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Haoling Formation
The Haoling Formation is a Mesozoic geologic formation in the Ruyang Basin of Henan, Province, central China. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation. The Haoling Formation was originally treated as part of the Mangchuan Formation and considered to be of Paleocene age before being recognized as Mesozoic in age. A 2012 paper divided the Mangchuan into the Xiahedong, Haoling, and Shangdonggou Formations, assigning the dinosaur-bearing horizon to the Haoling Formation and constraining the age of the Haoling as Aptian-Albian based on fieldwork and invertebrate and microfossil assemblages. Paleofauna * '' Luoyanggia liudianensis'' * '' Xianshanosaurus shijiagouensis'' * '' Yunmenglong ruyangensis'' * '' Zhongyuanosaurus luoyangensis'' * '' Ruyangosaurus giganteus'' * ''Huanghetitan ruyangensis'' *Ornithomimidae spp. *Iguanodontia indet. *Carcharodontosauridae indet. See also * List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations ** List of stratigraphic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geological Formation
A geological formation, or simply formation, is a body of rock having a consistent set of physical characteristics ( lithology) that distinguishes it from adjacent bodies of rock, and which occupies a particular position in the layers of rock exposed in a geographical region (the stratigraphic column). It is the fundamental unit of lithostratigraphy, the study of strata or rock layers. A formation must be large enough that it can be mapped at the surface or traced in the subsurface. Formations are otherwise not defined by the thickness of their rock strata, which can vary widely. They are usually, but not universally, tabular in form. They may consist of a single lithology (rock type), or of alternating beds of two or more lithologies, or even a heterogeneous mixture of lithologies, so long as this distinguishes them from adjacent bodies of rock. The concept of a geologic formation goes back to the beginnings of modern scientific geology. The term was used by Abraham Gottlob Wer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhongyuansaurus
''Zhongyuansaurus'' (meaning “Zhongyuan lizard”) is a monospecific genus of ankylosaurid dinosaur from Henan that lived during the Early Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian, ~125.0-100.5 Ma) in what is now the Haoling Formation. ''Zhongyuansaurus '' is possibly a junior synonym of ''Gobisaurus'', a basal ankylosaurid from the Ulansuhai Formation of Inner Mongolia. Discovery and naming The type species, ''Zhongyuansaurus luoyangensis'', was named and described in 2007 by Xu and colleagues. The holotype specimen of ''Zhongyuansaurus'', HGM 41HIII-0002, consists of a nearly complete skull, fragments of the lower jaw, a cervical neural spine, dorsal vertebrae, caudal vertebrae, posterior caudal centra, fused distal caudals, ribs, a humerus, both ischia, a pubis, and osteoderms. The specimen was obtained from the Haoling Formation of the Henan Province, Ruyang County. The specimen is currently housed at the Henan Province Geological Museum in China. The generic name, ''Zhongyuansaurus'', i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aptian Stage
The Aptian is an age in the geologic timescale or a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is a subdivision of the Early or Lower Cretaceous Epoch or Series and encompasses the time from 121.4 ± 1.0 Ma to 113.0 ± 1.0 Ma (million years ago), approximately. The Aptian succeeds the Barremian and precedes the Albian, all part of the Lower/Early Cretaceous. The Aptian partly overlaps the upper part of the Western European Urgonian Stage. The Selli Event, also known as OAE1a, was one of two oceanic anoxic events in the Cretaceous Period, which occurred around 120 Ma and lasted approximately 1 to 1.3 million years. The Aptian extinction was a minor extinction event hypothesized to have occurred around 116 to 117 Ma.Archangelsky, Sergio.The Ticó Flora (Patagonia) and the Aptian Extinction Event" ''Acta Paleobotanica'' 41(2), 2001, pp. 115-22. Stratigraphic definitions The Aptian was named after the small city of Apt in the Provence region of France, which is also known for its cry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Stratigraphic Units With Few Dinosaur Genera
This list of stratigraphic units with few non-avian dinosaur genera includes Mesozoic stratigraphic units of formation rank or higher that have produced dinosaur body fossils which have been referred to at most five genera. Since taxonomy frequently changes and can be somewhat subjective, the number of reported genera may not coincide exactly with the number of genera extant at the time of deposition. The list See also * List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations This list of dinosaur-bearing rock formations is a list of geologic formations in which dinosaur fossils have been documented. Containing body fossils * List of stratigraphic units with dinosaur body fossils ** List of stratigraphic units with ... Footnotes References * Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. 861 pp. . {{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Stratigraphic Units With Few Dinosaur Genera Few dinosaur genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Dinosaur-bearing Rock Formations
