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Horst Bickel
Horst Bickel (28 June 1918 – 1 December 2000) was a German medical doctor. With Guido Fanconi, he characterized Glycogen storage disease type XI in 1949. He was also involved in the development of treatments for phenylketonuria. In 1951, Bickel, Evelyn Hickmans and John Gerrard were persuaded by a persistent mother to help her daughter, Sheila, who was suffering from phenylketonuria. They created a diet that was low in phenylalanine and the daughter's condition improved. Bickel, Gerrard and Hickmans were awarded the John Scott Medal in 1962 for their discovery. His birthday, 28 June, which he shares with Robert Guthrie, another important person for Phenylketonuria was taken up by the European Society for Phenylketonuria and Allied Disorders Treated as Phenylketonuria The European Society for Phenylketonuria and Allied Disorders Treated as Phenylketonuria (E.S.PKU) is a Europe-based Nonprofit organization, non-profit organization. It was founded in 1987 by patient-driv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Horst BICKEL (1918-2000)
Horst may refer to: Science * Horst (geology), a raised fault block bounded by normal faults or graben People * Horst (given name) * Horst (surname) * ter Horst, Dutch surname * van der Horst, Dutch surname Places Settlements Germany * Horst, Steinburg, a municipality in the district of Steinburg in Schleswig-Holstein * Horst, Lauenburg, a municipality in the district of Lauenburg in Schleswig-Holstein * Horst, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, a village and district in the municipality of Sundhagen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern * , a district in the city of Gelsenkirchen, North Rhine-Westphalia * , a town in the municipality of Seevetal, Lower Saxony Netherlands * Horst aan de Maas, a municipality in the province of Limburg ** Horst, Limburg, the municipal seat of Horst aan de Maas * , a hamlet in the municipality of Ermelo, Gelderland * , a village in the municipality of Gilze en Rijen, North Brabant * Schothorst, , and , districts in the city and municipality of Amersfoort, Utrecht Polan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guido Fanconi
Guido Fanconi () (1 January 1892 – 10 October 1979) was a Swiss pediatrician. He was born in Poschiavo, a small village in the Canton of Grisons. Fanconi is regarded as one of the founders of modern pediatrics. He received his secondary school education in Zurich. In 1911, he began his medical training in Lausanne. In 1920, he entered the Kinderspital (Children's Hospital) of the University of Zurich, where, with the exception of one year, he remained for 45 years. Fanconi recognized the importance of biochemistry to clinical medicine. In 1929 he succeeded Emil Feer as professor of pediatrics and head of the Kinderspital. Under his direction, it became one of the most renowned children's hospitals in the world. There are several medical conditions named after Dr. Fanconi. In 1927 he described hereditary panmyelopathy with short stature and hyperpigmentation, better known as Fanconi anemia. In 1934 the first cases of cystic fibrosis of the pancreas were described in a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glycogen Storage Disease Type XI
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH or LD) is an enzyme found in nearly all living cells. LDH catalyzes the conversion of lactate to pyruvate and back, as it converts NAD+ to NADH and back. A dehydrogenase is an enzyme that transfers a hydride from one molecule to another. LDH exists in four distinct enzyme classes. This article is specifically about the NAD(P)-dependent L-lactate dehydrogenase. Other LDHs act on D-lactate and/or are dependent on cytochrome c: D-lactate dehydrogenase (cytochrome) and L-lactate dehydrogenase (cytochrome). LDH is expressed extensively in body tissues, such as blood cells and heart muscle. Because it is released during tissue damage, it is a marker of common injuries and disease such as heart failure. Reaction Lactate dehydrogenase catalyzes the interconversion of pyruvate and lactate with concomitant interconversion of NADH and NAD+. It converts pyruvate, the final product of glycolysis, to lactate when oxygen is absent or in short supply, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phenylketonuria
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inborn error of metabolism that results in decreased metabolism of the amino acid phenylalanine. Untreated PKU can lead to intellectual disability, seizures, behavioral problems, and mental disorders. It may also result in a musty smell and lighter skin. A baby born to a mother who has poorly treated PKU may have heart problems, a small head, and low birth weight. Phenylketonuria is an inherited genetic disorder. It is due to mutations in the '' PAH'' gene, which results in low levels of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase. This results in the buildup of dietary phenylalanine to potentially toxic levels. It is autosomal recessive, meaning that both copies of the gene must be mutated for the condition to develop. There are two main types, classic PKU and variant PKU, depending on whether any enzyme function remains. Those with one copy of a mutated gene typically do not have symptoms. Many countries have newborn screening programs for the disease. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evelyn Hickmans
Evelyn Marion Hickmans (9 April 1882 - 16 January 1972) was a pioneer in developing a treatment for phenylketonuria together with Horst Bickel and John Gerrard. She was an author and co- author of publications about blood chemistry and childhood diseases. Early life Evelyn was born in 1882 in Wolverhampton. Professional career She took her first and master's degrees at the University of Birmingham. One of the first biochemists appointed in Birmingham, she worked closely in the 1920s with Dr Leonard Parsons, first Lecturer in the Diseases of Childhood appointed to Birmingham Medical School, later appointed the School's first chair in paediatrics (1928). Their work on fat absorption in cases of coeliac syndromes, would be further clarified by work undertaken by Parson's successor, Professor J. M. Smellie and a team that would include John Gerrard and Charlotte Anderson. Hickmans came to notice when she, Horst Bickel and John Gerrard were persuaded by a persistent mother to help he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phenylalanine
