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Hedylopsacea
Acochlidiacea, common name acochlidians, are a taxonomic clade of very unusual sea snails and sea and freshwater slugs, aquatic gastropod mollusks within the large clade Heterobranchia. Acochlidia is a variant spelling. Description These are mostly very small animals, without a shell or gills, distinguished by the visceral mass being sharply set off from the rest of the body. Being a small group with only 30 species worldwide known in 2010, and 32 species described in 2011, and 33 in 2012 (+9 undescribed ''Pontohedyle'' species), these slugs are morphologically and biologically highly aberrant and diverse, comprising a series of unusual characters (e.g. secondary gonochorism, lack of copulatory organs, asymmetric radulae). Most acochlidians live interstitially in marine sands, while some have conquered limnic systems (uniquely within opisthobranch gastropods). Taxonomy Nils Hjalmar Odhner established this taxon as a family in 1937, when he created the families Microhedylid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microhedylacea
Acochlidiacea, common name acochlidians, are a taxonomic clade of very unusual sea snails and sea and freshwater slugs, aquatic gastropod mollusks within the large clade Heterobranchia. Acochlidia is a variant spelling. Description These are mostly very small animals, without a shell or gills, distinguished by the visceral mass being sharply set off from the rest of the body. Being a small group with only 30 species worldwide known in 2010, and 32 species described in 2011, and 33 in 2012 (+9 undescribed ''Pontohedyle'' species), these slugs are morphologically and biologically highly aberrant and diverse, comprising a series of unusual characters (e.g. secondary gonochorism, lack of copulatory organs, asymmetric radulae). Most acochlidians live interstitially in marine sands, while some have conquered limnic systems (uniquely within opisthobranch gastropods). Taxonomy Nils Hjalmar Odhner established this taxon as a family in 1937, when he created the families Microhedylid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hedylopsacea
Acochlidiacea, common name acochlidians, are a taxonomic clade of very unusual sea snails and sea and freshwater slugs, aquatic gastropod mollusks within the large clade Heterobranchia. Acochlidia is a variant spelling. Description These are mostly very small animals, without a shell or gills, distinguished by the visceral mass being sharply set off from the rest of the body. Being a small group with only 30 species worldwide known in 2010, and 32 species described in 2011, and 33 in 2012 (+9 undescribed ''Pontohedyle'' species), these slugs are morphologically and biologically highly aberrant and diverse, comprising a series of unusual characters (e.g. secondary gonochorism, lack of copulatory organs, asymmetric radulae). Most acochlidians live interstitially in marine sands, while some have conquered limnic systems (uniquely within opisthobranch gastropods). Taxonomy Nils Hjalmar Odhner established this taxon as a family in 1937, when he created the families Microhedylid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tantulidae
''Tantulum elegans'' is a species of freshwater slug, an aquatic shell-less gastropod mollusk within the clade Acochlidiacea. This species has no shell. The maximum recorded length is 2 mm.Welch J. J. (2010). "The "Island Rule" and Deep-Sea Gastropods: Re-Examining the Evidence". ''PLoS ONE'' 5(1): e8776. . ''Tantulum elegans'' is the only species in the genus ''Tantulum'', and that is in turn the only genus in the family Tantulidae.Strong E. E., Gargominy O., Winston Ponder, Ponder W. F. & Bouchet P. (2008). "Global Diversity of Gastropods (Gastropoda; Mollusca) in Freshwater". ''Hydrobiologia'' 595: 149-166. . Taxonomy In 2005, Tantulidae was classified as the only family within the superfamily Hedylopsoidea in the Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005), taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi. According to Schrödl & Neusser (2010)Schrödl M. & Neusser T. P. (2010). "Towards a phylogeny and evolution of Acochlidia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia)". ''Zoologic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hedylopsidae
