IUoU Battery Charging
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IUoU Battery Charging
IUoU is a DIN-designation (DIN 41773) for a lead-acid battery charging procedure that is also known as ''3-stage charging'', ''3-phase charging'', or ''3-step charging''. It consists of three phases (or stages), to be executed by a battery charger. The three phases are: ''I-phase'' (constant electric current), ''Uo-phase'' (constant over-voltage Voltage, also known as electric pressure, electric tension, or (electric) potential difference, is the difference in electric potential between two points. In a static electric field, it corresponds to the work needed per unit of charge to m ...), and ''U-phase'' (constant voltage). The purpose is to fully charge the battery in a relatively short time without reducing its life span and to keep the battery charged indefinitely as long as the charger is connected. Stages Stage 1 is called the ''I-phase'', ''constant-current stage'', or ''bulk charge stage''. This phase occurs when an IUoU charger is connected to a deeply discharged ...
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Alternating Current
Alternating current (AC) is an electric current which periodically reverses direction and changes its magnitude continuously with time in contrast to direct current (DC) which flows only in one direction. Alternating current is the form in which electric power is delivered to businesses and residences, and it is the form of electrical energy that consumers typically use when they plug kitchen appliances, televisions, fans and electric lamps into a wall socket. A common source of DC power is a battery cell in a flashlight. The abbreviations ''AC'' and ''DC'' are often used to mean simply ''alternating'' and ''direct'', as when they modify ''current'' or ''voltage''. The usual waveform of alternating current in most electric power circuits is a sine wave, whose positive half-period corresponds with positive direction of the current and vice versa. In certain applications, like guitar amplifiers, different waveforms are used, such as triangular waves or square waves. Audio a ...
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IUoU Charging Graph
IUoU is a DIN-designation (DIN 41773) for a lead-acid battery charging procedure that is also known as ''3-stage charging'', ''3-phase charging'', or ''3-step charging''. It consists of three phases (or stages), to be executed by a battery charger. The three phases are: ''I-phase'' (constant electric current), ''Uo-phase'' (constant over-voltage Voltage, also known as electric pressure, electric tension, or (electric) potential difference, is the difference in electric potential between two points. In a static electric field, it corresponds to the work needed per unit of charge to m ...), and ''U-phase'' (constant voltage). The purpose is to fully charge the battery in a relatively short time without reducing its life span and to keep the battery charged indefinitely as long as the charger is connected. Stages Stage 1 is called the ''I-phase'', ''constant-current stage'', or ''bulk charge stage''. This phase occurs when an IUoU charger is connected to a deeply discharged ...
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Battery Charger
A battery charger, recharger, or simply charger is a device that stores energy in a battery by running an electric current through it. The charging protocol (how much voltage or current for how long, and what to do when charging is complete) depends on the size and type of the battery being charged. Some battery types have high tolerance for overcharging (i.e., continued charging after the battery has been fully charged) and can be recharged by connection to a constant voltage source or a constant current source, depending on battery type. Simple chargers of this type must be manually disconnected at the end of the charge cycle. Other battery types use a timer to cut off when charging should be complete. Other battery types cannot withstand over-charging, becoming damaged (reduced capacity, reduced lifetime), over heating or even exploding. The charger may have temperature or voltage sensing circuits and a microprocessor controller to safely adjust the charging current and voltage, ...
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Electric Current
An electric current is a stream of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, moving through an electrical conductor or space. It is measured as the net rate of flow of electric charge through a surface or into a control volume. The moving particles are called charge carriers, which may be one of several types of particles, depending on the conductor. In electric circuits the charge carriers are often electrons moving through a wire. In semiconductors they can be electrons or holes. In an electrolyte the charge carriers are ions, while in plasma, an ionized gas, they are ions and electrons. The SI unit of electric current is the ampere, or ''amp'', which is the flow of electric charge across a surface at the rate of one coulomb per second. The ampere (symbol: A) is an SI base unit. Electric current is measured using a device called an ammeter. Electric currents create magnetic fields, which are used in motors, generators, inductors, and transformers. In ordinary con ...
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Voltage
Voltage, also known as electric pressure, electric tension, or (electric) potential difference, is the difference in electric potential between two points. In a static electric field, it corresponds to the work needed per unit of charge to move a test charge between the two points. In the International System of Units, the derived unit for voltage is named ''volt''. The voltage between points can be caused by the build-up of electric charge (e.g., a capacitor), and from an electromotive force (e.g., electromagnetic induction in generator, inductors, and transformers). On a macroscopic scale, a potential difference can be caused by electrochemical processes (e.g., cells and batteries), the pressure-induced piezoelectric effect, and the thermoelectric effect. A voltmeter can be used to measure the voltage between two points in a system. Often a common reference potential such as the ground of the system is used as one of the points. A voltage can represent either a source ...
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Gassing (battery)
Gassing can mean: * Emitting gas * Gassing (battery), destructive gas generation in batteries * Gassing (textile process), passing newly spun yarn through a flame to remove the loose fibre ends * Harming or killing with gas, see Poison gas * Gassing, prison slang for throwing feces or other bodily fluids at someone * Talking diffusely or profusely * Places in Austria ** Gassing, Frauenstein, Austria ** Gassing, Sankt Lorenzen im Mürztal Sankt Lorenzen im Mürztal is a municipality with 3674 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2021) in the judicial district of Bruck an der Mur and in the political district of Bruck-Mürzzuschlag in Styria, Austria. Geography The centre of Sankt Lor ...
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