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International Association Of Trichologists
Trichology is the study of the hair and scalp. The term derives from Ancient Greek θρίξ (''thríx''), "hair" and -λογία ''-logia''. In most jurisdictions the title of a ''trichologist'', not the field of trichology, is considered a para-medical discipline. The Institute of Trichologists was founded in 1902. The first journal for the field, International Journal of Trichology, was founded in 2009. Diseases * Alopecia ** Alopecia areata ** Alopecia universalis **Frictional alopecia ** Frontal fibrosing alopecia ** Loose anagen syndrome ** Pattern hair loss (''Androgenic alopecia'') ** Scarring and non scarring hair loss *Hair colour **Canities subita ** Premature greying of hair * The hair root & hair follicle disorders ** Telogen effluvium ** Trichostasis spinulosa * Hirsutism ** Trichomegaly *Pathogenic ** Microsporum audouinii **Piedraia hortae ** Tinea capitis **Trichobacteriosis axillaris Diagnosis *Blood test ** Vitamin deficiency * Hair analysis **Scalp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hair
Hair is a protein filament that grows from follicles found in the dermis. Hair is one of the defining characteristics of mammals. The human body, apart from areas of glabrous skin, is covered in follicles which produce thick terminal and fine vellus hair. Most common interest in hair is focused on hair growth, hair types, and hair care, but hair is also an important biomaterial primarily composed of protein, notably alpha-keratin. Attitudes towards different forms of hair, such as hairstyles and hair removal, vary widely across different cultures and historical periods, but it is often used to indicate a person's personal beliefs or social position, such as their age, sex, or religion. Overview The word "hair" usually refers to two distinct structures: #the part beneath the skin, called the hair follicle, or, when pulled from the skin, the bulb or root. This organ is located in the dermis and maintains stem cells, which not only re-grow the hair after it falls out, b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hair Follicle
The hair follicle is an organ found in mammalian skin. It resides in the dermal layer of the skin and is made up of 20 different cell types, each with distinct functions. The hair follicle regulates hair growth via a complex interaction between hormones, neuropeptides, and immune cells. This complex interaction induces the hair follicle to produce different types of hair as seen on different parts of the body. For example, terminal hairs grow on the scalp and lanugo hairs are seen covering the bodies of fetuses in the uterus and in some newborn babies. The process of hair growth occurs in distinct sequential stages. The first stage is called ''anagen'' and is the active growth phase, ''telogen'' is the resting stage, ''catagen'' is the regression of the hair follicle phase, ''exogen'' is the active shedding of hair phase and lastly ''kenogen'' is the phase between the empty hair follicle and the growth of new hair. The function of hair in humans has long been a subject of interest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwig Scale
The Ludwig scale is a method of classifying female pattern baldness (androgenic alopecia), and ranges from stages I to III. Stage I begins with thinning on the top of the head. In stage II the scalp starts to show. All of the hair at the crown of the head may be lost when the hair loss progresses to stage III. However, the scale is used merely for general categorization. Many women do not actually fit into the Ludwig stages. See also * Hamilton–Norwood scale for male pattern baldness References Medical scales Dermatologic terminology Trichology {{dermatology-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamilton–Norwood Scale
The Hamilton–Norwood scale is used to classify the stages of male pattern baldness. The stages are described with a number from 1 to 7. Overview This measurement Measurement is the quantification of attributes of an object or event, which can be used to compare with other objects or events. In other words, measurement is a process of determining how large or small a physical quantity is as compared ... scale was first introduced by James Hamilton in the 1950s and later revised and updated by O'Tar Norwood in the 1970s. It is sometimes referred to as the Norwood–Hamilton scale or simply the Norwood scale. The scale is regularly used by doctors to assess the severity of baldness, but it is not considered very reliable since examiners' conclusions can vary. References External linksHaartransplantatie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hair Analysis
Hair analysis may refer to the chemical analysis of a hair sample, but can also refer to microscopic analysis or comparison. Chemical hair analysis may be considered for retrospective purposes when blood and urine are no longer expected to contain a particular contaminant, typically three months or less. Its most widely accepted use is in the fields of forensic toxicology and, increasingly, environmental toxicology. Several alternative medicine fields also use various hair analyses for environmental toxicology, but these uses are controversial, evolving, and not standardized. Microscopic hair analysis has traditionally been used in forensics as well. Analysts examine a number of different characteristics of hairs under a microscope, usually comparing hair taken from a crime scene and hair taken from a suspect. It is still acknowledged as a useful technique for confirming that hairs do not match. But DNA testing of evidence has overturned many convictions that relied on h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vitamin Deficiency
Vitamin deficiency is the condition of a long-term lack of a vitamin. When caused by not enough vitamin intake it is classified as a ''primary deficiency'', whereas when due to an underlying disorder such as malabsorption it is called a ''secondary deficiency''. An underlying disorder may be metabolic – as in a genetic defect for converting tryptophan to niacin – or from lifestyle choices that increase vitamin needs, such as smoking or drinking alcohol. Government guidelines on vitamin deficiencies advise certain intakes for healthy people, with specific values for women, men, babies, the elderly, and during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Many countries have mandated vitamin food fortification programs to prevent commonly occurring vitamin deficiencies. Conversely, hypervitaminosis refers to symptoms caused by vitamin intakes in excess of needs, especially for fat-soluble vitamins that can accumulate in body tissues. The history of the discovery of vitamin deficiencies progre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blood Test
