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Human Genome Organisation
The Human Genome Organisation (HUGO) is a non-profit organization founded in 1988. HUGO represents an international coordinating scientific body in response to initiatives such as the Human Genome Project. HUGO has four active committees, including the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC), and the HUGO Committee on Ethics, Law and Society (CELS). History HUGO was established at the first meeting on genome mapping and sequencing at Cold Spring Harbor in 1988. The idea of starting the organization stemmed from South African biologist Sydney Brenner, who is best known for his significant contributions to work on the genetic code and other areas of molecular biology, as well as winning the 2002 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. A Founding Council was elected at the meeting with a total of 42 scientists from 17 different countries, with Victor A. McKusick serving as founding President. In 2016, HUGO was located at the EWHA Womans University in Seoul, South Korea. In 2020, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Nongovernmental Organization
An international non-governmental organization (INGO) is an organization which is independent of government involvement and extends the concept of a non-governmental organization (NGO) to an international scope. NGOs are independent of governments and can be seen as two types: ''advocacy NGOs'', which aim to influence governments with a specific goal, and ''operational NGOs'', which provide services. Examples of NGO mandates are environmental preservation, human rights promotions or the advancement of women. NGOs are typically not-for-profit, but receive funding from companies or membership fees. Many large INGOs have components of operational projects and advocacy initiatives working together within individual countries. The technical term " international organizations" describes intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) and include groups such as the United Nations or the International Labour Organization, which are formed by treaties among sovereign states. In contrast, INGOs ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Human Genome Project
The Human Genome Project (HGP) was an international scientific research project with the goal of determining the base pairs that make up human DNA, and of identifying, mapping and sequencing all of the genes of the human genome from both a physical and a functional standpoint. It started in 1990 and was completed in 2003. It remains the world's largest collaborative biological project. Planning started after the idea was picked up in 1984 by the US government, the project formally launched in 1990, and was declared essentially complete on April 14, 2003, but included only about 85% of the genome. Level "complete genome" was achieved in May 2021, with a remaining only 0.3% bases covered by potential issues. The final gapless assembly was finished in January 2022. Funding came from the United States government through the National Institutes of Health (NIH) as well as numerous other groups from around the world. A parallel project was conducted outside the government by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee
The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) is a committee of the Human Genome Organisation (HUGO) that sets the standards for human gene nomenclature. The HGNC approves a ''unique'' and ''meaningful'' name for every known human gene, based on a query of experts. In addition to the name, which is usually 1 to 10 words long, the HGNC also assigns a symbol (a short group of characters) to every gene. As with an SI symbol, a gene symbol is like an abbreviation but is more than that, being a second unique name that can stand on its own just as much as substitute for the longer name. It may not necessarily "stand for" the initials of the name, although many gene symbols do reflect that origin. Purpose Especially gene abbreviations/symbols but also full gene names are often not specific for a single gene. A marked example is CAP which can refer to any of 6 different genes (BRD4'', CAP1'', HACD1'', LNPEP'', SERPINB6'', and SORBS1''). The HGNC short gene names, or gene symbols, unlike ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sydney Brenner
Sydney Brenner (13 January 1927 – 5 April 2019) was a South African biologist. In 2002, he shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with H. Robert Horvitz and Sir John E. Sulston. Brenner made significant contributions to work on the genetic code, and other areas of molecular biology while working in the Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, England. He established the roundworm ''Caenorhabditis elegans'' as a model organism for the investigation of developmental biology, and founded the Molecular Sciences Institute in Berkeley, California, United States.''The Science Times Book of the Brain'' 1998. Edited by Nicholas Wade. The Lyons PressHorace Freeland Judson ''The Eighth Day of Creation'' (1979), pp. 10–11 ''Makers of the Revolution in Biology''; Penguin Books 1995, first published by Jonathan Cape, 1977; ."Sydney Brenner: A Biography" by Errol Friedberg, pub. CSHL Press October 2010, . Education and early life B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nobel Prize In Physiology Or Medicine
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is awarded yearly by the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute for outstanding discoveries in physiology or medicine. The Nobel Prize is not a single prize, but five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's 1895 will, are awarded "to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind". Nobel Prizes are awarded in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace. The Nobel Prize is presented annually on the anniversary of Alfred Nobel's death, 10 December. As of 2022, 114 Nobel Prizes in Physiology or Medicine have been awarded to 226 laureates, 214 men and 12 women. The first one was awarded in 1901 to the German physiologist, Emil von Behring, for his work on serum therapy and the development of a vaccine against diphtheria. The first woman to receive the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Gerty Cori, received it in 1947 for her role in elucidat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victor A
