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House Of Grenier
The House of Granier (or Grenier ) was a prominent noble family during the Crusades founded at the beginning of the 12th century by Eustachius Granarius, a Flemish nobleman from the Diocese of Thérouanne in the County of Saint-Pol who became lord of Sidon and Caesarea near 1110. History Sidon was captured in December 1110 and given to Eustace Grenier.According to the 13th-century writer John of Ibelin The lordship was a coastal strip on the Mediterranean Sea between Tyre and Beirut. It was conquered by Saladin in 1187 and remained in Muslim hands until it was restored to Christian control by German Crusaders in the Crusade of 1197. Julian Grenier sold it to the Knights Templar after it was destroyed by the Mongols in 1260 after the Battle of Ain Jalut. One of the vassals of the lordship was the Lordship of the Shuf. Caesarea was granted to Eustace Granier (or Grenier) in 1010. His descendants continued to rule Caesarea until it became the property of John Alem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lordship Of Sidon
The Lordship of Sidon (french: Saete/Sagette), (Later County of Sidon) was one of the four major fiefdoms of the Kingdom of Jerusalem,According to the 13th-century writer John of Ibelin one of the Crusader States. However, in reality, it appears to have been much smaller than the others and had the same level of significance as several neighbors, such as Toron and Beirut, which were sub-vassals. Sidon was captured in December, 1110 and given to Eustace I Grenier. The lordship was a coastal strip on the Mediterranean Sea between Tyre and Beirut. It was conquered by Saladin in 1187 and remained in Muslim hands until it was restored to Christian control by German Crusaders in the Crusade of 1197. Julien Grenier sold it to the Knights Templar after it was destroyed by the Mongols in 1260 after the Battle of Ain Jalut. One of the vassals of the lordship was the Lordship of the Shuf. Rulers of Sidon * Eustace I Grenier (1110–1123) * Gerard Grenier (1123–1171) * Renaud Grenier ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Ain Jalut
The Battle of Ain Jalut (), also spelled Ayn Jalut, was fought between the Bahri Mamluks of Egypt and the Mongol Empire on 3 September 1260 (25 Ramadan 658 AH) in southeastern Galilee in the Jezreel Valley near what is known today as the Spring of Harod (). The battle marked the height of the extent of Mongol conquests, and was the first time a Mongol advance was permanently beaten back in direct combat on the battlefield. Continuing the westward expansion of the Mongol Empire, the armies of Hulagu Khan captured and sacked Baghdad in 1258, along with the Ayyubid capital of Damascus sometime later. Hulagu sent envoys to Cairo demanding Qutuz surrender Egypt, to which Qutuz responded by killing the envoys and displaying their heads on the Bab Zuweila gate of Cairo. Shortly after this, Möngke Khan was slain in battle against the Southern Song. Hulagu returned to Mongolia with the bulk of his army to attend the kurultai in accordance with Mongol customs, leaving approxim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Of Caesarea
John (died 1238–41) was the Lord of Caesarea from 1229 and an important figure in the kingdoms of Cyprus and Jerusalem. He was the only son of Walter III of Caesarea and Marguerite d'Ibelin, daughter of Balian of Ibelin. He was often called "the young lord of Caesarea" throughout his life to distinguish him from his father, who had been called "the old lord of Caesarea".John L. Lamonte, "The Lords of Caesarea in the Period of the Crusades", ''Speculum'' 22, 2 (1947): 156–58. Civil war (1229–32) John was a page at the feast held in Limassol in 1228, where the Emperor Frederick II tried to depose John's uncle, John of Ibelin, from his posts of Bailiff of Cyprus and Lord of Beirut. According to the chronicler Philip of Novara, John conspired with Anceau de Brie to assassinate Frederick on this occasion. He was dissuaded by his uncle, who said: " l Christendom would cry out: 'These traitors overseas have slain their lord the emperor.' Since he would be dead and we aliv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter III Of Caesarea
