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Iglesias, Sardinia
Iglesias (, ; from ; sc, Igrèsias) is a ''comune'' and city in the province of South Sardinia, Italy. It was co-capital of the province of Carbonia-Iglesias with Carbonia, and the province's second-largest community. Under Spanish control Iglesias was one of the most important royal cities on Sardinia, and it is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Iglesias. At an elevation of in the hills of southwestern Sardinia, it was the centre of a mining district from which lead, zinc, and silver were extracted. Iglesias was also a centre for the distillation of sulfuric acid. History Prehistory and ancient history The area around present-day Iglesias was inhabited in prehistory, with the oldest traces of human settlement dating to the Neolithic. The fourth-millennium-BC domus de Janas, attributed to the Ozieri culture, were discovered in the mountainous region of San Benedetto. Other pre-Nuragic finds attributed to the Monte Claro, Bell Beaker and Bonnanaro cultures were discov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Province Of South Sardinia
The Province of South Sardinia ( it, provincia del Sud Sardegna; sc, provìntzia de Sud Sardigna) is an Italian province of Sardinia instituted on 4 February 2016. It includes the suppressed provinces of Province of Carbonia-Iglesias, Carbonia-Iglesias and Province of Medio Campidano, Medio Campidano, a large part of the old Province of Cagliari (without the 17 municipalities of the new Metropolitan City of Cagliari, Metropolitan City), and two other municipalities.The new province of South Sardinia (Sardinian regional council) History South Sardinia was instituted as a result of the law reforming provinces in Sardinia (Regional Law 2/2016). Once operational, it will include most of the geographic region of Campidano, the Sarrabus-Gerrei, the T ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pre-Nuragic Sardinia
The Pre-Nuragic period refers to the prehistory of Sardinia from the Paleolithic until the middle Bronze Age, when the Nuragic civilization flourished on the island. Paleolithic The discovery of Paleolithic lithic workshops indicate a human presence in Sardinia in the period between 450,000 and 10,000 years ago. According to the researchers, a hominid nicknamed "Nur" was the first to colonize the current territory of the island about 250,000 years ago, in the Lower Paleolithic; based on studies of a phalanx found in the Nùrighe caves of Cheremule, the researchers supposed that he may have been a pre-Neanderthal, but some have expressed doubts, assuming a morphological distance from hominids. During the last ice age sea levels were lower by about 130 meters; at that time Sardinia and Corsica formed a single large island, separated from Tuscany only by a narrow arm of sea. The oldest remains of ''Homo sapiens'' in Sardinia date back to the Upper Paleolithic; their tracks ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cixerri
The Cixerri () is an Italian river in southern Sardinia province of Cagliari.''The Times'' (2003), ''Comprehensive Atlas of the World'' Eleventh Edition, Times Books, Plate 77 (C9). It springs from Monte Croccoriga, at above sea level, in the province of South Sardinia. The river flows into a lake north of Iglesias and then exits the lake and flows eastward. The river is joined by a tributary north of Villamassargia and south of Musei before entering the province of Cagliari. The river flows past Siliqua and is joined by another tributary from the south. Finally, the river enters the Stagno di Cagliari close to the mouth of the Flumini Mannu near Assemini Assemini (; sc, Assèmini ) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Cagliari in the Italian region Sardinia, located about northwest of Cagliari in the plain of the Cixerri, Flumini Mannu and Sa Nuxedda rivers. It includes not .... References Rivers of Italy Rivers of Sardinia Rivers of the Province ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Della Gherardesca Family
The House della Gherardesca was an old noble family of the Republic of Pisa, dating back as early as the 11th century of Longobard origin. They were an important one of the most prominent initially in Pisa, then of Volterra and eventually and of Florence. They were of Ghibelline sympathies and held the county of Donoratico. Story Constantine I of Gallura may have been a member of the family, ruling Gallura on behalf of the Archdiocese of Pisa. The_Gherardeschi_had_a_rivalry_with_the_Visconti_of_Pisa.html" "title="717, Pisan">708, Pisan); on 30–31 July 1716 [1717, Pisan and on 31 J .... The Gherardeschi had a rivalry with the Visconti of Pisa">House of Visconti, another Ghibelline family of Pisa. In 1237, the Archbishop and the Emperor Frederick II intervened in Pisa to reconcile the two rivals, but failed. In 1254, the citizenry rebelled and imposed twelve ''Anziani del Popolo'' ("Elders of the People") as their political representatives. Early on in the century, the Gherard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Curatoria
The Judicates (, or in Sardinian, in Latin, or in Italian), in English also referred to as Sardinian Kingdoms, Sardinian Judgedoms or Judicatures, were independent states that took power in Sardinia in the Middle Ages, between the ninth and fifteenth centuries. They were sovereign states with '' summa potestas'', each with a ruler called judge ( in Sardinian), with the powers of a king. Historical causes of the advent of the kingdoms After a relatively brief Vandal occupation (456–534), Sardinia was a province of the Byzantine Empire from 535 until the eighth century. After 705, with the rapid Arab expansion, Saracen pirates from North Africa began to raid the island and encountered no effective opposition by the Byzantine army. In 815, Sardinian ambassadors requested military assistance from the Carolingian Emperor Louis the Pious. In 807, 810–812, and 821–822 the Arabs of Spain and North Africa tried to invade the island but the Sardinians resisted several atta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judicate Of Cagliari
