Harsha Chhina
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Harsha Chhina
Harsha Chhina is a village in the state of Punjab, India, three kilometers from Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport, Amritsar, on Ajnala Road. ''Harse'' is an Urdu word which means three villages (Uchla Quila, Vichla Quila, and Sabajpura). It is one of biggest villages in Ajnala and Rajasansi Constituency. It has a population of about 6,500. Until 1968 the village had one Panchayat and thereafter each sub village got respective new Panchayats. However, now there is another sub village Kukranwala with independent panchayat that has evolved from this village. Harsha Chhina, previously under Block Development Office Chogawan, has now itself become a new Block Development Office, situated in Kukranwala. Harsha Chhina is also referred as Chhine The Wale, because there used to be an ancient, huge and tall mountain-like structure known as The in Punjabi, situated about half a kilometre west of Vichla Quila. This The was visible from surrounding villages in an approximately 10- ...
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States And Territories Of India
India is a federal union comprising 28 states and 8 union territories, with a total of 36 entities. The states and union territories are further subdivided into districts and smaller administrative divisions. History Pre-independence The Indian subcontinent has been ruled by many different ethnic groups throughout its history, each instituting their own policies of administrative division in the region. The British Raj mostly retained the administrative structure of the preceding Mughal Empire. India was divided into provinces (also called Presidencies), directly governed by the British, and princely states, which were nominally controlled by a local prince or raja loyal to the British Empire, which held ''de facto'' sovereignty ( suzerainty) over the princely states. 1947–1950 Between 1947 and 1950 the territories of the princely states were politically integrated into the Indian union. Most were merged into existing provinces; others were organised into ...
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Harse Chhina Mogha Morcha
The Harsha Chhina Mogha Morcha was an agrarian revolt in Harsha Chhina, Punjab, India, that took place in 1946 under the leadership of the Communist Party of India. Harsha Chhina is a village near RajaSansi Airport, Amritsar.The Morcha started in response to a decision taken by the British Government to decrease the supply of irrigation water to farmers by remodelling the ''moghas'' (canal outlets). The Morcha was headed by Comrade Achhar Singh Chhina, Sohan Singh Josh, Mohan Singh Baath, Baba Karam Singh Cheema, Jagbir Singh Chhina, and Gurdial Singh Tapiala. On the afternoon of 16 July 1946, Achhar Singh Chhina led a Jatha of 15 members from Harcha Chhina Village. On his shoulders he carried an Iron Kahi (An agriculture tool/equipment). The declared aim was to remove one of the existing outlets placed by the canal department and substitute it with the bigger outlet carried by the Jatha. The Jatha, whose members carried their respective party flags, proceeded toward the Canal di ...
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Villages In Amritsar District
A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town (although the word is often used to describe both hamlets and smaller towns), with a population typically ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand. Though villages are often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighborhoods. Villages are normally permanent, with fixed dwellings; however, transient villages can occur. Further, the dwellings of a village are fairly close to one another, not scattered broadly over the landscape, as a dispersed settlement. In the past, villages were a usual form of community for societies that practice subsistence agriculture, and also for some non-agricultural societies. In Great Britain, a hamlet earned the right to be called a village when it built a church.
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Freedom Fighter
A resistance movement is an organized effort by some portion of the civil population of a country to withstand the legally established government or an occupying power and to disrupt civil order and stability. It may seek to achieve its objectives through either the use of nonviolent resistance (sometimes called civil resistance), or the use of force, whether armed or unarmed. In many cases, as for example in the United States during the American Revolution, or in Norway in the Second World War, a resistance movement may employ both violent and non-violent methods, usually operating under different organizations and acting in different phases or geographical areas within a country. Etymology The Oxford English Dictionary records use of the word "resistance" in the sense of organised opposition to an invader from 1862. The modern usage of the term "Resistance" became widespread from the self-designation of many movements during World War II, especially the French Resistance. The te ...
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Monument Comrade Achhar Singh Chhina
A monument is a type of structure that was explicitly created to commemorate a person or event, or which has become relevant to a social group as a part of their remembrance of historic times or cultural heritage, due to its artistic, historical, political, technical or architectural importance. Some of the first monuments were dolmens or menhirs, megalithic constructions built for religious or funerary purposes. Examples of monuments include statues, (war) memorials, historical buildings, archaeological sites, and cultural assets. If there is a public interest in its preservation, a monument can for example be listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Etymology It is believed that the origin of the word "monument" comes from the Greek ''mnemosynon'' and the Latin ''moneo'', ''monere'', which means 'to remind', 'to advise' or 'to warn', however, it is also believed that the word monument originates from an Albanian word 'mani men' which in Albanian language means 'remembe ...
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Freedom Fighters And Rehabilitation Division
Freedom Fighters & Rehabilitation Division, a division of the Ministry of Home Affairs of India, manages the Swathantra Sainik Samman Pension Scheme - a national pension scheme introduced in 1972 for Freedom Fighters (''Swatantrata Sainiks'') and their dependents. The division also handles rehabilitation assistance for refugees and migrants from Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Tibet.The Hindu. (22 August 2006) ' However, there was significant resistance to implementing the scheme. For example, it took 24 years of legal fighting for S. M. Shanmugam to finally receive his pension in August 2006. Details of scheme Definition of eligible freedom fighters The freedom fighters pension scheme was instituted in 1972. Eligible as freedom fighters are people who; * had suffered an imprisonment of 6 months or more in connection with the freedom struggle (3 months in the case of women and SC/ ST freedom fighters.). * remained underground for six months or more. * were interned in their homes or e ...
