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House Of Miskito
The House of Miskito, also called the Miskitu or the Miskut, was a noble family from the Miskito coast and who came to reign over part of the current territories of the Atlantic Caribbean coast of Honduras and Nicaragua between 1687 and 1894, under the kingdom of the Mosquitia. Which happened to become a protectorate of the British Empire by 1687, and was one of the last existing ruling monarchies in America. History Origins The current territories of Gracias a Dios (Honduras) and the Autonomous Regions of the North and South Atlantic (Nicaragua) have been inhabited by ancestors of the Miskito ethnic group since times prior to the conquest of America, however the current territory of the Miskito coast was little explored by the Spanish conquerors with few attempts of it due to ists climate an deep jungles. The first conquest attempt was made by Hernán Cortes in 1525 after his landing in Honduras, after hearing rumors of the existence of human settlements and a large city, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central America
Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States to the north, Colombia to the south, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Central America consists of eight countries: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama. Within Central America is the Mesoamerican biodiversity hotspot, which extends from northern Guatemala to central Panama. Due to the presence of several active geologic faults and the Central America Volcanic Arc, there is a high amount of seismic activity in the region, such as volcanic eruptions and earthquakes which has resulted in death, injury, and property damage. In the pre-Columbian era, Central America was inhabited by the indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica to the north and west and the Isthmo-Colombian peoples to the south and east. Following the Spanish expedition of Christopher Columbus' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal Republic Of Central America
The Federal Republic of Central America ( es, República Federal de Centroamérica), originally named the United Provinces of Central America ( es, Provincias Unidas del Centro de América), and sometimes simply called Central America, in its first year of creation, was a sovereign state in Central America that consisted of the territories of the former Captaincy General of Guatemala of New Spain. It existed from July 1823 to February 1841 as a democratic republic. The republic consisted of the present-day Central American countries of Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua as well as the southern Mexican state of Chiapas. In the 1830s, a sixth state was added— Los Altos, with its capital in Quetzaltenango—occupying parts of what are now the western highlands of Guatemala and Chiapas. Shortly after Central America declared independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, some of its countries were annexed by the First Mexican Empire in 1822 and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Charles Frederic
Robert Charles Frederic (also spelled Frederick in his own correspondence) was the King of the Mosquito Nation, 1824–1842. Succession Robert Charles Frederic was educated in Jamaica. He became "king" following the death of his brother and predecessor, George Frederick, who was murdered by his own wife, and was subsequently crowned in British Honduras (now Belize) on 23 April 1824. A number of writers in the nineteenth century described the rapid succession of several kings between George Frederic and Robert Charles Frederic, which Olien has challenged on the basis of a careful reading of the original sources. Reign In a series of decrees issued on 26 October 1832, Robert Charles forbade his subjects to make raids on neighboring indigenous groups and abolished slavery in his domains, effective on 1 November. That same year, he also decreed that tax rates on "all free male subjects" over the age of 14 as well as foreigners would pay one dollar in tax (a decrease from the former ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Frederic Augustus I
George Frederic Augustus I (1798 – 1824) served from 1801–1824 as a mostly titular king of the mixed-race Miskito, as the Spanish called them, a Native people of Honduras. Although the title and office were hereditary, the "kings" held no real power, with all political power held by British superintendents in the region instead. Succession and regency George Frederic was quite young when his father and predecessor George II Frederic was murdered, according to the later visitor George Henderson, an act "attributed very openly to the designs of his brother Stephen." George II was pro-British, while Stephen was alleged to be pro-Spanish, and the so-called "General" Robinson, a chief and person of consequence in the native hierarchy, managed to organize a regency to prevent Stephen from taking power until George Frederic was of age. George Frederic maintained a fairly close connection to British authorities in Belize, for in 1802, British officials in Belize gave "the young Ki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George I (Miskito)
George I was king of the Miskito Kingdom from 1755 to 1776. He was brother of King Edward and son of Jeremy II and was chosen king because Edward's eldest son was still too young to rule. Divisions According to a report on the country written in 1773 by Brian Edwards, his lands were divided into two population groups, the "Samboes" (Miskito Sambu) who were mixed indigenous and African, and "pure Indians" ( Miskito Tawira); and was further divided into four domains: the domains of the king and the general in the north and west, inhabited by "Samboes" and the domains of the governor and admiral inhabited by "pure Indians." British settlers first reported this fourfold division in 1766 and it is possible that George created or consolidated it. Population Edwards also observed that in 1770, George's kingdom had a population that he estimated numbered between 7,000 and 10,000 fighting men, which at a ratio of four civilians to one fighter would make 28,000 and 40,000 people. In ad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward I (Moskito)