The Judicate of Cagliari ( sc, Judicadu de Càralis / Càlaris, it, Giudicato di Cagliari) was one of the four Sardinian ''judicates'' of the Middle Ages, kingdoms of Byzantine origins. The Judicate of Cagliari covered the entire south and central east portion of the island and was composed of thirteen subdivisions called . To its north and west lay Arborea and north and on the east lay Gallura and Logudoro. Origins and extent The exact date of birth of the Judicate of Cagliari is unknown. After the Byzantine conquest of Sardinia, that took place in 534, the island became one of the provinces of the Exarchate of Africa and was governed by a magistrate of the empire said ''Iudex Provinciae'', resident in Cagliari. Until the beginning of the 8th century, Sardinia remained a Byzantine province, but when the Arabs conquered Sicily (827), communications between Byzantium and its westernmost province became very difficult. In such situation the island, that had to face several Saracen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire primarily in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinople. It survived the fragmentation and fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD and continued to exist for an additional thousand years until the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire in 1453. During most of its existence, the empire remained the most powerful economic, cultural, and military force in Europe. The terms "Byzantine Empire" and "Eastern Roman Empire" were coined after the end of the realm; its citizens continued to refer to their empire as the Roman Empire, and to themselves as Romans—a term which Greeks continued to use for themselves into Ottoman times. Although the Roman state continued and its traditions were maintained, modern historians prefer to differentiate the Byzantine Empire from Ancient Rome ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fluminimaggiore
Fluminimaggiore (''Frùmini Majori'' or ''Flùmini Majori'' in Sardinian language) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of South Sardinia in the Italian region Sardinia, located about northwest of Cagliari and about north of Carbonia. Fluminimaggiore borders the following municipalities: Arbus, Buggerru, Domusnovas, Gonnosfanadiga, Iglesias. The Temple of Antas is located in the Fluminimaggiore territory. There are several museums in the town, including a paleontology Paleontology (), also spelled palaeontology or palæontology, is the scientific study of life that existed prior to, and sometimes including, the start of the Holocene epoch (roughly 11,700 years before present). It includes the study of fossi ... museum. ...
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Metalla
Metalla was a Roman mining center located in the Iglesiente region of Sardinia entrusted to a ''procurator metallorum'' where were destined Christians and slaves condemned to forced labor. Mentioned in ancient sources, it hosted a thermal building with mosaic floors and a public clock. Here passed the last stretch of the road form Tibulas Sulcis up to Sulci. In the sources would be recognized in ''Sardiparias'', the ''Sartiparias'' of the Ravenna Cosmography and the ''Sardopatoris Forum'' of Ptolemy Claudius Ptolemy (; grc-gre, Πτολεμαῖος, ; la, Claudius Ptolemaeus; AD) was a mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, and music theorist, who wrote about a dozen scientific treatises, three of which were of importanc .... Bibliography * Mattia Sanna Montanelli, Εἰς μέταλλον Σαρδονίας. Metalla ''ed il Sulcis Iglesiente prima della'' pax ''costantinianain XI Congresso Nazionale di Archeologia Cristiana - Isole e terraferma nel primo cr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancient Rome
In modern historiography, ancient Rome refers to Roman civilisation from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. It encompasses the Roman Kingdom (753–509 BC), Roman Republic (509–27 BC) and Roman Empire (27 BC–476 AD) until the fall of the western empire. Ancient Rome began as an Italic settlement, traditionally dated to 753 BC, beside the River Tiber in the Italian Peninsula. The settlement grew into the city and polity of Rome, and came to control its neighbours through a combination of treaties and military strength. It eventually dominated the Italian Peninsula, assimilated the Greek culture of southern Italy ( Magna Grecia) and the Etruscan culture and acquired an Empire that took in much of Europe and the lands and peoples surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. It was among the largest empires in the ancient world, with an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants, roughly 20% of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Punics
The Punic people, or western Phoenicians, were a Semitic people in the Western Mediterranean who migrated from Tyre, Phoenicia to North Africa during the Early Iron Age. In modern scholarship, the term ''Punic'' – the Latin equivalent of the Greek-derived term ''Phoenician'' – is exclusively used to refer to Phoenicians in the western Mediterranean, following the line of the Greek East and Latin West. The largest Punic settlement was Ancient Carthage (essentially modern Tunis), but there were 300 other settlements along the North African coast from Leptis Magna in modern Libya to Mogador in southern Morocco, as well as western Sicily, southern Sardinia, the southern and western coasts of the Iberian Peninsula, Malta, and Ibiza. Their language, Punic, was a dialect of Phoenician, one of the Northwest Semitic languages originating in the Levant. Literary sources report two moments of Tyrian settlements in the west, the first in the 12th century BCE (the cities Utica, Lix ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nuraghe
The nuraghe (, ; plural: Logudorese Sardinian , Campidanese Sardinian , Italian ), or also nurhag in English, is the main type of ancient megalithic edifice found in Sardinia, developed during the Nuragic Age between 1900 and 730 B.C. Today it has come to be the symbol of Sardinia and its distinctive culture known as the Nuragic civilization. More than 7,000 nuraghes have been found, though archeologists believe that originally there were more than 10,000. Etymology According to the ''Oxford English Dictionary'' the etymology is "uncertain and disputed": "The word is perhaps related to the Sardinian place names ''Nurra'', ''Nurri'', ''Nurru'', and to Sardinian ''nurra'' 'heap of stones, cavity in earth' (although these senses are difficult to reconcile). A connection with the Semitic base of Arabic ''nūr'' 'light, fire, etc.' is now generally rejected." The Latin word ''murus'' ('wall') may be related to it, being a result of the derivation: ''murus''–''*muraghe''–n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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