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Hungarian National Defence Association
The Hungarian National Defence Association ( hu, Magyar Országos Véderő Egylet or ) was an early far-right movement active in Hungary. The structure of the group was largely paramilitary and as such separate from its leader's later political initiatives. MOVE grew out of the 'right radicals' phenomenon i.e. those who strongly opposed the Hungarian Soviet Republic but who felt that the mainstream conservatives were not strong enough to cope with the shift to communism. Stanley G. Payne, ''A History of Fascism 1914-1945'', London, Routledge, 2001, p. 132 An extreme group of these radicals within the army formed around Gyula Gömbös in Szeged and in 1919 solidified as MOVE (or the Szeged Fascists) as they were more commonly known. Already self identifying as 'national socialists' in 1919, the group called for changes in land ownership, a more Christian economic policy against the capitalism which they identified as Jewish and a foreign policy based on revanchism. The group was led ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emblem Of The Hungarian National Defence Association (MOVE)
An emblem is an abstract or representational pictorial image that represents a concept, like a moral truth, or an allegory, or a person, like a king or saint. Emblems vs. symbols Although the words ''emblem'' and '' symbol'' are often used interchangeably, an emblem is a pattern that is used to represent an idea or an individual. An emblem develops in concrete, visual terms some abstraction: a deity, a tribe or nation, or a virtue or vice. An emblem may be worn or otherwise used as an identifying badge or patch. For example, in America, police officers' badges refer to their personal metal emblem whereas their woven emblems on uniforms identify members of a particular unit. A real or metal cockle shell, the emblem of St. James the Apostle, sewn onto the hat or clothes, identified a medieval pilgrim to his shrine at Santiago de Compostela. In the Middle Ages, many saints were given emblems, which served to identify them in paintings and other images: St. Cather ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benito Mussolini
Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (; 29 July 188328 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who founded and led the National Fascist Party. He was Prime Minister of Italy from the March on Rome in 1922 until his deposition in 1943, and "Duce" of Italian Fascism from the establishment of the Italian Fasces of Combat in 1919 until his execution in 1945 by Italian partisans. As dictator of Italy and principal founder of fascism, Mussolini inspired and supported the international spread of fascist movements during the inter-war period. Mussolini was originally a socialist politician and a journalist at the ''Avanti!'' newspaper. In 1912, he became a member of the National Directorate of the Italian Socialist Party (PSI), but he was expelled from the PSI for advocating military intervention in World War I, in opposition to the party's stance on neutrality. In 1914, Mussolini founded a new journal, ''Il Popolo d'Italia'', and served in the Royal Italian Army durin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Units And Formations Established In 1919
A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct military uniform. It may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard. The main task of the military is usually defined as defence of the state and its interests against external armed threats. In broad usage, the terms ''armed forces'' and ''military'' are often treated as synonymous, although in technical usage a distinction is sometimes made in which a country's armed forces may include both its military and other paramilitary forces. There are various forms of irregular military forces, not belonging to a recognized state; though they share many attributes with regular military forces, they are less often referred to as simply ''military''. A nation's military may ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paramilitary Organisations Based In Hungary
A paramilitary is an organization whose structure, tactics, training, subculture, and (often) function are similar to those of a professional military, but is not part of a country's official or legitimate armed forces. Paramilitary units carry out duties that a country's military or police forces are unable or unwilling to handle. Other organizations may be considered paramilitaries by structure alone, despite being unarmed or lacking a combat role. Overview Though a paramilitary is, by definition, not a military, it is usually equivalent to a light infantry force in terms of strength, firepower, and organizational structure. Paramilitaries use "military" equipment (such as long guns and armored personnel carriers; usually military surplus resources), skills (such as battlefield medicine and bomb disposal), and tactics (such as urban warfare and close-quarters combat) that are compatible with their purpose, often combining them with skills from other relevant fields such a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fascist Organizations
Fascism is a far-right, Authoritarianism, authoritarian, ultranationalism, ultra-nationalist political Political ideology, ideology and Political movement, movement,: "extreme militaristic nationalism, contempt for electoral democracy and political and cultural liberalism, a belief in natural social hierarchy and the rule of elites, and the desire to create a (German: “people’s community”), in which individual interests would be subordinated to the good of the nation" characterized by a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, forcible suppression of opposition, belief in a natural social hierarchy, subordination of Individualism, individual interests for the perceived good of the nation and race, and strong regimentation of society and the economy. Fascism rose to prominence in early 20th-century Europe. The first fascist movements Italian Fascism, emerged in Italy during World War I, before Fascism in Europe, spreading to other European countries, most n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fascism In Hungary
