|
Inorganic Imide
The inorganic imides are compounds containing an ion composed of nitrogen bonded to hydrogen with formula HN2−. Organic imides have the NH group, and two single or one double covalent bond to other atoms. The imides are related to the inorganic amides (H2N−), the nitrides (N3−) and the nitridohydrides (N3−•H−). In addition to solid state imides, molecular imides are also known in dilute gases, where their spectrum can be studied. Imide can be a ligand, with a double bond to a metal such as molybdenum (e.g. Mo=NH). As a ligand it is called imido. The imido ligand is part of a nitrogen fixation cycle: Mo•N2 → Mo-N=N− → Mo-N=NH (diazenido) → Mo-N=NH2+ → Mo=N-NH2 (hydrazido) → Mo=N-NH3+ (hydrazidium) → Mo≡N (nitrido) + NH3 → Mo≡NH+ → Mo=NH (imido) → Mo=NH2+ → Mo-NH2 (amido) → Mo-NH3+ → Mo•NH3 (ammine); with the oxidation state of molybdenum varying to accommodate the number bonds from nitrogen. When the hydrogen of the imide group is sub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrogen
Nitrogen is the chemical element with the symbol N and atomic number 7. Nitrogen is a nonmetal and the lightest member of group 15 of the periodic table, often called the pnictogens. It is a common element in the universe, estimated at seventh in total abundance in the Milky Way and the Solar System. At standard temperature and pressure, two atoms of the element bond to form N2, a colorless and odorless diatomic gas. N2 forms about 78% of Earth's atmosphere, making it the most abundant uncombined element. Nitrogen occurs in all organisms, primarily in amino acids (and thus proteins), in the nucleic acids ( DNA and RNA) and in the energy transfer molecule adenosine triphosphate. The human body contains about 3% nitrogen by mass, the fourth most abundant element in the body after oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen. The nitrogen cycle describes the movement of the element from the air, into the biosphere and organic compounds, then back into the atmosphere. Many indus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithium Hydride
Lithium hydride is an inorganic compound with the formula Li H. This alkali metal hydride is a colorless solid, although commercial samples are grey. Characteristic of a salt-like (ionic) hydride, it has a high melting point, and it is not soluble but reactive with all protic organic solvents. It is soluble and nonreactive with certain molten salts such as lithium fluoride, lithium borohydride, and sodium hydride. With a molar mass of 7.95 g/mol, it is the lightest ionic compound. Physical properties LiH is a diamagnetic and an ionic conductor with a conductivity gradually increasing from at 443 °C to 0.18 Ω−1cm−1 at 754 °C; there is no discontinuity in this increase through the melting point. The dielectric constant of LiH decreases from 13.0 (static, low frequencies) to 3.6 (visible-light frequencies). LiH is a soft material with a Mohs hardness of 3.5. Its compressive creep (per 100 hours) rapidly increases from 100% at 475 °C, meaning tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrogen Compounds
The chemical element nitrogen is one of the most abundant elements in the universe and can form many compounds. It can take several oxidation states; but the most oxidation states are -3 and +3. Nitrogen can form nitride and nitrate ions. It also forms a part of nitric acid and nitrate salts. Nitrogen compounds also have an important role in organic chemistry, as nitrogen is part of proteins, amino acids and adenosine triphosphate. Dinitrogen complexes The first example of a dinitrogen complex to be discovered was u(NH3)5(N2)sup>2+ (see figure at right), and soon many other such complexes were discovered. These complexes, in which a nitrogen molecule donates at least one lone pair of electrons to a central metal cation, illustrate how N2 might bind to the metal(s) in nitrogenase and the catalyst for the Haber process: these processes involving dinitrogen activation are vitally important in biology and in the production of fertilisers. Dinitrogen is able to coordinate to metals i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heptasulfur Imide