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New Delhi
New Delhi (, , ''Naī Dillī'') is the capital of India and a part of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT). New Delhi is the seat of all three branches of the government of India, hosting the Rashtrapati Bhavan, Parliament House, and the Supreme Court of India. New Delhi is a municipality within the NCT, administered by the NDMC, which covers mostly Lutyens' Delhi and a few adjacent areas. The municipal area is part of a larger administrative district, the New Delhi district. Although colloquially ''Delhi'' and ''New Delhi'' are used interchangeably to refer to the National Capital Territory of Delhi, both are distinct entities, with both the municipality and the New Delhi district forming a relatively small part of the megacity of Delhi. The National Capital Region is a much larger entity comprising the entire NCT along with adjoining districts in neighbouring states, including Ghaziabad, Noida, Gurgaon and Faridabad. The foundation stone of New Delhi was l ...
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Gurdial Singh Dhillon
Dr. Gurdial Singh Dhillon (6 August 1915 – 23 March 1992) was an Indian politician from the Indian National Congress party. He served as the Speaker of the Lok Sabha twice, President of the Inter-Parliamentary Union (1973–76) and Indian High Commissioner to Canada (1980–82). Early life On 6 August 1915, Gurdial Singh Dhillon was born in the Panjwar , some 20 kilometres west of Amritsar city in Punjab into a Dhillon Jat family, He was descendants of Bhangi misl rulers. He studied at Khalsa College, Amritsar and Government College, Lahore before graduating in Law from Punjab University Law College in Lahore. He played an active role in the Harse Chhina Mogha Morcha rebellion in 1947. Political career Dhillon was a member of the Punjab Legislative Assembly (1952–1967), where he was its Deputy Speaker (1952–54) and its Speaker (1954–62). In 1967 he was first elected to the Lok Sabha, the lower House of the Indian Parliament representing Tarn Taran parliamentary c ...
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Jagbir Singh Chhina
Jagbir Singh Chhina (1920-2012) was a freedom fighter who worked during the freedom movement with Comrade Achhar Singh Chhina, Pratap Singh Kairon, Sohan Singh Josh, Mohan Singh Batth, Gurdial Singh Dhillon and Harkishan Singh Surjeet against the British empire. He has served the community since 1938 as an active member of society. Harsha Chhina Mogha Morcha 1946–47 At the age of 26, when 'Mogha Morcha of Harsha Chhina' was launched in 1946 under the leadership of Achhar Singh Chhina of the Communist party against the ruling government, Chhina was arrested along with 950 protestors and detained in Bostal Jail Lahore for three months. He played an active role in the Harse Chhina Mogha Morcha rebellion in 1947. As a result of this movement, all political parties successfully negotiated with the ruling British government to give farming water to the agriculturalists as per the agreement. Political Advisor to Chief Minister of Punjab 1958–1964 After the independence o ...
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Comrade Achhar Singh Chhina
The term ''comrade'' (russian: товарищ, tovarisch) generally means 'mate', 'colleague', or 'ally', and derives from the Spanish and Portuguese, term , literally meaning 'chamber mate', from Latin , meaning 'chamber' or 'room'. It may also specifically mean "fellow soldier". Political use of the term was inspired by the French Revolution, after which it grew into a form of address between socialists and workers. Since the Russian Revolution, popular culture in the Western world has often associated it with communism. Background Upon abolishing the titles of nobility in France, and the terms and (literally, 'my lord' and 'my lady'), the revolutionaries employed the term for men and for women (both meaning 'citizen') to refer to each other. The deposed King Louis XVI, for instance, was referred to as to emphasize his loss of privilege. When the socialist movement gained momentum in the mid-19th century, socialists elsewhere began to look for a similar egalitarian ...
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Communist Party Of India
Communist Party of India (CPI) is the oldest Marxist–Leninist communist party in India and one of the nine national parties in the country. The CPI was founded in modern-day Kanpur (formerly known as Cawnpore) on 26 December 1925. History Formation The Communist Party of India was formed on 26 December 1925 at the first Party Conference in Kanpur, which was then known as ''Cawnpore''. Its founders included M. N. Roy, his wife Evelyn Trent, Abani Mukherji, and M. P. T. Acharya. S.V. Ghate was the first General Secretary of CPI. There were many communist groups formed by Indians with the help of foreigners in different parts of the world, Tashkent group of Contacts were made with Anushilan and Jugantar the groups in Bengal, and small communist groups were formed in Bombay (led by S.A. Dange), Madras (led by Singaravelu Chettiar), United Provinces (led by Shaukat Usmani), Punjab, Sindh (led by Ghulam Hussain) and Bengal (led by Muzaffar Ahmed). Involvement in ...
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Punjab (British India)
Punjab was a province of British India. Most of the Punjab region was annexed by the East India Company in 2 April 1849, and declared a province of British Rule, it was one of the last areas of the Indian subcontinent to fall under British control. In 1858, the Punjab, along with the rest of British India, came under the direct rule of the British Crown. It had an area of 358,354.5 km2. The province comprised four natural geographic regions – ''Indo-Gangetic Plain West'', ''Himalayan'', ''Sub-Himalayan'', and the ''North-West Dry Area'' – along with five administrative divisions – Delhi, Jullundur, Lahore, Multan, and Rawalpindi – and a number of princely states. In 1947, the Partition of India led to the province's division into East Punjab and West Punjab, in the newly independent dominions of India and Pakistan respectively. Etymology The region was originally called Sapta Sindhu,D. R. Bhandarkar, 1989Some Aspects of Ancient Indian Culture: Sir William Me ...
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