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I Riigikogu
I Riigikogu was the first legislature of the Estonian Parliament (Riigikogu). The legislature was elected after 1920 elections (held on 27–29 November 1920). It sat between 20 December 1920 and 30 May 1923, before the next round of elections were held. Parties and seats The 1920 general election distributed the 100 seats as follows: Officials Chairmen: * Otto Strandman (4 January 1921 to 18 November 1921)"I Riigikogu, 20.12.1920–30.05.1923" , '''' n Estonian Retrieved 24 January 2018. * |
Riigikogu
The Riigikogu (; from Estonian ''riigi-'', of the state, and ''kogu'', assembly) is the unicameral parliament of Estonia. In addition to approving legislation, the Parliament appoints high officials, including the Prime Minister and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, and elects (either alone or, if necessary, together with representatives of local government within a broader electoral college) the President. The ''Riigikogu'' also ratifies significant foreign treaties that impose military and proprietary obligations, bring about changes in the law, etc.; approves the budget presented by the government as law and monitors the executive power. History History April 23, 1919, the opening session of the Estonian Constituent Assembly is considered the founding date of the Parliament of Estonia. Established under the 1920 constitution, the Riigikogu had 100 members elected for a three year term on the basis of proportional representation. Elections were fixed for the first Sunda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dieter Nohlen
Dieter Nohlen (born 6 November 1939) is a German academic and political scientist. He currently holds the position of Emeritus Professor of Political Science in the Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences of the University of Heidelberg. An expert on electoral system An electoral system or voting system is a set of rules that determine how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined. Electoral systems are used in politics to elect governments, while non-political elections ma ...s and political development, he has published several books. IDEA Bibliography Books published by Nohlen include: *''Electoral systems of the world'' (in German, 1978) *''Lexicon of politics'' (seven volumes) *''Elections and Electoral Systems'' (1996) *''Electi ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaan-Johann Bergmann
Jaan-Johann Bergmann (31 January 1867 Elistvere Parish (now Tartu Parish), Kreis Dorpat – 30 September 1938 Tallinn) was an Estonian politician. He was a member of I Riigikogu I Riigikogu was the first legislature of the Estonian Parliament (Riigikogu). The legislature was elected after 1920 elections (held on 27–29 November 1920). It sat between 20 December 1920 and 30 May 1923, before the next round of elections w ..., and from 4 January 1921 to 30 May 1923 was its First Assistant Secretary. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Bergmann, Jaan-Johann 1867 births 1938 deaths People from Tartu Parish People from Kreis Dorpat Christian People's Party (Estonia) politicians Members of the Riigikogu, 1920–1923 Members of the Riigikogu, 1923–1926 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tõnis Kalbus
Tõnis Kalbus (also Tõnu Kalbus; 5 December 1880, Tori Parish – 20 March 1942 Sosva, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russian SFSR) was an Estonian lawyer and politician. From 1925 to 1926 he was Minister of Justice. From 1928 to 1930 he was Minister of Justice and Minister of Internal Affairs. Following the Soviet occupation of Estonia in 1940, Kalbus was arrested by the NKVD and deported to Sverdlovsk Oblast and died Sosva gulag The Gulag, an acronym for , , "chief administration of the camps". The original name given to the system of camps controlled by the GPU was the Main Administration of Corrective Labor Camps (, )., name=, group= was the government agency in ... camp. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Kalbus, Tonis 1880 births 1942 deaths People from Tori Parish People from Kreis Pernau Estonian Labour Party politicians National Centre Party (Estonia) politicians Government ministers of Estonia Justice ministers of Estonia Members of the Estonian Constituent Assembly Me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Artur Tupits
Artur Tupits (8 October 1892 Puurmani Parish (now Põltsamaa Parish), Kreis Dorpat – 28 October 1941 Ussolye prison camp, Perm Oblast, Russian SFSR) was an Estonian politician. He was a member of I Riigikogu. 1932–1933, 1938–1939 and 1939–1940 he was Minister of Agriculture An agriculture ministry (also called an) agriculture department, agriculture board, agriculture council, or agriculture agency, or ministry of rural development) is a ministry charged with agriculture. The ministry is often headed by a minister f .... References {{DEFAULTSORT:Tupits, Artur 1892 births 1941 deaths People from Põltsamaa Parish People from Kreis Dorpat Estonian Lutherans Farmers' Assemblies politicians Patriotic League (Estonia) politicians Agriculture ministers of Estonia Members of the Riigikogu, 1920–1923 Members of the Riigikogu, 1923–1926 Members of the Riigikogu, 1926–1929 Members of the Riigikogu, 1929–1932 Members of the Riigikogu, 1932–1934 Members ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
August Kerem
August Kerem (11 October 1889 – 28 May 1942 Sosva, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russian SFSR) was an Estonia Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, a ...n politician. He was a member of I Riigikogu. Political offices: * 1920 Minister of Agriculture * 1923–1925 Minister of Agriculture * 1929–1931 Minister of Agriculture * 1926–1928 Minister of Communications * 1931–1932 Minister of Defence * 1932–1933 Minister of Defence References {{DEFAULTSORT:Kerem, August 1889 births 1942 deaths People from Valga Parish People from Kreis Werro Estonian People's Party politicians National Centre Party (Estonia) politicians Defence Ministers of Estonia Agriculture ministers of Estonia Government ministers of Estonia Members of the Riigikogu, 1920–1923 Members of the Riig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jaan Järve
