|
ICFTU European Regional Organisation
The ICFTU European Regional Organisation (ERO) was a regional trade union confederation, bringing together national federations of trade unions in Europe. History The confederation was established in April 1950 at a conference in Brussels, held on the initiative of the recently-formed International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU). It was the first regional organisation established by the ICFTU, and was a new initiative, as the World Federation of Trade Unions and International Federation of Trade Unions had never set up regional bodies. ERO established its headquarters in Brussels. The organisation aimed to represent European trade unions in all regional matters, but in particular in relation to the expected establishment of a European Community. However, competitor organisations soon emerged. The Committee of the Twenty-One was established in 1952, to liaise with the European Coal and Steel Community, and this was succeeded by the European Trade Union Secretariat (ET ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Confederation Of Free Trade Unions
The International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU) was an international trade union. It came into being on 7 December 1949 following a split within the World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU), and was dissolved on 31 October 2006 when it merged with the World Confederation of Labour (WCL) to form the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC). Prior to being dissolved, the ICFTU had a membership of 157 million members in 225 affiliated organisations in 148 countries and territories. History In 1949, early in the Cold War, alleging Communist domination of the WFTU's central institutions, a large number of non-communist national trade union federations (including the U.S. AFL–CIO, the British TUC, the French FO, the Italian CISL and the Spanish UGT) seceded and created the rival ICFTU at a conference in London attended by representatives of nearly 48 million members in 53 countries. From the 1950s the ICFTU actively recruited new members from the developing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Federation Of Trade Unions
The World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU) is an international federation of trade unions established in 1945. Founded in the immediate aftermath of World War Two, the organization built on the pre-war legacy of the International Federation of Trade Unions as a single structure for trade unions world-wide. With the emergence of the Cold War in the late 1940s, the WFTU splintered, with most trade unions from the Western-aligned countries leaving and creating the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU) in 1949. Throughout the Cold War, membership of the WFTU was made up predominantly of trade unions from the Soviet-aligned and non-aligned countries. However, there were notable exceptions to this, such as the Yugoslav and Chinese unions, which departed following the Tito-Stalin and Sino-Soviet splits, respectively, or the French CGT and Italian CGIL unions, who were members. With the end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the WFTU los ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Federation Of Trade Unions
The International Federation of Trade Unions (also known as the Amsterdam International) was an international organization of trade unions, existing between 1919 and 1945. IFTU had its roots in the pre-war IFTU. IFTU had close links to the Labour and Socialist International. The IFTU was opposed by the Communist-controlled trade unions. After the American AFL dropped out in 1925 the IFTU became a mainly European body with social democratic orientation. Its primary activity was to lobby the League of Nations and national governments on behalf of the International Labour Organization (ILO). There were various International Trade Secretariats. The major ITS was the International Transportworkers Federation. As of 1930 it had affiliates in 29 countries and a combined membership of 13.5 million. Its headquarters was in Amsterdam 1919–1930, in Berlin 1931–1933, in Paris 1933–1940 and in London 1940–1945. Walter Schevenels was the secretary-general of the IFTU ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Coal And Steel Community
The European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) was a European organization created after World War II to regulate the coal and steel industries. It was formally established in 1951 by the Treaty of Paris, signed by Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and West Germany. The ECSC was an international organization based on the principle of supranationalism, and started a process of integration which ultimately led to the creation of the European Union. The ECSC was first proposed as the Schuman Declaration by French foreign minister Robert Schuman on the 9th of May 1950 (today's Europe Day of the EU), the day after the fifth anniversary of the end of World War II, as a way to prevent further war between France and Germany. He declared he aimed to "make war not only unthinkable but materially impossible" which was to be achieved by regional integration, of which the ECSC was the first step. The Treaty would create a common market for coal and steel among its membe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Economic Community
The European Economic Community (EEC) was a regional organization created by the Treaty of Rome of 1957,Today the largely rewritten treaty continues in force as the ''Treaty on the functioning of the European Union'', as renamed by the Lisbon Treaty. aiming to foster economic integration among its member states. It was subsequently renamed the European Community (EC) upon becoming integrated into the first pillar of the newly formed European Union in 1993. In the popular language, however, the singular ''European Community'' was sometimes inaccuratelly used in the wider sense of the plural '' European Communities'', in spite of the latter designation covering all the three constituent entities of the first pillar. In 2009, the EC formally ceased to exist and its institutions were directly absorbed by the EU. This made the Union the formal successor institution of the Community. The Community's initial aim was to bring about economic integration, including a common market an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter Schevenels