Walter III (French: ''Gautier''), sometimes called Walter de Brisebarre or Walter Grenier (bef. 1180 – 24 June 1229), was the Constable of the Kingdom of Cyprus from 1206 and Lord of Caesarea in the Kingdom of Jerusalem from 1216. He was the eldest son of Juliana Grenier, Lady of Caesarea, and Guy de Brisebarre. Since he was witnessing royal charters by 1195, he must have been born no later than 1180. In the 1220s he was generally referred to as "the old lord of Caesarea", although probably only in his fifties.John L. LaMonte, "The Lords of Caesarea in the Period of the Crusades", ''Speculum'' 22, 2 (1947): 154–56. He took part in two Crusades and in two civil wars on the side of the House of Ibelin. As a young man, Walter was frequently in attendance at the royal court. He witnessed charters of Henry I in 1195–96, Amalric II in 1198, and the regent John of Ibelin in 1206. On an act of Amalric's he is term "lord of Caesarea", although his mother was still living, as was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aymar De Lairon
Aymar de Lairon (died 1219), also Adeymar, Adémar or Aimerich, was the lord of Caesarea in jure uxoris, right of his wife from at least 1193 until her death between 1213 and 1216. During this period he was a prominent figure in the Kingdom of Jerusalem. As a widower he became the marshal of the Knights Hospitaller until his own death in battle. Lord of Caesarea Aymar witnessed a charter of Count Henry II of Champagne, husband of Queen Isabella I of Jerusalem, in 1193, subscribing as ''Azemarus Cesariensis dominus'' ("Aymar, Caesarean lord").John L. LaMonte, "The Lords of Caesarea in the Period of the Crusades", ''Speculum'' 22, 2 (1947): 153–54. He subscribed a second royal act with the same title the next year (1194). The wife in whose right he held the title, Juliana Grenier, Juliana, is not herself recorded as the lady of Caesarea until 1197, when together they confirmed a grant made by her brother, Walter II Grenier, Walter II, on his deathbed. Between 1201 and 1213 he and his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juliana Grenier
Juliana or Julianne Grenier (died 1213×16) was the Lady of Caesarea, which she inherited from her brother, Walter II, upon his death between 1189 and 1191. When she inherited the lordship, it had recently been conquered by Saladin, but in September 1192 it was restored to her rule by the Treaty of Jaffa. The city and its fortifications, however, were not rebuilt in her lifetime.John L. LaMonte, "The Lords of Caesarea in the Period of the Crusades", ''Speculum'' 22, 2 (1947): 152–54. Juliana was the only daughter of Lord Hugh of Caesarea and his wife, Isabelle. Her brother Walter seems to have granted her lands at Naplouse. The jurist John of Ibelin in his treatise on the '' Assises'' records a list of fiefs and the service they owed around 1184: a certain lady of Caesarea is said to have owed two knights' service for lands near Naplouse. Juliana's first husband, Guy, was a brother of Walter II Brisebarre, Lord of Beirut. They are first recorded as married in a royal charte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter II Grenier
Walter II Grenier (french: Gautier; died 1189×91) was the Lord of Caesarea, succeeding his older brother, Guy, between 1176 and 1182. The date of his birth is unknown. His parents, Hugh Grenier and Isabelle Goman, are recorded as husband and wife in five charters between 1160 and 1166.John L. LaMonte, "The Lords of Caesarea in the Period of the Crusades", ''Speculum'' 22, 2 (1947): 151–52. Walter and Guy witnessed a charter of King Amalric I in July 1174. He is not mentioned in any source before 1182, by which time he was already Lord of Caesarea. That year, with the consent of his sister, Julianne, and her husband, Guy of Beirut, he sold the '' casale'' of Galilaea, near Caesarea, to the military Order of the Hospital for 5,000 bezants. This act was drawn up by the royal chancellor, Archbishop William of Tyre, at the ''Haute Cour'' in Jerusalem and was witnessed by the highest-ranking men in the kingdom: King Baldwin IV, Lord Baldwin II of Ramla (Walter's step-father), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guy Grenier
Guy Grenier ('' floruit'' 1174–76) was the Lord of Caesarea. He was the eldest son of Lord Hugh Grenier and Isabelle (Elizabeth), daughter of John Goman. The date of his birth is unknown, though his parents are recorded as husband and wife in five charters between 1160 and 1166. He succeeded his father some time between May 1168 and July 1174, when he and his younger brother Walter II witnessed a charter of King Amalric I. Guy, with the other barons of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, signed as a witness to a charter of his step-father, Baldwin of Ibelin, in 1176.John L. LaMonte, "The Lords of Caesarea in the Period of the Crusades", ''Speculum'' 22, 2 (1947): 151. Guy is known only from the above two charters and is not mentioned among the Greniers in the ''Lignages d'Outremer The ''Lignages d'Outremer'' ("Lineages of Outremer") describe the pedigrees of the most important Crusader families. A first version was written in 1270 and is available in two manuscripts of the 14th cen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hugh Grenier
