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Henneke Horse Body Condition Scoring System
The Henneke horse body condition scoring system is a numerical scale used to evaluate the amount of fat on a horse's body. It was developed in the early 1980s by Don Henneke at Texas A&M University with the goal of creating a universal scale to assess horses' bodyweight, and was first published in 1983. It is a standardized system that can be used across all breeds without specialized equipment; condition is assessed visually and by palpation. Scores range from 1 to 9 with one being poor and nine being extremely fat; the ideal range for most horses is from 4 to 6. The system is based on both visual appraisal and palpable fat cover of the six major points of the horse. The system is used by law enforcement agencies as an objective method of scoring a horse's body condition in horse cruelty cases. The concept of a body condition score (BCS) has been adapted for other livestock, especially cattle. Obesity in cats and dogs can be relatively easily diagnosed this way. Scoring system ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Busskirch - Jona (SG) 2011-03-20 17-30-00
Busskirch is a village (''Kirchdorf'') within the municipality of Rapperswil-Jona in the canton of St. Gallen, Switzerland. Geography The village is located along the northern shore of the ''Obersee'' lakeshore between Jona and Bollingen. Busskirch was part of the former municipality of Jona: On January 1, 2007, the former municipalities of Rapperswil and Jona merged to form the new political entity Rapperswil-Jona. History Roman era Beginning in the 1st century A.D., Busskirch was a Roman lakeside settlement that served as a stage town on the intersection of the streets to Kempraten (Latin: ''Centum Prata'') respectively Zürich ('' Turicum''), Winterthur ('' Vitudurum'') and to Chur (''Curia Rhaetorum'') respectively on the waterway Walensee–Zürichsee to Rome's alpine route. St. Martin Busskirch church Busskirch is first mentioned in 842/843 A.D. as ''Fossonas ecclesiam'', in 854 as ''Fussinchirichun'' and in 1209 as ''Buschilche''. «''A little church dreami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Horse Breeding
Horse breeding is reproduction in horses, and particularly the human-directed process of selective breeding of animals, particularly purebred horses of a given breed. Planned matings can be used to produce specifically desired characteristics in domesticated horses. Furthermore, modern breeding management and technologies can increase the rate of conception, a healthy pregnancy, and successful foaling. Terminology The male parent of a horse, a stallion, is commonly known as the ''sire'' and the female parent, the mare, is called the ''dam''. Both are genetically important, as each parent genes can be existent with a 50% probability in the foal. Contrary to popular misuse, "colt" refers to a young male horse only; "filly" is a young female. Though many horse owners may simply breed a family mare to a local stallion in order to produce a companion animal, most professional breeders use selective breeding to produce individuals of a given phenotype, or breed. Alternatively, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Horse Teeth
Horse teeth refers to the dentition of equine species, including horses and donkeys. Equines are both heterodontous and diphyodontous, which means that they have teeth in more than one shape (there are up to five shapes of tooth in a horse's mouth), and have two successive sets of teeth, the deciduous ("baby teeth") and permanent sets. As grazing animals, good dentition is essential to survival. Continued grazing creates specific patterns of wear, which can be used along with patterns of eruption to estimate the age of the horse. Types of teeth A fully developed horse of around five years of age will have between 36 and 44 teeth. All equines are heterodontous, which means that they have different shaped teeth for different purposes. All horses have twelve incisors at the front of the mouth, used primarily for cutting food, most often grass, whilst grazing. They are also used as part of a horse's attack or defence against predators, or as part of establishing social hier ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction
Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID), or equine Cushing's disease, is an endocrine disease affecting the pituitary gland of horses. It is most commonly seen in older animals, and is classically associated with the formation of a long, wavy coat (hirsutism) and chronic laminitis. Pathophysiology Unlike the human and canine forms of Cushing's disease, which most commonly affect the ''pars distalis'' region of the pituitary gland, equine Cushing's disease is a result of hyperplasia or adenoma formation in the pars intermedia. This adenoma then secretes excessive amounts of normal products, leading to clinical signs. Dopaminergic control of the pars intermedia The pituitary gland consists of three parts: the ''pars nervosa'', the ''pars intermedia'', and the ''pars distalis''. The most critical structure to PPID, the ''pars intermedia'', is regulated by the hypothalamus. The neurons of the hypothalamus innervate cells known as melanotropes within the ''pars intermedia'', relea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equine Metabolic Syndrome
Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) is an endocrinopathy affecting horses and ponies. It is of primary concern due to its link to obesity, insulin dysregulation, and subsequent laminitis. There are some similarities in clinical signs between EMS and pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction, also known as PPID or Cushing's disease, and some equines may develop both, but they are not the same condition, having different causes and different treatment. Pathogenesis The cells of adipose (fat) tissue synthesizes hormones known as adipokines. In humans, dysfunction of adipose tissue, even in cases without obesity, has been associated with the development of insulin resistance, hypertension, systemic inflammation, and increased risk of blood clots (thrombosis). The inflammation produced by these hormones are thought to inflame adipose tissue, leading to the production of more adipokines and perpetuation of the cycle, and a constant low-level, pro-inflammatory state. Although it is suspected th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Truckee, California