Phenylalanine (symbol Phe or F) is an essential α-amino acid with the formula . It can be viewed as a benzyl group substituted for the methyl group of alanine, or a phenyl group in place of a terminal hydrogen of alanine. This essential amino acid is classified as neutral, and nonpolar because of the inert and hydrophobic nature of the benzyl side chain. The L-isomer is used to biochemically form proteins coded for by DNA. Phenylalanine is a precursor for tyrosine, the monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and epinephrine (adrenaline), and the skin pigment melanin. It is encoded by the codons UUU and UUC. Phenylalanine is found naturally in the milk of mammals. It is used in the manufacture of food and drink products and sold as a nutritional supplement for its analgesic and antidepressant effects. It is a direct precursor to the neuromodulator phenethylamine, a commonly used dietary supplement. As an essential amino acid, phenylalanine is n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Scott Medal
John Scott Award, created in 1816 as the John Scott Legacy Medal and Premium, is presented to men and women whose inventions improved the "comfort, welfare, and happiness of human kind" in a significant way. "...the John Scott Medal Fund, established in 1816...". Since 1919 the Board of Directors of City Trusts of Philadelphia provide this award, recommended by an advisory committee. Eugene Garfield is member of the Advisory Committee. In 1822 the first awards were given to thirteen people by the Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture entrusted by the " Corporation of the city of Philadelphia". The druggist John Scott of Edinburgh organized a $4,000 fund which, after his death in 1815 was administered by a merchant until the first award, a copper medal and "an amount not to exceed twenty dollars", was given in 1822. (At the time, $20 could buy one ox or a 12-volume encyclopedia.) Several hundred recipients have since been selected by the City Council of Philadelphia, whic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Guthrie
Robert Guthrie, MD, Ph.D. (June 28, 1916 – June 24, 1995) was an American microbiologist, best known for developing the bacterial inhibition assay used to screen infants for phenylketonuria at birth, before the development of irreversible neurological damage. Guthrie also pioneered the collection of whole blood on specially designed filter paper, commonly known as "Guthrie cards" as a sample medium that could be easily collected, transported and tested. Although Guthrie is best known for developing the test for phenylketonuria, he worked tirelessly to raise awareness of the need to screen for treatable conditions and adapted his method to early screening tests for galactosemia and maple syrup urine disease. Early life Guthrie received his doctorate from the University of Minnesota, although his education took a circuitous route, as he eventually earned six degrees in six years, including both a medical doctorate and a doctor of philosophy. While in school, Guthrie married ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Society For Phenylketonuria And Allied Disorders Treated As Phenylketonuria
The European Society for Phenylketonuria and Allied Disorders Treated as Phenylketonuria (E.S.PKU) is a Europe-based Nonprofit organization, non-profit organization. It was founded in 1987 by patient-driven associations to help improve the treatment of phenylketonuria (PKU) in Europe. Organization The E.S.PKU has 41 member organizations from across Europe. One of the later countries to join was the French association Les Feux Follets in 2013. A member organization has to be a non-profit organization on a national level dealing with phenylketonuria patients. The E.S.PKU executive board is elected by the annual general meeting every three years and consists of volunteers. The Scientific advisory committee oversees projects like the European Guidelines and collects data to support studies in the field of phenylketonuria. Besides the political work (such as METAB-ERN or EXCEMED) on European level, the E.S.PKU hosts an annual conference. Projects Benchmark report The E.S.PKU ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Biochemists
German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Germanic peoples (Roman times) * German language **any of the Germanic languages * German cuisine, traditional foods of Germany People * German (given name) * German (surname) * Germán, a Spanish name Places * German (parish), Isle of Man * German, Albania, or Gërmej * German, Bulgaria * German, Iran * German, North Macedonia * German, New York, U.S. * Agios Germanos, Greece Other uses * German (mythology), a South Slavic mythological being * Germans (band), a Canadian rock band * "German" (song), a 2019 song by No Money Enterprise * ''The German'', a 2008 short film * "The Germans", an episode of ''Fawlty Towers'' * ''The German'', a nickname for Congolese rebel André Kisase Ngandu See also * Germanic (other) * Germa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1918 Births
This year is noted for the end of the World War I, First World War, on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month, as well as for the Spanish flu pandemic that killed 50–100 million people worldwide. Events Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix. January * January – 1918 flu pandemic: The "Spanish flu" (influenza) is first observed in Haskell County, Kansas. * January 4 – The Finnish Declaration of Independence is recognized by Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Soviet Russia, Sweden, German Empire, Germany and France. * January 9 – Battle of Bear Valley: U.S. troops engage Yaqui people, Yaqui Native American warriors in a minor skirmish in Arizona, and one of the last battles of the American Indian Wars between the United States and Native Americans. * January 15 ** The keel of is laid in Britain, the first purpose-designed aircraft carrier to be laid down. ** The Red Army (The Workers and Peasants Red Army) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
