In Re Roberts

	In Re Roberts ''Repington v Roberts-Gawen'' (1881–82) LR 19 Ch D 520 is a leading English trust law case, concerning the requirement of intention to create a trust, and the requisite level of Certainty in English law, certainty in the beneficiaries. Facts Miss Roberts’ will said her bank annuities worth £8753, 5 shillings were to go on trust, “for life unto any immediate or direct descendants of my said brother or nephew who shall bear the name of Roberts-Gawen only, and from and after his or her decease, or in case of failure of any such immediate or direct descendant of my said brother or nephew who shall bear the name of Roberts-Gawen only,” upon trust for certain specified charitable societies. That was her brother’s new last name, who had an insane son and a daughter. The daughter had adopted her husband's name, and together they had a son (Miss Roberts' grand-nephew). By royal licence the grand-nephew assumed the name Roberts-Gawen. Then there were no other descendants. The que ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	English Trust Law English trust law concerns the protection of assets, usually when they are held by one party for another's benefit. Trusts were a creation of the English law of property and obligations, and share a subsequent history with countries across the Commonwealth and the United States. Trusts developed when claimants in property disputes were dissatisfied with the common law courts and petitioned the King for a just and equitable result. On the King's behalf, the Lord Chancellor developed a parallel justice system in the Court of Chancery, commonly referred as equity. Historically, trusts have mostly been used where people have left money in a will, or created family settlements, charities, or some types of business venture. After the Judicature Act 1873, England's courts of equity and common law were merged, and equitable principles took precedence. Today, trusts play an important role in financial investment, especially in unit trusts and in pension trusts (where trustees and f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Certainty In English Law Certainty in English law sets out rules for how judges will interpret, sever or put English contract law, contracts, English trust law, trusts and other voluntary obligations into effect. If the terms of the contract are uncertain or incomplete, the parties cannot have reached an agreement in the eyes of the law. An agreement to agree does not constitute a contract, and an inability to agree on key issues, which may include such things as Contract price, price or safety, may cause the entire contract to fail. However, a court will attempt to give effect to commercial contracts where possible, by construing a reasonable construction of the contract. Courts may also look to external standards, which are either mentioned explicitly in the contract or implied by common practice in a certain field. In addition, the court may also imply a term; if price is excluded, the court may imply a reasonable price, with the exception of land, and second-hand goods, which are unique. If there are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Charles Hall (vice-chancellor) Sir Charles Hall (1814–1883) was an English barrister and judge, who became Vice-Chancellor of England. Life The fourth son of John Hall of Manchester and Mary, daughter of John Dobson of Durham, he was born on 14 April 1814. His father, after financial losses by a bank failure, articled him to a solicitor in Manchester. In 1835 he entered the Middle Temple, and read for the bar successively with William Taprell the special pleader, James Russell of the chancery bar, and Lewis Duval the conveyancer. At the end of his year as a pupil he became Duval's principal assistant. In time Hall succeeded to the bulk of Duval's practice, and through his wife inherited much of his fortune; and lived for the rest of his life in Duval's house, almost certainly 8 Orme Square although sometimes referred to as 8 Bayswater Hill. During the next twenty years he became the recognised leader of the junior chancery bar, and the first authority of his day on real property law. Having been called to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	George Jessel (jurist) Sir George Jessel, (13 February 1824 – 21 March 1883) was a British judge. He was one of the most influential commercial law and equity judges of his time, and served as the Master of the Rolls. He was the first Jew to be a regular member of the Privy Council and to hold high judicial office. Early life and education Born in Savile Row, London, Jessel was the son of Zadok Aaron Jessel, a Jewish merchant, and his wife Mary, ''née'' Harris. He was educated at Mr Neumegen's School for Jews at Kew, and being prevented by religious disabilities from proceeding to the University of Oxford or Cambridge, went to University College London, matriculating in 1840. He entered Lincoln's Inn as a student in 1842, and a year later took his BA at the University of London, becoming MA and gold medallist in mathematics and natural philosophy in 1844. In 1846 he was elected a fellow of University College, London. He entered Lincoln's Inn in 1842 as a student and was called to the bar in 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Pillow A pillow is a support of the body at rest for comfort, therapy, or decoration. Pillows are used in different variations by many species, including humans. Some types of pillows include throw pillows, body pillows, decorative pillows, and many more. Pillows that aid sleeping are a form of bedding that supports the head and neck. Other types of pillows are designed to support the body when lying down or sitting. There are also pillows that consider human body shape for increased comfort during sleep. Decorative pillows used on people, couches or chairs are sometimes referred to as cushions. In contemporary western culture, pillows consist of a plain or patterned fabric envelope (known as a pillowcase) which contains a soft stuffing, typically synthetic and typically standardized in sizes and shape. Pillows have been historically made of a variety of natural materials and many cultures continue to use pillows made from natural materials in the world. The word ''pillow'' comes f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	English Trusts Case Law English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England English national identity, an identity and common culture English language in England, a variant of the English language spoken in England * English languages (other) * English studies, the study of English language and literature * ''English'', an Amish term for non-Amish, regardless of ethnicity Individuals * English (surname), a list of notable people with the surname ''English'' * People with the given name English McConnell (1882–1928), Irish footballer English Fisher (1928–2011), American boxing coach ** English Gardner (b. 1992), American track and field sprinter Places United States * English, Indiana, a town * English, Kentucky, an unincorporated community * English, Brazoria County, Texas, an unincorporated community * Eng ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Court Of Appeal (England And Wales) Cases A court of appeals, also called a court of appeal, appellate court, appeal court, court of second instance or second instance court, is any court of law that is empowered to hear an appeal of a trial court or other lower tribunal. In much of the world, court systems are divided into at least three levels: the trial court, which initially hears cases and reviews evidence and testimony to determine the facts of the case; at least one intermediate appellate court; and a supreme court (or court of last resort) which primarily reviews the decisions of the intermediate courts, often on a discretionary basis. A particular court system's supreme court is its highest appellate court. Appellate courts nationwide can operate under varying rules. Under its standard of review, an appellate court decides the extent of the deference it would give to the lower court's decision, based on whether the appeal were one of fact or of law. In reviewing an issue of fact, an appellate court ordinar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	1882 In Case Law Year 188 (CLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known in the Roman Empire as the Year of the Consulship of Fuscianus and Silanus (or, less frequently, year 941 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 188 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Pertinax, Publius Helvius Pertinax becomes pro-consul of Africa (Roman province), Africa from 188 to 189. Japan * Queen Himiko (queen), Himiko (or Shingi Waō) begins her reign in Japan (until 248). Births * April 4 – Caracalla (or Antoninus), Roman emperor (d. 217) * Lu Ji (Gongji), Lu Ji (or Gongji), Chinese official and politician (d. 219) * Sun Shao (general), Sun Shao, Chinese general of the Eastern Wu state (d. 241) Deaths * March 17 – Pope Julian of Alexandria, Julian, pope and patriarch of Alexandria * Fa Zhen (or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]