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Hegvald
Hegvald (also Hegwald, Hegwaldr, fl. c. 1175-1200) was a Romanesque stone sculptor of baptismal fonts, working on Gotland. Works The name of Hegvald is derived from a rune inscription on one of the baptismal fonts attributed to the sculptor, but the name may also be that of a patron. On stylistic grounds, 11 baptismal fonts on Gotland have been attributed to the, in effect, anonymous master sculptor. He seems to have started as an apprentice in the workshop of the somewhat earlier Majestatis. His style is characterised by its mix between classic Romanesque and lingering Norse influences. The works attributed to Hegvald are expressive on the verge of grotesque, somewhat vernacular and typically sculpting covers the whole of the font, including the base and foot. Baptismal fonts from his atelier can be found in När, Sjonhem, Stånga, Halla and Etelhem churches, all on Gotland, as well as in the Swedish Museum of National Antiquities in Stockholm. He is also attributed as the arti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stånga Church
Stånga Church ( sv, Stånga kyrka) is a medieval church in Stånga on the Swedish island of Gotland. The site of the church has probably been considered sacred since before the Christianization of Scandinavia. The oldest parts of the current stone church date from the first half of the 13th century when an earlier wooden church was replaced. The building was substantially altered during the 14th century with the construction of a new nave. Most likely, the intent was to rebuild the entire edifice, but this did not occur for unknown reasons. A group of large Gothic sculptures, currently immured next to the south portal of the church, was possibly intended for a new tower that was never built. These sculptures are among the most unusual Gothic works of art in Sweden. In the 19th century, when the chancel and the apse of the church had to be replaced due to structural damage, the congregation chose to rebuild them as similar as possible to the medieval building. The church belong ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halla Church, Gotland
Halla Church ( sv, Halla kyrka) is a medieval church in Halla on the Swedish island Gotland. It is part of the Diocese of Visby. History and architecture The oldest part of Halla Church is the Romanesque nave, dating from circa 1200. The tower is slightly later, while the disproportionately large choir is from the middle of the 14th century, in Gothic style and replacing an older on the same spot. Scholars have concluded that there were plans to replace the whole church with a Gothic edifice, but the builders probably ran out of funds after constructing the choir. The exterior of the church is thus a mix of Romanesque and Gothic. A few sculpted stones decorate the Romanesque nave. They were possibly made by the sculptor known as Sigraf. Two fragmentary runestones are immured in the choir, one containing the phrase "...men from Lübeck killed...". The choir portal is decorated with sculptured capitals. Inside, the nave is dominated by a large painted ceiling, dating from 16 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Etelhem Church
Etelmhem Church ( sv, Etelhems kyrka) is a medieval church on the Swedish island of Gotland. The largely Gothic church contains medieval murals and a 12th-century baptismal font by the sculptor Hegvald. The church is used by the Church of Sweden and part of Diocese of Visby. History and architecture The first church erected on the site was probably a small Romanesque stone church, of which only fragments remain. The oldest part of the presently visible, mainly Gothic church is the tower, erected in the early 13th century and still in Romanesque style. The choir and nave seem to have been built circa 1300. The vestry is the latest addition to the church, stemming from the 17th century. The exterior of the church displays a few sculpted elements of Romanesque origins, and a likewise Romanesque northern portal. Inside, the church is decorated with murals from two different periods. The oldest ones, dating from the 14th century, are fragmentary, while the somewhat later (15th centu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vänge Church, Gotland
Vänge Church ( sv, Vänge kyrka) is a medieval church in Vänge on the island of Gotland, Sweden. Its oldest parts date to circa 1200. It belongs to the Diocese of Visby. History and architecture The Romanesque church tower is the oldest part of the church. It was built circa 1200. Originally it was attached to a Romanesque church, the nave and choir of which however was replaced with the presently visible Gothic parts at the end of the 13th century. The sacristy is the only non-medieval part of the church; it was built in 1866. The exterior of the church is decorated with Romanesque reliefs, re-used from the earlier church and incorporated into the Gothic structure. Inside, the choir retains traces of original medieval murals. Several of the church fittings are medieval. The baptismal font dates from the 12th century and was made by the sculptor Hegvald; it is considered one of the artist's finest pieces. The church also houses a triumphal cross from the same century. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sigraf
Sigraf (also Sighraf, Sighrafr, fl. c.1175–1210) was a Romanesque stone sculptor, working on Gotland. He was mainly active as a sculptor of baptismal fonts, but also of reliquaries, carved pillars and reliefs. He was the most productive of several early medieval stone sculptors making baptismal fonts on Gotland. Works Unusually, this early medieval master stone sculptor is known by name since he has signed one of the fonts attributed to him (in Aa Church, on Bornholm island in Denmark) with runes, ''Sighraf Master''. He was active on Gotland island, working in local sandstone and making inscriptions in Old Gutnish. The works of his atelier were exported to several places around the Baltic Sea, and he seems to have been the first sculptor of Romanesque fonts on Gotland to focus mainly on export, possibly because his home market was beginning to become satisfied. He was trained locally and his oeuvre displays similarities with earlier stone sculptors from Gotland, e.g. Semi-By ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Majestatis