Walter Schevenels (11 November 1894 – 6 March 1966) was a Belgian trade union official. Born in Anderlecht, Schevenels' father was the secretary of the National Federation of Metal Workers, and Walter followed in his footsteps, soon becoming secretary of the union's Antwerp region. In 1929, Schevenels was selected to become deputy general secretary of the International Federation of Trade Unions (IFTU), and in 1931 he succeeded as its general secretary. He maintained a relatively low profile, opposing both fascism and communism, and focusing on ensuring the federation's survival through political and financial crises. During World War II, Schevenels ran the IFTU from London, and closely followed the policies of the British Trades Union Congress (TUC). The TUC, in response, tried to get him elected as the first general secretary of the World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU), but he was instead made assistant general secretary, with responsibility for industry. A few years ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Trade Union Confederation
The European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC) is the major trade union organisation representing workers at the European level. In its role as a European social partner, the ETUC works both in a consulting role with the European Commission and negotiates agreements and work programmes with European employers. It coordinates the national and sectoral policies of its affiliates on social and economic matters, particularly in the framework of the EU institutional processes, including European economic governance and the EU Semester. History The ETUC was established in 1973, to coordinate and represent workers and their trade unions at the European level, and has grown as more countries have joined the EU. Representativeness and constitution At present, the ETUC represents almost 45 million workers across Europe, belonging to 89 national trade union confederations from 39 European countries, and 10 European Industry Federations. It includes both a Women's Committee and a Youth Commi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Ford (trade Unionist)
Charles H. Ford (29 November 1923 – 12 March 2000) was a British trade union leader. Born in Hackney, Ford studied at the Central School of Arts and Crafts. He became an engraver at the Royal Mint, but soon left due to poor eyesight, and in 1940 began working for the Czechoslovak government-in-exile, then after the war worked in Yugoslavia. He developed an interest in economics, and studied at the London School of Economics, then found work as an economist for the Amalgamated Engineering Union. He also joined the Labour Party, and stood unsuccessfully for it at the 1951 UK general election in Wimbledon, and then at the 1955 UK general election in Bournemouth West, without success. In 1957, Ford moved to Paris to work for the trade union liaison council for the Marshall Plan, which he helped transform into the Trade Union Advisory Committee (TUAC). He promoted the role of the International Labour Organization in regulating international companies, and invented the phra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Geddes
Charles John Geddes, Baron Geddes of Epsom, CBE Kt. (1 March 1897 – 2 May 1983) was a British trade unionist. Born in Camberwell, London, his parents were active socialists in the Labour movement at a time that the Labour party was being founded in London. Charles attended Blackheath Central School but left still aged only thirteen. He joined the Post Office in 1911 as a boy messenger, running errands. In his spare time he worked for a shopkeeper in Deptford, East London where he first came into contact with the Post Office Workers Union. He served as a fighter pilot in the Royal Flying Corps during World War I, being commissioned a pilot officer in 1918. On returning to civilian work, Geddes became active in the new Union of Post Office Workers rising to district chairman of the London district of the union's council. During the Second World War he was appointed assistant-general secretary of the UPW. He was Deputy General Secretary of the union from 1941, and th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfred Roberts (trade Unionist)
Alfred Roberts (30 November 1897 – 18 November 1963) was a British trade unionist. Roberts was born in Bolton, his father being a coal carter. He studied at the Chalfont Street Council School, but left at thirteen to work in the office of a builders' company, before moving to work in the cotton industry. After a break during World War I, during which he served in the Royal Navy, he became active in the National Association of Card, Blowing and Ring Room Operatives (Cardroom Amalgamation), and by the age of thirty was the union's Preston secretary."Sir Alfred Robert", ''The Times'', November 1963 In 1935, Roberts was elected as General Secretary of the Cardroom Amalgamation. In 1948, he was appointed to the Cotton Board, and in 1950/51 he served as President of the Trades Union Congress. He was awarded the CBE, an honorary master's degree by the University of Manchester, and was knighted in 1955. He was a vice-chairman of the International Labour Organization from 195 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederick Hayday
Sir Frederick Hayday, CBE (26 June 1912 – 26 February 1990) was a British trade unionist who served on many public bodies. The son of Arthur Hayday, trade unionist and Labour Member of Parliament, Frederick Hayday was born in Nottingham. He joined the Labour Party at 16 years old. He was elected District Organiser of his father's union, the National Union of General and Municipal Workers, dealing with gas, iron ore, gypsum mining, road haulage, brick making, and public services and as a member of Regional and National Joint Industrial Councils for many industries, serving in some instances as secretary to the JIC. During World War II, Hayday was appointed by the Lord Chancellor to the North Midlands Aliens Tribunal and served as a member of Labour Supply Committee for the Chemical Industry, and on many wartime panels dealing with labour problems, military hardships’ committee, etc. Soon after the war he was appointed by the Minister of Works to serve as member of the Bric ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Unions Established In 1950
Trade involves the transfer of goods and services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money. Economists refer to a system or network that allows trade as a market (economics), market. An early form of trade, barter, saw the direct exchange of goods and services for other goods and services, i.e. trading things without the use of money. Modern traders generally negotiate through a medium of exchange, such as money. As a result, buying can be separated from selling, or Earnings, earning. The History of money#Emergence of money, invention of money (and letter of credit (finance), credit, paper money, and digital currency, non-physical money) greatly simplified and promoted trade. Trade between two traders is called bilateral trade, while trade involving more than two traders is called multilateral trade. In one modern view, trade exists due to specialization and the division of labour, a predominant form of economic activity in which individuals and grou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
