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Hryhorii Makhno
Hryhorii Ivanovych Makhno ( uk, Григорій Іванович Махно; 24 January 1886 – 18 September 1919) was a Ukrainian rebel commander and brother of Nestor Makhno. Biography Hryhorii was born into a peasant family in the village of Huliaipole on 24 January 1886 to Ivan Rodionovych Mikhnenko and Evdokiia Matveevna Perederyi. His father died in 1889, leaving he and his brothers in the sole care of their mother. Hryhorii was married to a peasant woman Khristina, with whom he had two daughters: Maria and Elizabeth. In 1907, he joined the anarcho-communist Union of Poor Peasants. When his brother Nestor Makhno was arrested for participating in the group, Hryhorii visited him in prison and told him of the death of their comrade Oleksandr Semenyuta. In the same year he was drafted into the Imperial Russian Army, in which he fought during World War I. In 1918 he took part in the defense of the Donets-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic as part of an anarcho-communist detachment, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huliaipole
Huliaipole ( uk, Гуляйполе ; ) is a city in Polohy Raion, Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine. It is known as the birthplace of Ukrainian anarchist revolutionary Nestor Makhno. In 2021, it had a population of Huliaipole was Battle of Huliaipole, attacked by Russian forces during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and sustained heavy damage, placing it on one of the lines of contact between Ukrainian and Russian-occupied territory. History Prior to the annexation of the Crimean Khanate by the Russian Empire, the area was mostly settled by the Zaporozhian Cossacks and the nomadic Lesser Nogai Horde. The settlement arose during the 1770s, after the construction of the on the former lands of the Zaporozhian Sich, as part of the Russian Empire's policy to populate and develop the conquered Zaporozhian lands. When Catherine the Great dissolved the Sich, the local Cossacks either fled into exile or were brought into serfdom, with the residents of what is now Huliaipole falling und ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Tsaritsyn
The Battle of Tsaritsyn was a military confrontation between the Red Army and the White Army during the Russian Civil War for control of Tsaritsyn (now Volgograd), a significant city and port on the Volga River in southwestern Russia. The city, which had been an important center of support for the October Revolution and remained in the hands of the Reds, was besieged three times by anti-Bolshevik Don Cossacks under the command of Pyotr Krasnov: July–September 1918, September–October 1918, and January–February 1919. Another attempt to conquer Tsaritsyn was made in May–June 1919 by the Volunteer Army, which successfully captured the city. In turn, between August 1919 and January 1920, the Whites defended the city against the Bolsheviks. Tsaritsyn was finally conquered by the Reds in early 1920. The defense of Tsaritsyn, nicknamed the "Red Verdun", was one of the most widely described and commemorated events of the Civil War in Soviet historiography, art and propaganda. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Peregonovka
The Battle of Peregonovka was a September 1919 military conflict in which the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine defeated the Volunteer Army. After retreating west across Ukraine for four months and 600 kilometers, the Insurgent Army turned east and surprised the Volunteer Army. The Insurgent Army reclaimed its capital of Huliaipole within ten days. Background In mid-June 1919, Andrei Shkuro, the commander of the Kuban Cossacks, took advantage of the discord between the Bolsheviks and Ukrainian anarchists to raid the Insurgent capital of Huliaipole, forcing the Insurgent Army into a retreat towards right-bank Ukraine. The Insurgent Army fell back hundreds of kilometers to the west, eventually reaching Kherson, then under the control of the Otaman Nykyfor Hryhoriv. Their alliance with him did not last long, as the Insurgents assassinated him for his connections with the White movement and his participation in antisemitic pogroms. Strengthened by defectors from the Red Arm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polohy
Polohy (, ; russian: Пологи, translit=Pologi) is a city in Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine, currently under the control of the Russian Armed Forces. It serves as the administrative center of Polohy Raion. Population: . From 1928 to 1937, it carried the name of Chubarivka, after the Ukrainian Bolshevik revolutionary and Soviet politician Vlas Chubar. History On 3 March 2022, Polohy was captured by Russian forces during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Notable people * Viktor Poltavets (1925–2003), Soviet and Ukrainian artist * Vitaliy Satskyi (1930–2017), Ukrainian politician * Polina Zhemchuzhina, Soviet politician and wife of Soviet foreign minister Vyacheslav Molotov References External links The murder of the Jews of Polohyduring World War II, at Yad Vashem Yad Vashem ( he, יָד וַשֵׁם; literally, "a memorial and a name") is Israel's official memorial to the victims of the Holocaust. It is dedicated to preserving the memory of the Jews who were mur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petya Lyuty
Isidor Lyuty ( uk, Ісидор Лютий, ), better known by his ''nom de guerre'' Petya Lyuty ( uk, Петя Лютий), was a Ukrainian military commander in the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine. An early member of the insurgent staff, he also served as Nestor Makhno's personal bodyguard, before dying in battle against the White Army at Pomichna. Biography Petya Lyuty worked as a painter and decorator. Following the outbreak of the Ukrainian War of Independence against the occupying Central Powers, Lyuty joined the insurgent detachment under Nestor Makhno, who he served as his personal bodyguard. Disguised as women, Lyuty and Makhno carried out reconnaissance on the local Austro-German headquarters in Huliaipole, but they called off their planned bombing attack against it, as they feared that they would harm the women and children inside. On 22 September 1918, Makhno and Lyuty moved to decisively reoccupy Huliaipole, setting off from Ternivka in disguise as officer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Arshinov
