
Connaraceae is a pan-tropical plant family of 19 genera and more than 180 species of largely evergreen trees, woody shrubs and climbers. The family was first described by Robert Brown in 1816 and the name has been conserved. Distribution Connaraceae is a tropical family, the most important genera of which, ''Connarus'' (approximately 80 species) and ''Rourea'' (40-70 species) have a pan-tropical distribution. Their habitat is generally lowland tropical rain forest and savanna. Description Connaraceae are typically evergreen trees, shrubs or climbers. ''Connarus'' is represented by species in all three lifeforms, while ''Rourea'' species are climbers. Their leaves are pinnate, trifoliate or rarely entire, alternate, without stipules and with a pulvinus at the base of the petiole. ''Connarus guianensis'' is economically important for its decorative wood, zebra wood. Genera Fossil record Fossil leaflet impression described as ''Rourea miocaudata'' from India shows close rese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