Majestatis ( la, Magister Majestatis Domini, ''The Master of Christ in Majesty'', usually shortened to Majestatis and sometimes referred to as the Tryde Master, fl. second half of the 12th century) was a Romanesque stone sculptor and the creator of several richly decorated baptismal fonts mainly in Scania and on Gotland (present-day Sweden). Life and works The name ''Majestatis'' is a notname assigned to the artist or workshop; it is possible that an atelier rather than a single artist was responsible for the works attributed to Majestatis. Art historian Johnny Roosval coined the name in the 20th century. It derives from a subject often used by the artist, Christ in Majesty sitting on a rainbow and surrounded by a mandorla and angels. No written sources exist about the life or background of the artist, but it has been speculated that Majestatis was trained in Burgundy or Alsace or may have come from there. Majestatis initially seems to have worked in Scania, probably for the lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calcarius (sculptor)
Calcarius (fl. second quarter of the 13th century) was an artist working in late Romanesque style on Gotland (present-day Sweden). Works There exist no written sources about Calcarius and the name is a label, chosen in the 20th century by art historian Johnny Roosval. It is derived from the fact that this artist was the first to cut sculptures from limestone rather than sandstone on a systematic basis on Gotland. To the workshop of Calcarius around 20 baptismal fonts are attributed in the Baltic region. Only two of them are on Gotland (in Fole and Buttle Church), indicating that the workshop worked on an export market. The rest can be found in Ångermanland ( Nora and Selånger Church), Medelpad (Stöde Church), Hälsingland ( Njutånger Church), Uppland ( Vidbo and Lunda Church), Östergötland ( Gistad Church), Scania (Borrby Church), Öland ( Bredsättra, Runsten and Ventlinge Church) and Bohuslän ( Tossene Church) (all in Sweden), as well as in churches in Vestfold in pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
När Church
När Church ( sv, Närs kyrka) is a medieval church on the Swedish island Gotland. It belongs to the Church of Sweden and lies in the Diocese of Visby. History and architecture The oldest part of the presently visible church at När is the tower, erected at the middle of the 13th century. Originally, it was designed to be able to function as a defensive tower, with arrowslits still visible on the first floor. The present nave and choir of the church were added to the tower around the year 1300. Of an earlier, Romanesque church on the same site no traces remain today. Externally, the church has two portals decorated with stone sculptures on the southern façade. Internally, the nave is divided in two by two central columns. Among the furnishings, the Romanesque baptismal font is the oldest. It was made by the sculptor known as Hegvald and its sculptured reliefs display religious motifs. The church also has a late medieval triumphal cross. Other furnishings are mostly from the 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sjonhem Church
Sjonhem Church ( sv, Sjonhems kyrka) is a medieval church on the island of Gotland, Sweden. It belongs to the Diocese of Visby. History and architecture The oldest part of the current church is the tower, which was built in the 13th century. Originally it was attached to a much smaller, Romanesque church. The choir and nave was however torn down and replaced with the current structure during the middle of the 13th century. Inside, church murals decorate the vaults; these also date from the 13th century. The church also has preserved medieval stained glass windows. A crucifix on the altar is somewhat later, dating from the 14th century. The baptismal font is however considerably older, dating from the 12th century and thus older than the church itself. It was made by the stonemason known as Hegvald. The church has been largely unaltered since the Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Byzantios
Byzantios is the notname of a Romanesque stone sculptor or workshop, working on Gotland in present-day Sweden during the last quarter of the 12th century. Byzantios was the first of a series of Romanesque stone sculpture workshops active on Gotland. Around a dozen decorated baptismal fonts from this time are so similar in style and execution that art historians have assumed they have the same origin. The artist has thus been labelled Byzantios. However, they may also have been made by a workshop and not by a single individual. Likewise, the origins and precise artistic roots of Byzantios are not known, but there is a general agreement on that the art of Byzantios show influences from Byzantine art of the period; hence the notname. Identity Byzantios is a notname that in strict terms refers to a group of stone sculptures from the late 12th century. Whether these were produced by a single sculptor, a workshop, or a workshop with an artistic leader has been a matter of debate since ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fardhem Church
Fardhem Church ( sv, Fardhems kyrka) is a medieval church in Fardhem on the Swedish island of Gotland. The present-day church may have been preceded by a stave church; the current church is one of the most well-preserved Romanesque churches on Gotland, built in stages from the 12th to 13th century. It belongs to the Church of Sweden and lies in the Diocese of Visby. History According to the Gutasaga, one of the earliest churches on Gotland was built in Fardhem. If so, this was a stave church of which nothing remains today. Early graves found in the area however indicate that there might well have been a wooden church at the site of the presently visible one early on. The church seen today is also of considerable age. It is a Romanesque building, erected in stages from the end of the 12th century to the second quarter of the 13th century. Only the vestry is later, added in 1871-72 and designed by Axel Haig (known in Sweden by his original name Axel Herman Hägg. Architecture The e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanesque Art
Romanesque art is the art of Europe from approximately 1000 AD to the rise of the Gothic Art, Gothic style in the 12th century, or later depending on region. The preceding period is known as the Pre-Romanesque period. The term was invented by 19th-century art historians, especially for Romanesque architecture, which retained many basic features of Roman architecture, Roman architectural style – most notably round-headed arches, but also barrel vaults, apses, and Acanthus (ornament), acanthus-leaf decoration – but had also developed many very different characteristics. In Southern France, Spain, and Italy there was an architectural continuity with the Late Antique, but the Romanesque style was the first style to spread across the whole of Catholic Europe, from Sicily to Scandinavia. Romanesque art was also greatly influenced by Byzantine art, especially in painting, and by the anti-classical energy of the decoration of the Insular art of the British Isles. From these element ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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