Peter Andreyevich Arshinov (russian: Пётр Андре́евич Арши́нов; 1887–1937), was a Russian anarchist revolutionary and intellectual who chronicled the history of the Makhnovshchina. Initially a Bolshevik, during the 1905 Revolution, he became active within the Ukrainian anarchist movement, taking part in a number of terrorist attacks against Tsarist officials. He was arrested for his activities and imprisoned in Butyrka prison, where he met Nestor Makhno. Following the 1917 Revolution, he was released from prison and returned to Ukraine to join Makhno's partisan movement. Arshinov became a leading intellectual figure within the Makhnovist movement, as editor of its main newspaper, and chronicled the development of events as the movement's official historian. When the movement was suppressed by the Bolsheviks, he went into exile, where he participated in the publication of the '' Organisational Platform'' and the debates surrounding it. By the 1930s, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Revolutionary Council
The Military Revolutionary Council (russian: Военно-революционный Совет , VRS) was the ''de facto'' executive of the Makhnovshchina, empowered to act during the interim between sittings of the Regional Congresses. Function Its powers covered both military and civil matters in the region, although it was also subject to instant recall at the will of the Regional Congress and its activities were limited to those explicitly outlined by the Congresses themselves. At each Regional Congress, the VRS was to provide detailed reports of its activities and subjected itself to reorganization. When it came to the decisions of local soviets and assemblies, the VRS presented itself as a solely advisory board, with no power over the local bodies of self-government. The VRS also functioned as the supreme body of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army, acting in concert with its elected general staff and in consultation with insurgent detachments, thus "representing the a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nykyfor Hryhoriv
Nykyfor Oleksandrovych Hryhoriv (né Nychypir Servetnyk, 1884 – 27 July 1919) was a Ukrainian paramilitary leader noted for repeatedly switching sides during the Ukrainian Civil War. He was commonly known as "Otaman Hryhoriv." In some historical accounts, his first name is given as "Matvii" or "Mykola". He is sometimes misrepresented as the otaman, or leader, of the Green armies. His association with the Green armies is due to collaboration with the army of Danylo Terpylo, which fought against the Ukrainian People's Republic, Red Army, and White Army. Although he cooperated with Terpylo, this was marginal. Biography Nykyfor Servetnik was born in 1884 in the small village of , in the Novo-Ushytsia uyezd of Podolian Governorate, which was then part of the Russian Empire. Servetnik served in the cavalry of the Russian Imperial Army in the region of Kherson and participated in Russo-Japanese War in the Russian Far East serving in the Trans-Baikal Host. After his discharge he ser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chief Of Staff
The title chief of staff (or head of staff) identifies the leader of a complex organization such as the armed forces, institution, or body of persons and it also may identify a principal staff officer (PSO), who is the coordinator of the supporting staff or a primary aide-de-camp to an important individual, such as a president, or a senior military officer, or leader of a large organization. In general, a chief of staff provides a buffer between a chief executive and that executive's direct-reporting team. The chief of staff generally works behind the scenes to solve problems, mediate disputes, and deal with issues before they are brought to the chief executive. Often chiefs of staff act as a confidant and advisor to the chief executive, acting as a sounding board for ideas. Ultimately the actual duties depend on the position and the people involved. Civilian Government Brazil *Chief of Staff of the Presidency Canada * Chief of Staff to the Prime Minister *Principal Sec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsaritsyn
Volgograd ( rus, Волгогра́д, a=ru-Volgograd.ogg, p=vəɫɡɐˈɡrat), formerly Tsaritsyn (russian: Цари́цын, Tsarítsyn, label=none; ) (1589–1925), and Stalingrad (russian: Сталингра́д, Stalingrád, label=none; ) (1925–1961), is the largest city and the administrative centre of Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The city lies on the western bank of the Volga, covering an area of , with a population of slightly over 1 million residents. Volgograd is the sixteenth-largest city by population size in Russia, the second-largest city of the Southern Federal District, and the fourth-largest city on the Volga. The city was founded as the fortress of ''Tsaritsyn'' in 1589. By the nineteenth century, Tsaritsyn had become an important river-port and commercial centre, leading to its population to grow rapidly. In November 1917, at the start of the Russian Civil War, Tsaritsyn came under Bolshevik control. It fell briefly to the White Army in mid-1919 but Battle o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oleksandr Semenyuta
Oleksandr Kostyantynovich Semenyuta ( uk, Олександр Костянтинович Семенюта; 1883–1910) was a Ukrainian insurrectionary anarchist and leader of the Union of Poor Peasants. Biography Oleksandr Kostyantynovich Semenyuta was born in 1883, to a family of former serfs, in the small Ukrainian village of Huliaipole. He only received a primary education, before he went to work as a laborer in Janzen's economy. In the wake of the 1905 Revolution, Oleksandr Semenyuta joined the Union of Poor Peasants, helping to maintain close relations between it and the anarchist-communist group in Katerynoslav. Soon after he was conscripted into the military, but evaded the draft by going into hiding. He eventually returned to Huliaipole clandestinely in order to visit his family, while sometimes also smuggling anarchist literature and small arms into the village. With these weapons, Semenyuta advised the group to begin carrying out "expropriations", spurring them on to c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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