Hugh Grenier (bef. 1139 – 1168/74) was the Lord of Caesarea from 1149/54 until his death. He was the younger son of Walter I Grenier and his wife, Julianne. His older brother, Eustace (II), was prevented by leprosy from inheriting the lordship and it passed to Hugh.John L. LaMonte,The Lords of Caesarea in the Period of the Crusades, ''Speculum'' 22, 2 (1947): 149–51 (subscription or $10 purchase fee, Feb 2021). The date of Walter I's death and Hugh's accession is unknown. Walter was still alive and ruling in 1149, and Hugh's lordship is first attested by a royal charter of 1154. Unlike his father, Hugh had a close relationship with the Kings of Jerusalem, but like his father he was a patron of the Order of the Hospital. War leader Hugh was a regular attendant at the royal court under Baldwin III (1143–63), Melisende (regent, 1153–61) and Amalric I (1163–74): he signed as a witness to nine acts of each of the two kings and one of Melisende's. Hugh also witnessed several ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walter I Grenier
Walter I Grenier (or Walter of Caesarea) (died 1154) was the Lord of Caesarea in the Kingdom of Jerusalem, succeeding his father Eustace (died 1123). He was the twin brother of Gerard Grenier, Lord of Sidon (sometimes known as Eustace II). He was a member of the House of Grenier. According to William of Tyre, Walter was "of fine appearance and famous for his strength." His mother Emelota remarried Hugh II of Le Puiset, a cousin of Queen Melisende, whose relationship with the queen was suspected of being "too familiar." Walter, prompted by Melisende's husband King Fulk, accused his stepfather of treason before the '' Haute Cour''. Hugh denied the charge and it was decreed that the dispute should be settled by judicial combat, but Hugh did not show up on the appointed day; instead, he allied with the Muslim garrison at Ascalon and led a rebellion against Fulk. He was later sentenced to exile. In 1148 Walter was present at the Council of Acre, where the nobility of Jerusale ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balian Grenier
Balian I Grenier was the Count of Sidon and one of the most important lords of the Kingdom of Jerusalem from 1202 to 1241. He succeeded his father Renaud. His mother was Helvis, a daughter of Balian of Ibelin. He was a powerful and important representative of the native aristocracy during the three Levantine crusades of the first half of the thirteenth century. During the Fifth Crusade, Balian advised the troops of Andrew II of Hungary against sallying into the deserted regions of his county of Sidon, regions almost under Saracen control. The Hungarians refused to listen, however, and many were massacred during a Turcoman ambush. During the Sixth Crusade, Balian supported Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II for the throne of Jerusalem. He negotiated with Giordano Filangieri, brother of Richard Filangieri, sent by Frederick in 1228 to represent his authority in Acre until the emperor could make the trip in person. Balian was the chief native ally of the crusaders at the time when ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reginald Of Sidon
Reginald Grenier (1130s – 1202; also Reynald or Renaud) was Count of Sidon and an important noble in the late-12th century Kingdom of Jerusalem. Rise to fame Reginald was the son of Gerard of Sidon and Agnes of Bures, and a grandson of Eustace Grenier. He first rose to prominence in the Kingdom in 1170, when he married Agnes of Courtenay, who had been married three times before: firstly to Reginald of Marash, who left her a widow; secondly (possibly bigamously) to Amalric, Count of Jaffa and Ascalon and future King of Jerusalem, with whom she had two children, Baldwin IV of Jerusalem and Sibylla of Jerusalem; and thirdly to Hugh of Ibelin, her fiancé or husband before her marriage to Amalric. Her marriage to Amalric was annulled in 1163 when it was discovered that the two were related within the prohibited degrees of consanguinity. Some writers have claimed that the marriage between Agnes and Reginald of Sidon was annulled as well, as they were related within the prohibite ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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