Hedylopsis is a genus of sea slugs, marine gastropod mollusks within the clade Acochlidiacea. Taxonomy Hedylopsidae has been classified within the superfamily Hedylopsoidea in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005). Sensu Schrödl & Neusser (2010)Schrödl M. & Neusser T. P. (2010). "Towards a phylogeny and evolution of Acochlidia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia)". ''Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society'' 158: 124-154. . ''Hedylopsis'' is the only genus in the family Hedylopsidae. It is placed within unranked clade Hedylopsacea Acochlidiacea, common name acochlidians, are a taxonomic clade of very unusual sea snails and sea and freshwater slugs, aquatic gastropod mollusks within the large clade Heterobranchia. Acochlidia is a variant spelling. Description These ar .... Species There are only two species in the genus ''Hedylopsis'': * '' Hedylopsis spiculifera'' (Kowalevsky, 1901) * '' Hedylopsis ballantinei'' Sommerfeldt & Schrödl, 2005 References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hedylopsis Suecica
Hedylopsis is a genus of sea slugs, marine gastropod mollusks within the clade Acochlidiacea. Taxonomy Hedylopsidae has been classified within the superfamily Hedylopsoidea in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005). Sensu Schrödl & Neusser (2010)Schrödl M. & Neusser T. P. (2010). "Towards a phylogeny and evolution of Acochlidia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia)". ''Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society'' 158: 124-154. . ''Hedylopsis'' is the only genus in the family Hedylopsidae. It is placed within unranked clade Hedylopsacea Acochlidiacea, common name acochlidians, are a taxonomic clade of very unusual sea snails and sea and freshwater slugs, aquatic gastropod mollusks within the large clade Heterobranchia. Acochlidia is a variant spelling. Description These ar .... Species There are only two species in the genus ''Hedylopsis'': * '' Hedylopsis spiculifera'' (Kowalevsky, 1901) * '' Hedylopsis ballantinei'' Sommerfeldt & Schrödl, 2005 References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acochlidiidae
Acochlidiidae are a taxonomic family of shell-less freshwater gastropods (one of them ''Palliohedyle weberi'' lives in brackish water),Schrödl M. & Neusser T. P. (2010). "Towards a phylogeny and evolution of Acochlidia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia)". ''Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society'' 158: 124-154. . aquatic gastropod mollusks within the clade Acochlidiacea. 2005 taxonomy Acochlidiidae was classified as the only family within the superfamily Acochlidioidea Küthe, 1935 in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005). Palliohedylidae was in turn classified as the only family within the superfamily Palliohedyloidea. 2010 taxonomy Schrödl & Neusser (2010) redefined the taxonomy of Acochlidiacea in 2010, placing the family Acochlidiidae in the clade Hedylopsacea. Genera According to Schrödl & Neusser (2010), there are three genera in the family Acochlidiidae: '' Acochlidium'' Strubell, 1892 * ''Acochlidium amboinense'' Strubell, 1892Rudman W. B. (17 June ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudunelidae
''Pseudunela'' is a genus of minute sea slugs, acochlidians, shell-less marine or temporary brackish or brackish gastropod mollusks in the clade Acochlidiacea. ''Pseudunela'' is the only genus in the family Pseudunelidae. ''Pseudunela'' is the type genus of the family Pseudunelidae. Taxonomy Pseudunelidae was placed within the superfamily Strubellioidea in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005). Pseudunelidae was subsequently placed within the (unranked) Hedylopsacea by Schrödl & Neusser (2010).Schrödl M. & Neusser T. P. (2010). "Towards a phylogeny and evolution of Acochlidia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia)". ''Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society'' 158: 124-154. . Species These are the different species in the genus ''Pseudunela'': * ''Pseudunela cornuta'' (Challis, 1970) - type species of the genus ''Pseudunela'', marine and temporary brackish * '' Pseudunela eirene'' Wawra, 1988 - The description of ''Pseudunela eirene'' is brief and based on a single s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aitengidae
''Aiteng'' is a genus comprising three species of sea slug, ''A. ater'' and ''A. mysticus'' being found in intertidal zones while ''A. marefugitus'' is fully terrestrial. ''Aiteng'' is the only genus in the family Aitengidae. The generic name ''Aiteng'' is derived from the name of a black puppet Ai Theng, which is one of the shadow play (Nang yai) puppets in southern Thailand. Taxonomy Swennen & Buatip (2009) tentatively classified Aitengidae within the Sacoglossa, but they noted that some characteristics of the nervous system are similar to those of the Cephalaspidea and Acochlidioidea (mentioned as Acochlidea). Aitengidae clusters within the Hedylopsacea as sister group to Pseudunelidae and Acochlidiidae or basal within Hedylopsacea. Philippe Bouchet (2010) classified Aitengidae within the superfamily Hedylopsoidea. Species Species in the genus ''Aiteng'' include: * '' Aiteng ater'' Swennen & Buatip, 2009 * '' Aiteng mysticus'' Neusser, Fukuda, Jörger, Kano & Schrödl, 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acochlidium Fijiiensis
