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Instructions Of The Year XIII
The Instructions of the Year XIII ( es, Instrucciones del año XIII) were the mandate brought by the representatives from the Oriental Province to the Assembly of the Year XIII of the United Provinces of the River Plate. In 1813, a meeting called by the Second Triumvirate was meant to define the type of government for the new nation. The people of the Oriental Province (what is now Uruguay) drafted a federalist document, opposed to the centralism of the Second Triumvirate. Among other ideas, the following principles were proclaimed: * independence, * republic, * federalism, * full civic and religious freedom, * the capital should not be Buenos Aires. These Instructions were the origin of an unending conflict between the Oriental leader, José Gervasio Artigas, and the authorities that be in Buenos Aires. Some scholars see the influence of American founding father Thomas Paine in these Instructions.John Street, ''Artigas and the Emancipation of Uruguay'' (London: Cambridge Univer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oriental Province
Banda Oriental, or more fully Banda Oriental del Uruguay (Eastern Bank), was the name of the South American territories east of the Uruguay River and north of Río de la Plata that comprise the modern nation of Uruguay; the modern state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; and some of the modern state of Santa Catarina (state), Santa Catarina, Brazil. It was the easternmost territory of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata. After decades of disputes over the territories, the 1777 First Treaty of San Ildefonso settled the division between the Spanish Empire and the Portuguese Empire: the southern part was to be held by the Spanish Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata and the northern territories by the Portuguese ''Capitania de São Pedro do Rio Grande do Sul'' ( en, Captaincy of Saint Peter of the Southern Río Grande). The Banda Oriental was not a separate administrative unit until the ''de facto'' creation of the Provincia Oriental ( en, Eastern Province) by José Gervasio Artigas in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Gervasio Artigas
José Gervasio Artigas Arnal (; June 19, 1764 – September 23, 1850) was a political leader, military general, statesman and national hero of Uruguay and the broader Río de la Plata region. He fought in the Latin American wars of independence against the Spanish Empire, but also against the Portuguese Empire and the centralist government of Buenos Aires in the pursuit of political and civil liberties for the peoples of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata. He is considered a ''Libertador'' of Latin America and a national hero in Uruguay, sometimes referred to as "the father of Uruguayan nationhood". His biggest political project was the creation of the Federal League, a confederation of South American provinces under a federal style of government inspired by the United States. Biography Early life Artigas was born in Montevideo on June 19, 1764. His grandparents were from Zaragoza, Buenos Aires and Tenerife (Canary Islands). His grandparents fought in the War ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1813 In Politics
Events January–March * January 18–January 23 – War of 1812: The Battle of Frenchtown is fought in modern-day Monroe, Michigan between the United States and a British and Native American alliance. * January 24 – The Philharmonic Society (later the Royal Philharmonic Society) is founded in London. * January 28 – Jane Austen's '' Pride and Prejudice'' is published anonymously in London. * January 31 – The Assembly of the Year XIII is inaugurated in Buenos Aires. * February – War of 1812 in North America: General William Henry Harrison sends out an expedition to burn the British vessels at Fort Malden by going across Lake Erie via the Bass Islands in sleighs, but the ice is not hard enough, and the expedition returns. * February 3 – Argentine War of Independence: José de San Martín and his Regiment of Mounted Grenadiers gain a largely symbolic victory against a Spanish royalist army in the Battle of San Lorenzo. * Februa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1813 In Uruguay
Events January–March * January 18–January 23 – War of 1812: The Battle of Frenchtown is fought in modern-day Monroe, Michigan between the United States and a British and Native American alliance. * January 24 – The Philharmonic Society (later the Royal Philharmonic Society) is founded in London. * January 28 – Jane Austen's '' Pride and Prejudice'' is published anonymously in London. * January 31 – The Assembly of the Year XIII is inaugurated in Buenos Aires. * February – War of 1812 in North America: General William Henry Harrison sends out an expedition to burn the British vessels at Fort Malden by going across Lake Erie via the Bass Islands in sleighs, but the ice is not hard enough, and the expedition returns. * February 3 – Argentine War of Independence: José de San Martín and his Regiment of Mounted Grenadiers gain a largely symbolic victory against a Spanish royalist army in the Battle of San Lorenzo. * Februa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Artiguism
Artiguism is the set of political ideas, economic and social, of José Gervasio Artigas, the main leader of the Oriental Revolution held in the Oriental Province of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata, which was a predecessor of the modern Republic of Uruguay. Sources of Inspiration Artiguism has two main sources: the works of American authors such as Thomas Paine (supporters of federalism) and the French authors of the Enlightenment as Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Artigas read books in his teens as "''Common Sense''" by Paine and "''The Social Contract''" by Rousseau. As such, the first "Caudillo" or Founding Father of the La Plata territory seems to have been inspired more by the English enlightenment than the French. The ideology of Artigas is partially taken from the U.S. legal texts. American political liberalism exerted strong influence him. Other Hispanic independence leaders, however, were more influenced by the French Revolution and the authors of France. Some histori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liga Federal