Fascism is a far-right, authoritarian, ultra-nationalist political ideology and movement,: "extreme militaristic nationalism, contempt for electoral democracy and political and cultural liberalism, a belief in natural social hierarchy and the rule of elites, and the desire to create a (German: “people’s community”), in which individual interests would be subordinated to the good of the nation" characterized by a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, forcible suppression of opposition, belief in a natural social hierarchy, subordination of individual interests for the perceived good of the nation and race, and strong regimentation of society and the economy. Fascism rose to prominence in early 20th-century Europe. The first fascist movements emerged in Italy during World War I, before spreading to other European countries, most notably Germany. Fascism also had adherents outside of Europe. Opposed to anarchism, democracy, pluralism, liberalism, socia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Szeged Idea
The Szeged Idea ( hu, Szegedi gondolat), also informally known as Szeged fascism refers to the proto-fascist ideology that developed among anti-communist counter-revolutionaries in Szeged, Hungary in 1919 and which later developed into a fascist and national socialist ideology.Michael Mann. ''Fascists''. New York, New York, USA: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Pp. 240. The Szeged Idea was based upon the claim that Hungary was stabbed in the back in World War I by communists and Jews and promoted action to undo this evil by declaring holy war against such traitors.Zsuzsanna Ozsváth, Miklós Radnóti. ''In the footsteps of Orpheus: the life and times of Miklós Radnóti''. Bloomington, Indiana, USA: Indiana University Press, 2000. Pp. 8. Szeged militants promoted Hungarian nationalism, an economic "third way", and advocated a "strong" state. Szegedists promoted irredentist claims to territories belonging to Hungary prior to the end of World War I. The ideology claimed the existence ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Party Of Hungarian Life
The Unity Party is the name of several political parties around the world, including: Current-day parties with that name include: *Unity Party (Australia) * Unity Party (Azerbaijan) *Unity Party (Hungary, 2009) * Unity (Haiti) (''Inite''), est. 2009 * Unity Party of Kenya (UPK, est. 2011) *Unity (Latvian political party) *Unity Party (Liberia) *Unity Party (Sierra Leone) * Unity (Slovenia) ''(Sloga)'', est. 2018 *Unity Party (South Ossetia) * Unity (Sweden) (''Enhet'') *Unity Party of America Historical parties of the name include: *Batasuna ("Unity") *British Columbia Unity Party * Latvian Unity Party *Unity (Northern Ireland) *Unity (Russian political party) *Unity (Ukraine) *Unity Party (China) *Unity Party (Hungary) * Unity Party (Israel) *Unity Party (Japan) * Unity Party of Nigeria (UPN, active 1978-1983) *Unity Party (Quebec) *Unity Party (Turkey) *Yedinstvo, a faction within the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party Afghanistan *Islamic Unity Party of Afghanistan *Nationa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarian Nationalism
Hungarian nationalism developed in the late 18th century and early 19th century along the classic lines of scholarly interest leading to political nationalism and mass participation. In the 1790s, Hungarian nobles pushed for the adoption of Hungarian as the official language rather than Latin. Parties Current *Our Homeland Movement (2018–present) *Jobbik (2003–present) * Volner Party (2020-present) Former * Hungarian Justice and Life Party (1993–2021) merged with Our Homeland Movement *Party of the Hungarian Interest (1993–2005) * People of the Orient Party – Christian Democrats (1989–1998) *Arrow Cross Party (1935–1945) *Christian National Socialist FrontDieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p911 (1937–1940) * United Hungarian National Socialist Party (1936–1940) * National Front (1936-1939) * Hungarian National Socialist Agricultural Labourers' and Workers' Party (1932–1945) *Hungarian National Independence Party (1923- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tamás Eszes (politician)
Tamás Eszes (18 May 1964 – 3 November 2011) was a Hungarian politician. He was the leader of the far right paramilitary group Véderő. In April 2011 Eszes attempted to lead a training camp conducted by Véderő. He was arrested and led away by police. Eszes, a karate instructor, claimed the camp was intended to improve the physical condition of Hungarian youths. The incident highlighted tensions between ethnic Hungarians and the local gypsy minority. In the same month Eszes announced that he would contest the mayoral election in Gyöngyöspata, Heves County Heves county ( hu, Heves megye, ) lies in northern Hungary, between the right bank of the river Tisza and the Mátra and Bükk mountains. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Pest, Nógrád, Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén and Jász-Nagykun-S .... He received 10.5% of the vote. Eszes was found dead at his home in Gyöngyöspata on 3 November 2011. He had committed suicide according to the police. References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated between the Baltic and North seas to the north, and the Alps to the south; it covers an area of , with a population of almost 84 million within its 16 constituent states. Germany borders Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, and France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands to the west. The nation's capital and most populous city is Berlin and its financial centre is Frankfurt; the largest urban area is the Ruhr. Various Germanic tribes have inhabited the northern parts of modern Germany since classical antiquity. A region named Germania was documented before AD 100. In 962, the Kingdom of Germany formed the bulk of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erich Ludendorff
Erich Friedrich Wilhelm Ludendorff (9 April 1865 – 20 December 1937) was a German general, politician and military theorist. He achieved fame during World War I for his central role in the German victories at Liège and Tannenberg in 1914. Following his appointment as First Quartermaster-general (german: Erster Generalquartiermeister) of the Imperial Army's Great General Staff in 1916, he became the chief policymaker in a ''de facto'' military dictatorship that dominated Germany for the rest of the war. After Germany's defeat, he contributed significantly to the Nazis' rise to power. Erich Ludendorff came from a family of the minor nobility in Ludendorff, (now Kruszewnia), located in the Prussian province of Posen. After completing his education as a cadet, he received his commission as a junior officer in 1885. Later in 1893, Ludendorff was admitted to the prestigious German War Academy and was recommended by its commandant to the General Staff Corps only a year later. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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