Heptasulfur imide is the inorganic compound with the formula . It is a pale yellow solid that is, like elemental sulfur, highly soluble in carbon disulfide. The compound, which is only of academic interest, is representative of a family of sulfur imides . Synthesis and structure It is prepared by reaction of disulfur dichloride with ammonia, although other methods have been developed. Together with , the reaction also produces three isomers of and two isomers of . It is an analogue of octasulfur Octasulfur is an inorganic substance with the chemical formula . It is an odourless and tasteless yellow solid, and is a major industrial chemical. It is the most common allotrope of sulfur and occurs widely in nature.Steudel, R., "Homocyclic Sul ... (cyclooctasulfane) , with one –S– replaced by –N(–H)–. The center is almost planar,Hecht, H. J.; Reinhardt, R.; Steudel, R.; Bradaczek, H. "Redetermination of the crystal and molecular structure of heptasulfur imide, S7NH" Zeit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sulfur Diimide
Sulfur diimides are chemical compounds of the formula S(NR)2. Structurally, they are the diimine of sulfur dioxide. The parent member, S(NH)2, is of only theoretical interest. Other derivatives where R is an organic group are stable and useful reagents. Organic derivatives A particularly stable derivative is di- ''t''-butylsulfurdiimide.Kresze, G.; Wucherpfennig, W., "Organic synthesis with imides of sulfur dioxide", Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1967, volume 6, 149-167. It is prepared by reaction of ''tert''-butylamine with sulfur dichloride to give the intermediate "S(N-''t''-Bu)", which decomposes at 60 °C to give the diimide. A second route to sulfur diimides involve treatment of sulfur tetrafluoride with amines. A third route involves transimidation of disulfonylsulfodiimide: :S(NSO2Ph)2 + 2 RNH2 → S(NR)2 + 2 PhSO2NH2 ''N'',''N-Bis(methoxycarbonyl)sulfur diimide (MeO2C-N=S=N-CO2Me) is obtained from methyl carbamate. Structure, bonding, reactions These com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitroxyl
Nitroxyl (common name) or azanone (IUPAC name) is the chemical compound HNO. It is well known in the gas phase. Nitroxyl can be formed as a short-lived intermediate in the solution phase. The conjugate base, NO−, nitroxide anion, is the redox reaction, reduced form of nitric oxide (NO) and is isoelectronic with dioxygen. The bond dissociation energy of H−NO is , which is unusually weak for a bond to the hydrogen atom. Generation Nitroxyl is produced from the reagents Angeli's salt (Na2N2O3) and Piloty's acid (PhSO2NHOH). Other notable studies on the production of HNO exploit cycloadducts of acyl nitroso species, which are known to decompose via hydrolysis to HNO and acyl acid. Upon photodissociation, photolysis these compounds release the acyl nitroso species which then further decompose. HNO is generated via organic oxidation of oxime, cyclohexanone oxime with lead tetraacetate to form 1-nitrosocyclohexyl acetate: : This compound can be hydrolyzed under base (chemistry), bas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydridonitrides
In chemistry, a hydridonitride (nitridohydride, nitride hydride, or hydride nitride) is a chemical compound that contains hydride () and nitride () ions in a single phase. These inorganic compounds are distinct from inorganic amides and imides as the hydrogen does not share a bond with nitrogen, and contain a larger proportion of metals. Structure The hydride ion H− is stabilised by being surrounded by electropositive elements such as alkalis or alkaline earths. Quaternary compounds exist where nitrogen forms a complex with bonds to a transition or main group element. The hydride requires the presence of another alkaline earth element. Production Hydridonitrides may be produced by a process called self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) where a metal nitride is ignited in a hydrogen atmosphere. A metal (Ti, Zr, Hf, Y) can also be ignited in an atmosphere mixing hydrogen and nitrogen, and a hydridonitride is formed exothermicly. The molten metal flux technique invol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydrogen Economy
The hydrogen economy is using hydrogen to decarbonize economic sectors which are hard to electrify, essentially, the "hard-to-abate" sectors such as cement, steel, long-haul transport etc. In order to phase out fossil fuels and limit climate change, hydrogen can be created from water using renewable sources such as wind and solar, and its combustion only releases water vapor to the atmosphere. Hydrogen is an energetic fuel, frequently used as rocket fuel, but numerous technical challenges prevent the creation of a large-scale hydrogen economy. These include the difficulty of developing long-term storage, pipelines and engine equipment; a relative lack of off-the-shelf engine technology that can currently run safely on hydrogen; safety concerns regarding the high reactivity of hydrogen fuel with oxygen in ambient air; the expense of producing it by electrolysis; and a lack of efficient photochemical water splitting technology. Hydrogen can also react in a fuel cell, which effic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ammonia