Liga or LIGA may refer to: People * Līga (name), a Latvian female given name * Luciano Ligabue, more commonly known as Ligabue or ''Liga'', Italian rock singer-songwriter Sports * Liga ACB, men's professional basketball league in Spain * Liga Deportiva Alajuelense, football club from Costa Rica commonly known as "La Liga" * Liga Deportiva Universitaria, Ecuadorian professional football club based in Quito * Liga Elitelor, a system of youth Romanian football leagues covering the under-17 and under-19 age groups * Liga Femenina de Baloncesto, women's professional basketball league in Spain * Liga MX, highest professional division of the Mexican football league system * Liga Portugal, highest professional division of the Portuguese football league system * Liga Portugal 2, second highest professional division of the Portuguese football league system * Liga I, highest professional division of the Romanian football league system * Liga 1 (Indonesia), highest professional division of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Paine
Thomas Paine (born Thomas Pain; – In the contemporary record as noted by Conway, Paine's birth date is given as January 29, 1736–37. Common practice was to use a dash or a slash to separate the old-style year from the new-style year. In the old calendar, the new year began on March 25, not January 1. Paine's birth date, therefore, would have been before New Year, 1737. In the new style, his birth date advances by eleven days and his year increases by one to February 9, 1737. The O.S. link gives more detail if needed. – June 8, 1809) was an English-born American political activist, philosopher, political theorist, and revolutionary. He authored ''Common Sense'' (1776) and ''The American Crisis'' (1776–1783), two of the most influential pamphlets at the start of the American Revolution, and helped inspire the Patriots in 1776 to declare independence from Great Britain, hitherto an unpopular cause. His ideas reflected Enlightenment-era ideals of transnational human rig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires ( or ; ), officially the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires ( es, link=no, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires), is the capital and primate city of Argentina. The city is located on the western shore of the Río de la Plata, on South America's southeastern coast. "Buenos Aires" can be translated as "fair winds" or "good airs", but the former was the meaning intended by the founders in the 16th century, by the use of the original name "Real de Nuestra Señora Santa María del Buen Ayre", named after the Madonna of Bonaria in Sardinia, Italy. Buenos Aires is classified as an alpha global city, according to the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC) 2020 ranking. The city of Buenos Aires is neither part of Buenos Aires Province nor the Province's capital; rather, it is an autonomous district. In 1880, after decades of political infighting, Buenos Aires was federalized and removed from Buenos Aires Province. The city limits were enlarged to include t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El País (Uruguay)
''El País'' is a Uruguayan newspaper, first published on September 14, 1918, and distributed nationwide. It previously belonged to the same media group as the television channel Teledoce. Its website is ranked 6th in Uruguay according to Alexa. Its circulation is verified by the Argentine institution IVC. History Established in Montevideo, ''El País'' was originally edited by Leonel Aguirre, Eduardo Rodríguez Larreta and Washington Beltrán Barbat. Begun as a political newspaper devoted to the National Party, it later developed into a general interest newspaper. For decades, ''El País'' has been among the leading written media in Uruguay, with a circulation of 65,000 on weekdays and 100,000 on Sundays. Its editorial focus is on the social, political and economic news of Uruguay, as well as the Mercosur regional trade alliance. Awards From 1991 to 2012 ''El País'' had been awarding the prize "El País King of European Soccer" for the best footballer in Europe. The fir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Assembly Of The Year XIII
The Assembly of Year XIII ( es, Asamblea del Año XIII) was a meeting called by the Second Triumvirate governing the young republic of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata (modern-day Argentina, Uruguay, part of Bolivia) on October 1812. One of the objectives of the assembly was to define an institutional government system for the republic. Without the presence of representatives from some of the provinces (such as the Oriental Province), it was inaugurated on January 31, 1813 (hence the name). At the same time, it was to proclaim independence from Spain, and write the first constitution of the young state. Accomplishments During the assembly, different interests delayed the declaration of independence, but a number of common points were successfully established: * The national coat of arms was chosen. * The national anthem was commended. * The Freedom of Wombs (''Libertad de vientres'') law, which put an end to slavery, was passed (it dictated that children born from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carlos Maggi
Carlos Maggi (5 August 1922, Montevideo, Uruguay – 15 May 2015, Montevideo, Uruguay) was a Uruguayan lawyer, playwright, journalist and writer. Among his acquaintances he was known as "the Kid" ( es, el Pibe). He was one of the last surviving members of the ''Generation of 45'', a Uruguayan intellectual and literary movement: Juan Carlos Onetti, Manuel Flores Mora, Ángel Rama, Emir Rodríguez Monegal, Idea Vilariño, Carlos Real de Azúa, , , Mauricio Muller, José Pedro Díaz, Amanda Berenguer, , Mario Benedetti, Ida Vitale, Líber Falco, , among others. Works * ''Il Duce'' (2013), opera libretto, with Mauricio Rosencof, music by Federico García Vigil * ''1611-2011 Mutaciones y aggiornamientos en la economía y cultura del Uruguay'' (2011) * ''Artigas revelado'' (2009), with Leonardo Borges * ''La nueva historia de Artigas'' (2005), 8 volumes * ''El fin de la discusión'' (2002) * ''La guerra de Baltar'' (2001) * ''Artigas y el lejano norte'' (1999) * ''Esperando a R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centralism
Centralisation or centralization (see spelling differences) is the process by which the activities of an organisation, particularly those regarding planning and decision-making, framing strategy and policies become concentrated within a particular geographical location group. This moves the important decision-making and planning powers within the center of the organisation. The term has a variety of meanings in several fields. In political science, centralisation refers to the concentration of a government's power—both geographically and politically—into a centralised government. An antonym of ''centralisation'' is '' decentralisation''. Centralisation in politics History of the centralisation of authority ''Centralisation of authority'' is the systematic and consistent concentration of authority at a central point or in a person within the organization. This idea was first introduced in the Qin Dynasty of China. The Qin government was highly bureaucratic and was administ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