''Acochlidium'' is a genus of freshwater slugs, an aquatic gastropod molluscs in the family Acochlidiidae. ''Acochlidium'' species have no shell. Species Species within the genus ''Acochlidium'' include: * ''Acochlidium amboinense'' Strubell, 1892Rudman W. B. (17 June 2006). "Comment on Are there freshwater sea slugs? by Dave". ''Sea Slug Forum''. Australian Museum, Sydney. Available fromhttp://www.seaslugforum.net/find/16865 accessed 23 May 2010. * '' Acochlidium bayerfehlmanni'' Wawra, 1980 * ''Acochlidium fijiiensis'' Haynes & Kenchington, 1991 synonyms: * ''Acochlidium paradoxum'' Strubell is a synonym for ''Strubellia paradoxa'' (Strubell, 1892) * ''Acochlidium sutteri'' WawraWawra E. (1979). "''Acochlidium sutteri'' nov. spec. (Gastropoda, Opisthobranchia, Acochlidiacea) von Sumba, Indonesien". ''Ann. Naturhistor. Mus. Wien'' 82: 595-60PDF/ref> is a synonym for ''Palliohedyle sutteri'' * ''Acochlidium weberi'' Bergh, 1896 is a synonym for ''Palliohedyle weberi ''Pallioh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudunela Cornuta
''Pseudunela cornuta'' is a species of minute sea slug, an acochlidian, a shell-less marine and temporarily brackishNeusser T. P., Jörger K. M. & Schrödl M. (2011). "Cryptic Species in Tropic Sands – Interactive 3D Anatomy, Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Meiofaunal Pseudunelidae (Gastropoda, Acochlidia)". '' PLoS ONE'' 6(8): e23313. figure 12. . gastropod mollusk in the family Pseudunelidae. Adults are about 3 mm long and live in the spaces between sand grains. A complex interactive 3D reconstruction (a 3D visualization based on 420 paraffin histological sections) of the body of an individual of this species has been available since 2009. Taxonomy ''Pseudunela cornuta'' is the type species of the genus '' Pseudunela''. Challis, who described the species in 1970, claimed to have deposited the holotype of ''Pseudunela cornuta'', 20 paratypes and a slide with the radula of a further paratype in the Natural History Museum, London; furthermore, he claimed t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marine Biology
Marine biology is the scientific study of the biology of marine life, organisms in the sea. Given that in biology many phyla, families and genera have some species that live in the sea and others that live on land, marine biology classifies species based on the environment rather than on taxonomy. A large proportion of all life on Earth lives in the ocean. The exact size of this ''large proportion'' is unknown, since many ocean species are still to be discovered. The ocean is a complex three-dimensional world covering approximately 71% of the Earth's surface. The habitats studied in marine biology include everything from the tiny layers of surface water in which organisms and abiotic items may be trapped in surface tension between the ocean and atmosphere, to the depths of the oceanic trenches, sometimes 10,000 meters or more beneath the surface of the ocean. Specific habitats include estuaries, coral reefs, kelp forests, seagrass meadows, the surrounds of seamounts and therm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pontohedyle Milaschewitchii
''Pontohedyle milaschewitchii'' is a species of sea slug, an acochlidian, a shell-less marine gastropod mollusk in the family Microhedylidae.Jörger K. M., Norenburg J. L., Wilson N. G. & Schrödl M. (2012). "Barcoding against a paradox? Combined molecular species delineations reveal multiple cryptic lineages in elusive meiofaunal sea slugs". ''BMC Evolutionary Biology'' 12: 245. . Ecology The life cycle of all Acochlidiacea is not well known. ''Pontohedyle milaschewitchii'' lays a maximum of 40 eggs. References External links * Jörger K. M., Neusser T. P. & Schrödl M. (2007). "Re-description of a female ''Pontohedyle brasilensis'' (Rankin, 1979), a junior synonym of the Mediterranean ''P. milaschewitchii'' (Kowalevsky, 1901) (Acochlidia, Gastropoda)". ''Bonner Zoologische Beiträge'' 55(3/4): 283-290PDF * Jörger K. M., Neusser T. P., Haszprunar G. & Schrödl M. (2008). "Undersized and underestimated: 3D-visualization of the Mediterranean interstitial acochlidian gastro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