The name Victor or Viktor may refer to: * Victor (name), including a list of people with the given name, mononym, or surname Arts and entertainment Film * ''Victor'' (1951 film), a French drama film * ''Victor'' (1993 film), a French short film * ''Victor'' (2008 film), a 2008 TV film about Canadian swimmer Victor Davis * ''Victor'' (2009 film), a French comedy * ''Victor'', a 2017 film about Victor Torres by Brandon Dickerson * ''Viktor'' (film), a 2014 Franco/Russian film Music * ''Victor'' (album), a 1996 album by Alex Lifeson * "Victor", a song from the 1979 album '' Eat to the Beat'' by Blondie Businesses * Victor Talking Machine Company, early 20th century American recording company, forerunner of RCA Records * Victor Company of Japan, usually known as JVC, a Japanese electronics corporation originally a subsidiary of the Victor Talking Machine Company ** Victor Entertainment, or JVCKenwood Victor Entertainment, a Japanese record label ** Victor Interactive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuan-Tsong Chen
Yuan-Tsong Chen (YT Chen; ) is a Taiwanese physician scientist, notable for his work on human genetic disorders. He is the director emeritus (2001–2010) and distinguished research fellow (2001–present) of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, and also tenured professor of pediatrics of Duke University (1993–present) Chen was a 2019 awardee of Taiwan's , as were Yuan-Pern Lee and Wei Fu-chan. Research Chen's achievements include drug development of recombinant enzyme replacement therapy for Pompe disease, an enzyme-deficiency disorder that causes muscle damage, cardiorespiratory failure and in its severe infantile form, death by 2 years of age. The drug, eventually named "Myozyme", was further developed by Genzyme and received the regulatory marketing approval in Europe and USA in 2006. The story of a father searching for a treatment for his two children with Pompe disease and the development of this rug has been adapted to a film entitled '' Extraor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ira Carmen
Ira Harris Carmen (born December 3, 1934) graduated from the University of Michigan and is an American Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where he taught from 1968 to 2009. Carmen is a co-founder of the social science subdiscipline of genetics and politics. The first political scientist to be elected to the Human Genome Organization, he is a member of two research teams at the University of Illinois, one exploring sociogenomics and the other stem cell research In multicellular organisms, stem cells are undifferentiated or partially differentiated cells that can differentiate into various types of cells and proliferate indefinitely to produce more of the same stem cell. They are the earliest type of .... After 41 years of service, Professor Carmen retired on August 24, 2009. Research *''Cloning and the Constitution: An Inquiry into Governmental Policymaking and Genetic Experimentation'' *''Politics in the Laboratory ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Genetics Research Organizations
This is a list of organizations involved in genetics research. Africa Kenya *International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi Namibia *The Life Technologies Conservation Genetics Laboratory (Cheetah Conservation Fund), Otjiwarongo Asia China *BGI Group * Chinese National Human Genome Center India * Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology * DNA Labs India Iran * Royan Institute Philippines * Philippine Genome Center Singapore *Genome Institute of Singapore * Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Taiwan * National Health Research Institutes Japan * National Institute of Genetics * Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology * RIKEN Europe Germany *Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics Italy *Bioversity International Sweden * Science for Life Laboratory United Kingdom *The Genome Analysis Centre *Wellcome Sanger Institute *Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (University of Oxford) Russia *Research Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow North ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Mammalian Genome Society
The International Mammalian Genome Society (IMGS) is a professional scientific organization that promotes and coordinates the genetic and genomic study of mammals. It has a scientific journal, ''Mammalian Genome'', and organizes an annual international meeting, the International Mammalian Genome Conference (IMGC). History and governance The society was formed in 1991 from informal discussions within the mouse genetics scientific community. It had 48 founding members, including Gail R. Martin, Eric Lander, Tsui Lap-chee and Shirley M. Tilghman. It has three stated goals: * To facilitate the creation of databases of genetic information, * Organize meetings for mammalian geneticists to share expertise and supervise the organization of genetic data (for example, into genetic maps and reference genomes), and * To coordinate the mapping and sequencing of model organisms with similar efforts focusing on the human genome. The society has served as an organizing body for a number of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genomics Organizations
Genomics is an interdisciplinary field of biology focusing on the structure, function, evolution, mapping, and editing of genomes. A genome is an organism's complete set of DNA, including all of its genes as well as its hierarchical, three-dimensional structural configuration. In contrast to genetics, which refers to the study of ''individual'' genes and their roles in inheritance, genomics aims at the collective characterization and quantification of ''all'' of an organism's genes, their interrelations and influence on the organism. Genes may direct the production of proteins with the assistance of enzymes and messenger molecules. In turn, proteins make up body structures such as organs and tissues as well as control chemical reactions and carry signals between cells. Genomics also involves the sequencing and analysis of genomes through uses of high throughput DNA sequencing and bioinformatics to assemble and analyze the function and structure of entire genomes. Advances in gen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Medical And Health Organizations
International is an adjective (also used as a noun) meaning "between nations". International may also refer to: Music Albums * ''International'' (Kevin Michael album), 2011 * ''International'' (New Order album), 2002 * ''International'' (The Three Degrees album), 1975 *''International'', 2018 album by L'Algérino Songs * The Internationale, the left-wing anthem * "International" (Chase & Status song), 2014 * "International", by Adventures in Stereo from ''Monomania'', 2000 * "International", by Brass Construction from ''Renegades'', 1984 * "International", by Thomas Leer from ''The Scale of Ten'', 1985 * "International", by Kevin Michael from ''International'' (Kevin Michael album), 2011 * "International", by McGuinness Flint from ''McGuinness Flint'', 1970 * "International", by Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark from '' Dazzle Ships'', 1983 * "International (Serious)", by Estelle from '' All of Me'', 2012 Politics * Political international, any transnational organization ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