Jaan Järve (7 October 1894 Puhja, Kreis Dorpat – 13 February 1945 Freudenstadt, Germany) was an Estonian politician. He was a member of I Riigikogu. In 1921, Järve was the Second Assistant Chairmen of I Riigikogu. In 1944, he fled to Germany during the Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...; he was killed in an air raid in February 1945 aged 50. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Jarve, Jaan 1894 births 1945 deaths People from Elva Parish People from Kreis Dorpat Estonian Lutheran clergy Estonian People's Party politicians Christian People's Party (Estonia) politicians National Centre Party (Estonia) politicians Members of the Estonian Constituent Assembly Members of the Riigikogu, 1920–1923 Members of the Riigikogu, 1929–1932 Members of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karl Virma
Karl Johannes Virma (17 March 1879 Tallinn – 19 November 1942 Kirov Oblast) was an Estonian politician. He was a member of the I, II and III Riigikogu. 1924-1925 he was Road Minister. On 14 June 1941, Virma was arrested in Tallinn by the NKVD following the Soviet occupation of Estonia. He was placed within the Soviet Gulag The Gulag, an acronym for , , "chief administration of the camps". The original name given to the system of camps controlled by the GPU was the Main Administration of Corrective Labor Camps (, )., name=, group= was the government agency in ... camp system and died on 19 November 1941. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Virma, Karl Johannes 1879 births 1942 deaths Politicians from Tallinn People from Kreis Harrien Estonian Social Democratic Workers' Party politicians Estonian Socialist Workers' Party politicians Government ministers of Estonia Members of the Estonian Provincial Assembly Members of the Estonian Constituent Assembly Members of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konstantin Päts
Konstantin Päts (; – 18 January 1956) was an Estonian statesman and the country's president in 1938–1940. Päts was one of the most influential politicians of the independent democratic Republic of Estonia, and during the two decades prior to World War II he also served five times as the country's prime minister. Päts was one of the first Estonians to become active in politics and started an almost 40-year political rivalry with Jaan Tõnisson, first through journalism with his newspaper '' Teataja'', later through politics. Päts was sentenced to death (in absentia) during the Russian Revolution of 1905, but managed to flee the country first to Switzerland, then to Finland, where he continued his literary work. He returned to Estonia (then part of the Russian Empire), but had to spend time in prison in 1910–1911. In 1917, Päts headed the provincial government of the Autonomous Governorate of Estonia, but was forced to go underground after the Bolshevik coup in No ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Kukk
Juhan (Johann) Kukk VR III/1 ( in Käru, Salla Parish (now in Väike-Maarja Parish), Wierland County, Governorate of Estonia – 4 December 1942 in Kargopol, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Soviet Union) was an Estonian politician. Kukk finished the Tartu High School of Sciences, studied in the Commerce Department of the Riga Polytechnical School in 1904–1910 and got additional education in Germany, graduated with the diploma of first degree. In 1917–1918 Kukk was head of the financial department of the Estonian Province Government (Maapäev), 1918–1919 Financial and State Property Minister of the Estonian Provisional Government, 1919–1920 Minister of Finance of the Republic of Estonia, 1920–1921 Minister of Commerce and Industry, from 18 November 1921 to 22 November 1922 Speaker of the I Riigikogu, 1922–1924 Director of the Bank of Estonia. He was member of the I and II Riigikogu, in 1920–1926. From November 1922 to August 1923 Kukk was Head of State. Kukk was active promot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Library Of Estonia
The National Library of Estonia ( et, Eesti Rahvusraamatukogu) is a national public institution in Estonia, which operates pursuant to the National Library of Estonia Act (). It was established as the parliamentary library () of Estonia on December 21, 1918. According to the act, the National Library of Estonia is the custodian of Estonian national memory and heritage, and acts as the repository centre of the Estonian literature and national bibliography, the main information provider for the Estonian parliament and many other constitutional institutions, a national centre of library and information sciences, a site for the continuing education of librarians, and also as a cultural centre. Since September 16, 2008, the director general of the National Library is . Functions The National Library of Estonia is: * a national library, collecting, storing and making publicly accessible the documents published in Estonia or about Estonia, regardless of their place of publication, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otto Strandman
Otto August Strandman ( – 5 February 1941) was an Estonian politician, who served as prime minister (1919) and State Elder of Estonia (1929–1931). He was one of the leaders of the centre-left Estonian Labour Party, that saw its biggest support after the 1919 and 1920 elections. Strandman was a key figure in composing the radical land reform law and the 1920 Constitution. He also served as Minister of Agriculture (1918–1919), Minister of Justice (acting 1918; 1920–1921), Minister of Finance (1924), Minister of Foreign Affairs (1918, 1920–1921 and 1924) and Minister of War (1919). While he was holding the office of the Minister of Finance, he stabilized the economy and managed to avoid hyperinflation. Strandman served as the speaker of the Estonian Provincial Assembly in 1917–1918, and as speaker of the newly independent country's parliament (''Riigikogu'') in 1921. He was also a diplomat, serving as the Estonian envoy in Warsaw, Poland (1927–1929), and in Paris, F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
