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Internationale Bauaustellung
An Internationale Bauausstellung (IBA) or International Architecture Exhibition is a German device for urban engineering and architecture, in order to show new concepts in terms of social, cultural and ecologic ideas. History * The first one dates to 1901 and was held in Darmstadt. * In 1913, there was an IBA on the site of today`s Alte Messe in Leipzig. * IBA '57 was organised in Berlin. * 1979–87 IBA Berlin was an urban renewal project which followed the strategies of "careful urban renewal" and "critical reconstruction". The program inspired the formation of the group Feministische Organisation von Planerinnen und Architektinnen (Feminist Architects and Planners Organisation or FOPA), who objected to its failure to adequately address women-specific issues and involve female designers. * 1989–99 IBA Emscher Park aimed at restructuring a former industrial region, the Ruhr The Ruhr ( ; german: Ruhrgebiet , also ''Ruhrpott'' ), also referred to as the Ruhr area, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urban Engineering
Municipal or urban engineering applies the tools of science, art and engineering in an urban environment. Municipal engineering is concerned with municipal infrastructure. This involves specifying, designing, constructing, and maintaining streets, sidewalks, water supply networks, sewers, street lighting, municipal solid waste management and disposal, storage depots for various bulk materials used for maintenance and public works (salt, sand, etc.), public parks and cycling infrastructure. In the case of underground utility networks, it may also include the civil portion (conduits and access chambers) of the local distribution networks of electrical and telecommunications services. It can also include the optimizing of garbage collection and bus service networks. Some of these disciplines overlap with other civil engineering specialties, however municipal engineering focuses on the coordination of these infrastructure networks and services, as they are often built simultaneousl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |