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History Of Women In Engineering In The United Kingdom
Women have played a role in engineering in the United Kingdom for hundreds of years, despite the various societal barriers facing them. In the 18th and 19th century, there were few formal training opportunities for women to train as engineers and frequently women were introduced to engineering through family companies or their spouses. Some women did have more formal educations in the late 19th century and early 20th century, normally in mathematics or science subjects. There are several examples of women filing patents in the 19th century, including Sarah Guppy, Henrietta Vansittart and Hertha Ayrton. During the first two decades of the 20th century new opportunities arose for women to go to university and earn degrees and there were increasing numbers of women studying maths and physics at universities across the UK. The job opportunities for women opened up by World War I meant many women were trained in various forms of engineering. In 1919, the Women's Engineering Society (WE ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Engineering
Engineering is the use of scientific method, scientific principles to design and build machines, structures, and other items, including bridges, tunnels, roads, vehicles, and buildings. The discipline of engineering encompasses a broad range of more specialized List of engineering branches, fields of engineering, each with a more specific emphasis on particular areas of applied mathematics, applied science, and types of application. See glossary of engineering. The term ''engineering'' is derived from the Latin ''ingenium'', meaning "cleverness" and ''ingeniare'', meaning "to contrive, devise". Definition The American Engineers' Council for Professional Development (ECPD, the predecessor of Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology, ABET) has defined "engineering" as: The creative application of scientific principles to design or develop structures, machines, apparatus, or manufacturing processes, or works utilizing them singly or in combination; or to construct o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Margaret, Lady Moir
Margaret, Lady Moir, OBE (née Margaret Bruce Pennycook) (10 January 18645 October 1942) was a Scottish lathe operator, engineer, a workers' relief organiser, an employment campaigner, and a founder member of the Women's Engineering Society (WES). She went on to become vice-president and president of WES, and in 1931 president of the Electrical Association for Women (EAW), in which role she gave full expression to her belief that 'the dawn of the all-electric era' was at hand. She had no doubt about the importance of this development in freeing women to pursue careers outside the home: Moir was appointed an OBE in recognition of her work during the First World War in organising the Week End Relief Scheme for women workers and in raising money for the National War Savings Committee. As the wife of the prominent civil engineer Sir Ernest Moir (1862–1933), she described herself as 'an engineer by marriage'. She organised a simplified engineering course for women at several ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loughborough University
Loughborough University (abbreviated as ''Lough'' or ''Lboro'' for post-nominals) is a public research university in the market town of Loughborough, Leicestershire, England. It has been a university since 1966, but it dates back to 1909, when Loughborough Technical Institute began with a focus on skills directly applicable in the wider world. In March 2013, the university announced it had bought the former broadcast centre at the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park as a second campus. It belonged to the 1994 Group of smaller research universities until the group dissolved in November 2013. Its annual income for 2020–21 was £308.9 million, of which £35.5 million was from research grants and contracts. History The university traces its roots back to 1909 when a Technical Institute was founded in the town centre. There followed a period of rapid expansion, during which it was renamed Loughborough College and development of the present campus began. In early years, efforts were made ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Newnham College, Cambridge
Newnham College is a women's Colleges of the University of Cambridge, constituent college of the University of Cambridge. The college was founded in 1871 by a group organising Lectures for Ladies, members of which included philosopher Henry Sidgwick and suffragist campaigner Millicent Fawcett, Millicent Garrett Fawcett. It was the second women's college to be founded at Cambridge, following Girton College, Cambridge, Girton College. The College is celebrating its 150th anniversary throughout 2021 and 2022. History The history of Newnham begins with the formation of the Association for Promoting the Higher Education of Women in Cambridge in 1869. The progress of women at Cambridge University owes much to the pioneering work undertaken by the philosopher Henry Sidgwick, fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, Trinity. Lectures for Ladies had been started in Cambridge in 1869,Stefan Collini, ‘Sidgwick, Henry (1838–1900)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford Universi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hilda Lyon
Hilda Margaret Lyon, MA, MSc, AFRAeS (31 May 1896 – 2 December 1946) was a British engineer who invented the "Lyon Shape", a streamlined design used for airships and submarines. Early life and education Lyon was born in 1896 in Market Weighton, Yorkshire. She was the youngest daughter of Thomas and Margaret Lyon (née Green); her father was a grocer. Hilda Lyon attended Beverley High School and then in 1915 went to Newnham College, Cambridge, from which she obtained a MA in mathematics. Career in aviation After graduating, Lyon took an Air Ministry course in aeroplane stress-analysis and then obtained a job as a technical assistant. She saw no prospect of promotion or more responsibility "for a woman mathematician" in this job, so she and her sister quit their jobs and went to Switzerland for six weeks. In 1918, Lyon worked as an Aircraft Technical Assistant for Siddeley-Deasy. She moved to George Parnall & Co. in 1920. Around 1922, Lyon was admitted as an Assoc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bedford College, London
file:Bedford College in York place - photographer is unknown but guess 1908.png, Bedford College was in York Place after 1874 Bedford College was founded in London in 1849 as the first higher education college for education of women, women in the United Kingdom. In 1900, it became a constituent of the University of London. Having played a leading role in the advancement of women in higher education and public life in general, it became fully coeducational (i.e. open to men) in the 1960s. In 1985, Bedford College merged with Royal Holloway College, another constituent of the University of London, to form Royal Holloway and Bedford New College. This remains the official name, but it is commonly called Royal Holloway, University of London (RHUL). History Foundation The college was founded by Elizabeth Jesser Reid (''née'' Sturch) in 1849, a social reformer and anti-slavery activist, who had been left a private income by her late husband, Dr John Reid, which she used to patronise v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Margaret Partridge
Margaret Mary Partridge (8 April 1891 – 27 October 1967) was an electrical engineer, contractor and founder member of the Women's Engineering Society (WES) and the Electrical Association for Women (EAW). Her business worked with WES to identify and employ female apprentices, including Beatrice Shilling. Partridge also helped campaign to change the International Labour Organisation convention on night work for women in 1934, after Shilling was found working on her own in a power station at night, thus contravening the existing regulations. Early life and education Margaret Partridge was born in Nymet Rowland, Devon on 8 April 1891, elder daughter (she also having two brothers) of independently wealthy landowner John Leonard James Partridge (1859–1922) and Eleanor Parkhouse (1858–1926), née Joyce. She was educated at Bedford High School, Bedford, and obtained the Arnott and Jane Benson scholarship to study mathematics at Bedford College, London from 1911, where she gra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Newspaper Archive
The British Newspaper Archive web site provides access to searchable digitized archives of British and Irish newspapers. It was launched in November 2011. History The British Library Newspapers section was based in Colindale in north London, until 2013, and is now divided between the St Pancras and Boston Spa sites. The library has an almost complete collection of British and Irish newspapers since 1840. This is partly because of the legal deposit legislation of 1869, which required newspapers to supply a copy of each edition of a newspaper to the library. London editions of national daily and Sunday newspapers are complete back to 1801. In total, the collection consists of 660,000 bound volumes and 370,000 reels of microfilm containing tens of millions of newspapers with 52,000 titles on 45 km of shelves. After the closure of Colindale in November 2013, access to the 750 million original printed pages was maintained via an automated and climate-controlled storage facilit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Liverpool
, mottoeng = These days of peace foster learning , established = 1881 – University College Liverpool1884 – affiliated to the federal Victoria Universityhttp://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukla/2004/4 University of Manchester Act 2004. legislation.gov.uk (4 July 2011). Retrieved on 14 September 2011.1903 – royal charter , type = Public , endowment = £190.2 million (2020) , budget = £597.4 million (2020–21) , city = Liverpool , country = England , campus = Urban , coor = , chancellor = Colm Tóibín , vice_chancellor = Dame Janet Beer , head_label = Visitor , head = The Lord President of the Council '' ex officio'' , students = () , undergrad = () , postgrad = () , colours = The University , affiliations = Russell Group, EUA, N8 Group, NWUA, AACSB, AMBA, EQUIS, EASN, Universities UK , website = , logo = Universit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nina Cameron Graham
Nina Cameron Walley (''née'' Graham; 11 March 1891-24 March 1974) was the first woman to receive an engineering degree in Britain. Early life and education Nina Cameron Graham was born in Liscard, Cheshire to Mary Cameron Graham (née Slater) and Captain Charles Graham, a former sea captain and chairman at Seamen's and Boatmen's Friend Society. Walley attended the University of Liverpool on general BSc before switching to engineering. She received 2nd division result on the final examinations, including "a gruelling six-hour exam" where she had to design a railway bridge, that awarded her a degree of Bachelor of Engineering. Life in Canada After graduating, Walley travelled to Canada and on 12 October 1912, she married Cecil Stephen Walley (1890-1960), a fellow University of Liverpool engineering student, who had graduated two years earlier in 1910. Walley was driven to the church and ''given away'' by her cousin, Colin Inkster, then Sheriff of Winnipeg. On their honeymo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portrait From Tripota Website
A portrait is a painting, photograph, sculpture, or other artistic representation of a person, in which the face and its expressions are predominant. The intent is to display the likeness, personality, and even the mood of the person. For this reason, in photography a portrait is generally not a snapshot, but a composed image of a person in a still position. A portrait often shows a person looking directly at the painter or photographer, in order to most successfully engage the subject with the viewer. History Prehistorical portraiture Plastered human skulls were reconstructed human skulls that were made in the ancient Levant between 9000 and 6000 BC in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic B period. They represent some of the oldest forms of art in the Middle East and demonstrate that the prehistoric population took great care in burying their ancestors below their homes. The skulls denote some of the earliest sculptural examples of portraiture in the history of art. Historical portraitu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caroline Haslett
Dame Caroline Harriet Haslett DBE, JP (17 August 1895 – 4 January 1957) was an English electrical engineer, electricity industry administrator and champion of women's rights. She was the first secretary of the Women's Engineering Society and the founder and editor of its journal, ''The Woman Engineer''.'Dame Caroline Haslett: Outstanding Woman Engineer', ''The Times'', 5 January 1957 She was co-founder, alongside Laura Annie Willson and with the support of Margaret, Lady Moir, of the Electrical Association for Women, which pioneered such 'wonders', as they were described in contemporary magazines, as the All-Electric House in Bristol in 1935. She became the first director of the Electrical Association for Women in 1925. Her chief interest was in harnessing the benefits of electrical power to emancipate women from household chores, so that they could pursue their own ambitions outside the home.. In the early 1920s, few houses had electric light or heating, let alone electrica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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