Truckee is an incorporated town in Nevada County, California, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 16,180, reflecting an increase of 2,316 from the 13,864 counted in the 2000 Census and having the 316th highest population in California and 2114th in the United States. Name Truckee's existence began in 1863 as Gray's Station, named for Joseph Gray's Roadhouse on the trans-Sierra wagon road. A blacksmith named Samuel S. Coburn was there almost from the beginning, and by 1866 the area was known as Coburn's Station. The Central Pacific Railroad selected Truckee as the name of its railroad station by August 1867, even though the tracks would not reach the station until a year later in 1868. It was renamed Truckee after a Paiute chief, whose assumed Paiute name was Tru-ki-zo. He was the father of Chief Winnemucca and grandfather of Sarah Winnemucca. The first Europeans who came to cross the Sierra Nevada encountered his tribe. The friendly chief ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tevis Cup
The Western States Trail Ride, popularly called the Tevis Cup, is a 100-mile endurance ride. The amateur event has been held annually since 1955 except in 2008 when it was cancelled due to forest fires and in 2020 when it was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The ride is sanctioned by the American Endurance Ride Conference (AERC) which has recognized Tevis as the founding ride of endurance riding. The ride is sponsored by thWestern States Trail Foundation (WSTF) Background The ride is held in El Dorado and Placer County, California, starting at 5:15 a.m. at Robie Equestrian Park () near the town of Truckee, across the crest of the Sierra Nevada near the Squaw Valley Ski Resort, traverses through El Dorado County and ends at 5:15 a.m. near the fairgrounds in Placer County in Auburn. There are mandatory holds for rest and veterinarian evaluation, typically one at Robinson Flat (~30 milepost) and the other at Foresthill (~70 milepost). There are many other points ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Purina Race Of Champions
Purina may refer to: *Ralston Purina, an American pet food company that was acquired in 2001 *Nestlé Purina PetCare Nestlé Purina Petcare (), or simply Purina, is an American subsidiary of the Swiss corporation Nestlé, based in St. Louis, Missouri. It produces and markets pet food, treats, cat and dog litter. Some of its pet food brands include Purina Pro P ..., the pet food division of Swiss-based Nestlé S.A., and the acquirer of Ralston Purina Company in 2001 (subsequently merged with Nestlé's Friskies PetCare Company) * Purina Mills, a farm animal feed company that was spun off from Ralston Purina Company {{disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foal
A foal is an equine up to one year old; this term is used mainly for horses, but can be used for donkeys. More specific terms are colt for a male foal and filly for a female foal, and are used until the horse is three or four. When the foal is nursing from its dam (mother), it may also be called a "suckling". After it has been weaned from its dam, it may be called a "weanling". When a mare is pregnant, she is said to be "in foal". When the mare gives birth, she is "foaling", and the impending birth is usually stated as "to foal". A newborn horse is "foaled". After a horse is one year old, it is no longer a foal, and is a "yearling". There are no special age-related terms for young horses older than yearlings. When young horses reach breeding maturity, the terms change: a filly over three (four in horse racing) is called a mare, and a colt over three is called a stallion. A castrated male horse is called a gelding regardless of age; however, colloquially, the term "gelding col ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hard Keeper
A hard keeper or (British English) poor doer is a horse or other livestock animal that is naturally prone to be thin, will lose weight quickly, and has difficulty gaining weight. A horse that is too thin is not necessarily a hard keeper. The animal may be ill, elderly, or has not been provided adequate nutrition. Whenever a horse is too thin, it is well-advised to have a veterinarian give the horse a thorough examination and recommend the best course of action. The opposite of a hard keeper is an ''easy keeper'' (''good doer''); an animal that can live on relatively little food and is prone to obesity and other health problems associated with a too-rich diet. In contrast, a truly hard keeper is almost never fat under any circumstances. Description It is extremely rare for a pony or a donkey to be a hard keeper. The condition is most often seen in light horse breeds that have either a naturally high-strung temperament or breeds that tend to a very lean phenotype and are then su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Easy Keeper
Easy may refer to: Arts and entertainment Film and television * ''Easy'' (film), a 2003 American romantic comedy film *''Easy!'', or ''Scialla!'', a 2011 Italian comedy film * ''Easy'' (TV series), a 2016–2019 American comedy-drama anthology series Music Albums * ''Easy'' (Easybeats album), 1965 * ''Easy'' (Grant Green album), 1978 * ''Easy'' (Grinspoon album), 1999 * ''Easy'' (Kelly Willis album) or the title song, 2002 * ''Easy'' (Marvin Gaye and Tammi Terrell album), 1969 * ''Easy'' (Nancy Wilson album), 1968 * ''Easy'' (Ralph McTell album), 1974 *''Easy'', by Cowboy Mouth, 2000 Songs * "Easy" (Commodores song), 1977; covered by Faith No More, 1992 * "Easy" (Camila Cabello song), 2019 * "Easy" (Cro song), 2012 * "Easy" (DaniLeigh song), 2019 * "Easy" (Dragonette song), 2010 * "Easy" (Ice MC song), 1989 * "Easy" (Mat Zo and Porter Robinson song), 2013 * "Easy" (Pale Waves song), 2021 * "Easy" (Paula DeAnda song), 2007 * "Easy" (Rascal Flatts song), featuring Natasha Bedingf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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