Ammonia is an inorganic compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula . A stable binary hydride, and the simplest pnictogen hydride, ammonia is a colourless gas with a distinct pungent smell. Biologically, it is a common nitrogenous waste, particularly among aquatic organisms, and it contributes significantly to the nutritional needs of terrestrial organisms by serving as a precursor to 45% of the world's food and fertilizers. Around 70% of ammonia is used to make fertilisers in various forms and composition, such as urea and Diammonium phosphate. Ammonia in pure form is also applied directly into the soil. Ammonia, either directly or indirectly, is also a building block for the synthesis of many pharmaceutical products and is used in many commercial cleaning products. It is mainly collected by downward displacement of both air and water. Although common in nature—both terrestrially and in the outer planets of the Solar System—and in wide use, ammonia is both caust ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithium Amide
Lithium amide or lithium azanide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula . It is a white solid with a tetragonal crystal structure. Lithium amide can be made by treating lithium metal with liquid ammonia: : Other lithium amides The conjugate bases of amines are known as amides. Thus, a ''lithium amide'' may also refer to any compound in the class of the lithium salt of an amine. These compounds have the general form , with the chemical lithium amide itself as the parent structure. Common lithium amides include lithium diisopropylamide (LDA), lithium tetramethylpiperidide (LiTMP), and lithium hexamethyldisilazide (LiHMDS). They are produced by the reaction of Li metal with the appropriate amine: : Lithium amides are very reactive compounds. Specifically, they are strong bases. Examples Lithium tetramethylpiperidide has been crystallised as a tetramer. On the other hand, the lithium derivative of bis(1-phenylethyl)amine crystallises as a trimer: It is also possibl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hydrogen
Hydrogen is the chemical element with the symbol H and atomic number 1. Hydrogen is the lightest element. At standard conditions hydrogen is a gas of diatomic molecules having the formula . It is colorless, odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, and highly combustible. Hydrogen is the most abundant chemical substance in the universe, constituting roughly 75% of all normal matter.However, most of the universe's mass is not in the form of baryons or chemical elements. See dark matter and dark energy. Stars such as the Sun are mainly composed of hydrogen in the plasma state. Most of the hydrogen on Earth exists in molecular forms such as water and organic compounds. For the most common isotope of hydrogen (symbol 1H) each atom has one proton, one electron, and no neutrons. In the early universe, the formation of protons, the nuclei of hydrogen, occurred during the first second after the Big Bang. The emergence of neutral hydrogen atoms throughout the universe occurred about 370,000 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lithium Imide
Lithium imide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula . This white solid can be formed by a reaction between lithium amide and lithium hydride. : LiNH2 + LiH → Li2NH + H2 The product is light-sensitive and can undergo disproportionation to form lithium nitride, which is characteristically red. :2 Li2NH → LiNH2 + Li3N Lithium imide is thought to have a simple face-centered cubic structure with a Fmm space group; with N-H bond distances of 0.82(6) Å and a H–N–H bond angle of 109.5°, giving it a similar structure to lithium amide. Lithium imide is strongly basic and deprotonates even some extremely weak acids such as methane and ammonia Ammonia is an inorganic compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula . A stable binary hydride, and the simplest pnictogen hydride, ammonia is a colourless gas with a distinct pungent smell. Biologically, it is a common nitrogenous wa ..., due to the very localized negative charge on the nitrogen, which carries t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
-3D-balls.png "Click for more on -> Ammonia")