A blood test is a laboratory analysis performed on a blood sample that is usually extracted from a vein in the arm using a hypodermic needle, or via fingerprick. Multiple tests for specific blood components, such as a glucose test or a cholesterol test, are often grouped together into one test panel called a blood panel or blood work. Blood tests are often used in health care to determine physiological and biochemical states, such as disease, mineral content, pharmaceutical drug effectiveness, and organ function. Typical clinical blood panels include a basic metabolic panel or a complete blood count. Blood tests are also used in drug tests to detect drug abuse. Extraction A venipuncture is useful as it is a minimally invasive way to obtain cells and extracellular fluid ( plasma) from the body for analysis. Blood flows throughout the body, acting as a medium that provides oxygen and nutrients to tissues and carries waste products back to the excretory systems for disposal. Co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trichobacteriosis Axillaris
''Trichobacteriosis axillaris'' is a superficial bacterial colonization of the hair shafts in sweat gland–bearing areas, such as the armpits and the groin. It is a trivial disease of worldwide occurrence that is believed to be caused by the genus ''Corynebacteria''. The condition has been called extensively ''trichomycosis axillaris'' in the literature, but because it is a bacterial infection and not a fungal infection, it should be called ''trichobacteriosis''. Presentation It is characterized by the presence of concretions along the hair shafts, clinically observed as yellow, and rarely as red or black nodules. These concretions derive from bacterial colonization along the hair shaft containing dried apocrine sweat with a cementing substance generated by the bacteria. Cause It is caused by several species of ''Corynebacterium''. Obesity, hyperhidrosis, poor local hygiene, and warm, moist environments are common predisposing factors. Diagnosis The infection is diagnosed by c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tinea Capitis
Tinea capitis (also known as "herpes tonsurans", "ringworm of the hair", "ringworm of the scalp", "scalp ringworm", and "tinea tonsurans") is a cutaneous fungal infection (dermatophytosis) of the scalp. The disease is primarily caused by dermatophytes in the genera ''Trichophyton'' and ''Microsporum'' that invade the hair shaft. The clinical presentation is typically single or multiple patches of hair loss, sometimes with a 'black dot' pattern (often with broken-off hairs), that may be accompanied by inflammation, scaling, pustules, and itching. Uncommon in adults, tinea capitis is predominantly seen in pre-pubertal children, more often boys than girls. At least eight species of dermatophytes are associated with tinea capitis. Cases of ''Trichophyton'' infection predominate from Central America to the United States and in parts of Western Europe. Infections from ''Microsporum'' species are mainly in South America, Southern and Central Europe, Africa and the Middle East. The disease ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piedraia Hortae
''Piedraia hortae'' is a superficial fungus that exists in the soils of tropical and subtropical environments and affects both sexes of all ages. The fungus grows very slowly, forming dark hyphae, which contain chlamydoconidia cells and black colonies when grown on agar. ''Piedraia hortae'' is a dermatophyte and causes a superficial fungal infection known as black piedra, which causes the formation of black nodules on the hair shaft and leads to progressive weakening of the hair. The infection usually infects hairs on the scalp and beard, but other varieties tend to grow on pubic hairs. The infection is usually treated with cutting or shaving of the hair and followed by the application of anti-fungal and topical agents. The fungus is used for cosmetic purposes to darken hair in some societies as a symbol of attractiveness. Morphology When grown on agar at ''Piedraia hortae'' grows very slowly to form black-greenish, limited and pointed colonies. ''Piedraia hortae'' taken from in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microsporum Audouinii
''Microsporum audouinii'' is an anthropophilic fungus in the genus ''Microsporum''. It is a type of dermatophyte that colonizes keratinized tissues (primarily hair) causing infection. The fungus is characterized by its spindle-shaped macroconidia (7–30 × 35–160 μm), clavate microconidia (2.5–3.5 × 4–7 μm) as well as its pitted or spiny external walls. Growth conditions This fungus is often found in soil that is rich in keratinous material. However, there are other factors that can influence its growth, such as pH, relative humidity, organic carbon, nitrogen and temperature. ''Microsporum audouinii'' appears to prefer a neutral pH in the range of 6.8-7.0 and room temperature for growth. Drastic increases or decreases in temperature can inhibit its growth. ''Microsporum audouinii'' is effective in utilizing its carbon sources, but growth is strongest in the hexoses (glucose, mannose and fructose) and weakest in maltose, sucrose, lactose and galactose. It is u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trichomegaly
Trichomegaly is a congenital condition in which the eyelashes are abnormally long, greater than 12mm in the central area and 8mm in the peripheral. The term was first used by H. Gray in 1944 in a publication in the Stanford Medical Bulletin, though he was only the third person to characterize the disorder; the first two reports were published in German in 1926 and 1931 by Reiter and Bab, respectively. Gray suggested the use of the term "movie lashes" to describe this condition, for long lashes were at the time being portrayed in film as a desirable characteristic in women. Etiology There are several causal agents for this disorder; these can be divided into three main categories and include the following: Congenital Syndromes * Oliver–McFarlane syndrome * Cornelia de Lange Syndrome * Cone-rod dystrophy * Tetralogy of Fallot * Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome * Goldstein Hutt Syndrome * Phylloid hypomelanosis * Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome Acquired disorders * Areata alopecia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