Edward I was king of the Mosquito Nation, from about 1729 until 1755. He was the eldest son of Jeremy II, and was young when he took office. In 1740 the Anglo-Spanish "War of Jenkins' Ear" broke out, and Great Britain was anxious to enlist the Miskitu on their side. To that end, Governor Trelawny of Jamaica created an office of "Superintendent of the Mosquito Shore" and entrusted it to Robert Hodgson. Hodgson arrived in 1740 and met with Edward and Governor John Briton, the other officials being either sick ( Admiral Dilly) or too far away (General Hobby). According to Hodgson's report, "I proceeded to acquaint them that, as they had long acknowledged themselves subjects of Great Britain, the governor of Jamaica had sent me to take possession of their country in his Majesty's name; then asked if they had anything to object. They answered, they had nothing to say against it, but were very glad I was come for that purpose. So I immediately set up the standard, and, reducing the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter I Of The Miskito Nation
Peter I was a ruler of the Miskito kingdom, 1729–1739. He came to power as a result of the death of his brother, his predecessor, probably Jeremy II. Another official, called the governor had died at the same time, and as a result there was a civil war that resulted in the loss of property belonging to some of the English traders in the area. Peter wrote to the governor of Jamaica to seek commissions, signed with the Great Seal of Jamaica for himself and for two officials, a "governor" to control the south and a "general A general officer is an officer of high rank in the armies, and in some nations' air forces, space forces, and marines or naval infantry. In some usages the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". OED ..." to control the north.Michael Olien, "The Miskito Kings and the Line of Succession," ''Journal of Anthropological Research'' 39 (1983) References Year of birth missing 18th-century deaths Miskito people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jeremy II
Jeremy II (c. 1639–1729) was King of the Miskitu Kingdom. Little is known about his reign, though he engaged in formal diplomatic agreements with the British colony of Jamaica. Life Spanish sources refer to the king of the Miskitu Kingdom during this period as Bernabé. Historians have noted that it remains unclear if the king called Jeremy in the famous account of the pirate "M. W." ruled from 1687 when Jeremy was reported in Jamaica to 1729 or whether there were two kings named Jeremy. According to Michael Olien, given the age of Jeremy I in 1699 (age 60) it seems unlikely that he was the same Jeremy who was ruling in 1720 as this would make him 80. The Spanish colonial governor of Guatemala dispatched ships loaded with expensive gifts for Jeremy; these were intended to persuade the Miskitu Kingdom to recognize Spanish suzerainty. However, the ships were intercepted and captured by British sloops and taken to Jamaica instead. On 25 June 1720, Nicholas Lawes, the governor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Henry Clarence
Robert Henry Clarence (6 September 1872 – 6 January 1908) also known as Robert II was the King of the Miskito Nation. He was born at the Public General Hospital in Kingston, Jamaica. He was the last hereditary chief of the Miskito in 1890–1894 and briefly during July to August 1894. Clarence succeeded to the chiefdom on the death of his cousin Jonathan Charles Frederick, Hereditary Chief of the Miskito, in July 1890. After his downfall, he was rescued by a British warship that took him into exile together with 200 refugees to Puerto Limon, Costa Rica, and later to Jamaica Jamaica (; ) is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea. Spanning in area, it is the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles and the Caribbean (after Cuba and Hispaniola). Jamaica lies about south of Cuba, and west of His .... He was granted a pension by the British government of £1,785 per annum, and remained head of the "royal house" in name until his death. Clarence died ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Santos Zelaya
José Santos Zelaya López (1 November 1853 in Managua – 17 May 1919 in New York City) was the President of Nicaragua from 25 July 1893 to 21 December 1909. Early life He was a son of José María Zelaya Irigoyen, who was originally from Olancho, Honduras, and his mistress Juana López Ramírez. His father José María was married to Rosario Fernández. Politics Zelaya was of Nicaragua's Liberal party and enacted a number of progressive programs, including improved public education, railroads, and established steam ship lines. He also enacted constitutional rights that provided for equal rights, property guarantees, habeas corpus, compulsory vote, compulsory education, the protection of arts and industry, minority representation, and the separation of state powers. However, his desire for national sovereignty often led him to policies contrary to foreign investors. In 1894, he took control of the Mosquito Coast by military force; it had long been the subject of dispu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Henry Clarence (1872-1908) Portrait
Robert Henry Clarence (6 September 1872 – 6 January 1908) also known as Robert II was the King of the Miskito Nation. He was born at the Public General Hospital in Kingston, Jamaica. He was the last hereditary chief of the Miskito in 1890–1894 and briefly during July to August 1894. Clarence succeeded to the chiefdom on the death of his cousin Jonathan Charles Frederick, Hereditary Chief of the Miskito, in July 1890. After his downfall, he was rescued by a British warship that took him into exile together with 200 refugees to Puerto Limon, Costa Rica, and later to Jamaica Jamaica (; ) is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea. Spanning in area, it is the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles and the Caribbean (after Cuba and Hispaniola). Jamaica lies about south of Cuba, and west of His .... He was granted a pension by the British government of £1,785 per annum, and remained head of the "royal house" in name until his death. Clarence died a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Henry Clarence (1833-1879), 13th King Of The Mosquito Nationt
William Henry Clarence (1856–1879) was King, or Hereditary Chief, of the Miskito. He was educated privately at Kingston, Jamaica. He succeeded on the death of his uncle George Augustus Frederic II George Augustus Frederic II was King of the Mosquito Nation from 1845 to 1864. He ruled at a time when the kingdom was subject to international rivalry. Early life He was born around 1833, the son of King Robert Charles Frederic. In 1840 King ..., 27 November 1865 and was crowned, 23 May 1866. He reigned under a Council of Regency until he came of age and assumed full ruling powers in 1874. He was poisoned on 5 May 1879, at age 23. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Clarence, William Henry Miskito people Deaths by poisoning 1856 births 1879 deaths 19th-century Jamaican people ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