This list of dinosaur-bearing rock formations is a list of geologic formations in which dinosaur fossils have been documented. Containing body fossils * List of stratigraphic units with dinosaur body fossils ** List of stratigraphic units with few dinosaur genera ** List of stratigraphic units with indeterminate dinosaur fossils Containing trace fossils * List of stratigraphic units with dinosaur trace fossils ** List of stratigraphic units with dinosaur tracks *** List of stratigraphic units with ornithischian tracks *** List of stratigraphic units with sauropodomorph tracks *** List of stratigraphic units with theropod tracks See also * Lists of fossiliferous stratigraphic units * List of fossil sites * Mesozoic The Mesozoic Era ( ), also called the Age of Reptiles, the Age of Conifers, and colloquially as the Age of the Dinosaurs is the second-to-last era of Earth's geological history, lasting from about , comprising the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceo ... {{DEFAULTSOR ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carcharodontosauridae
Carcharodontosauridae (carcharodontosaurids; from the Greek καρχαροδοντόσαυρος, ''carcharodontósauros'': "shark-toothed lizards") is a group of carnivorous theropod dinosaurs. In 1931, Ernst Stromer named Carcharodontosauridae as a family, which, in modern paleontology, indicates a clade within Carnosauria. Carcharodontosaurids include some of the largest land predators ever known: ''Giganotosaurus'', ''Mapusaurus'', ''Carcharodontosaurus'', and ''Tyrannotitan'' all rivaled or exceeded ''Tyrannosaurus'' in size. A 2015 paper by Christophe Hendrickx and colleagues gives a maximum length estimate of for the largest carcharodontosaurids, while the smallest carcharodontosaurids were estimated to have been at least long. Evolution Along with the spinosaurids, carcharodontosaurids were the largest predators in the early and middle Cretaceous throughout Gondwana, with species also present in North America (''Acrocanthosaurus''), Europe (''Concavenator'') and Asia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iguanodontia
Iguanodontia (the iguanodonts) is a clade of herbivorous dinosaurs that lived from the Middle Jurassic to Late Cretaceous. Some members include ''Camptosaurus'', ''Dryosaurus'', ''Iguanodon'', ''Tenontosaurus'', and the hadrosaurids or "duck-billed dinosaurs". Iguanodontians were one of the first groups of dinosaurs to be found. They are among the best known of the dinosaurs, and were among the most diverse and widespread herbivorous dinosaur groups of the Cretaceous period. Classification Iguanodontia is often listed as an infraorder within a suborder Ornithopoda, though Benton (2004) lists Ornithopoda as an infraorder and does not rank Iguanodontia. Traditionally, iguanodontians were grouped into the superfamily Iguanodontoidea and family Iguanodontidae. However, phylogenetic studies show that the traditional "iguanodontids" are a paraphyletic grade leading up to the hadrosaurs (duck-billed dinosaurs). Groups like Iguanodontoidea are sometimes still used as unranked clades ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ornithomimidae
Ornithomimidae (meaning "bird-mimics") is a family of theropod dinosaurs which bore a superficial resemblance to modern ostriches. Ornithomimids were fast, omnivorous or herbivorous dinosaurs known mainly from the Late Cretaceous Period of Laurasia (now Asia and North America), though they have also been reported from the Lower Cretaceous Wonthaggi Formation of Australia. Description The skulls of ornithomimids were small, with large eyes, above relatively long and slender necks. All had toothless beaks. The fore limbs ('arms') were long and slender and bore powerful claws. The hind limbs were long and powerful, with a long foot and short, strong toes terminating in hooflike claws. Ornithomimids were probably among the fastest of all dinosaurs.Holtz, Thomas R. Jr. (2012) ''Dinosaurs: The Most Complete, Up-to-Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages,'Winter 2011 Appendix./ref> Like many other coelurosaurs, the ornithomimid hide was feathered rather than scaly. Biology C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huanghetitan
''Huanghetitan'' (meaning "Yellow River titan"), is a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the early Cretaceous Period. It was a basal titanosauriform which lived in what is now Gansu, China. History The type species, ''Huanghetitan liujiaxiaensis'', was described by You ''et al.'' in 2006. It is known from fragmentary materials including two caudal vertebrae, an almost complete sacrum, rib fragments, and the left shoulder girdle, and was discovered in the eastern part of the Lanzhou Basin (Hekou Group) in the Gansu Province in 2004. A second species, ''H. ruyangensis'', was described in 2007 from the Aptian-Albian Haoling Formation of Ruyang County, China (Henan Province). A recent cladistic analysis has found that this species is unlikely to be closely related to ''H. liujiaxiaensis'' and requires a new genus name. Description ''H. liujiaxiaensis'' is a relatively small sauropod, measuring long and weighing . ''H. ruyangensis'' is known from a partial vertebral column and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ruyangosaurus
''Ruyangosaurus'' (Ruyang County lizard) is a genus of titanosauriform sauropod dinosaur recovered from the Early Cretaceous Haoling Formation of China. The type species is ''R. giganteus'', described in 2009 by Lü Junchang ''et al''. Description Along with ''Huanghetitan'' and ''Daxiatitan'', ''Ruyangosaurus'' is among the largest dinosaurs discovered in Cretaceous Asia. In 2016 Gregory S. Paul gave a length of 30 meters (100 ft) and a weight of 50+ tonnes (55 short tons) - making it a 'mega-sauropod'. ''Ruyangosaurus'' was probably about 35 meters (115 ft) long, as evidenced by its 207 cm long femur and 127 cm long right tibia. Classification The describers of ''Ruyangosaurus'' assigned it to Andesauridae. However, Andesauridae is not monophyletic and, as such, is no longer used. Comprehensive phylogenetic analyses of Titanosauriformes conducted by Philip Mannion and colleagues in 2013 found ''Ruyangosaurus'' to be in a polytomy with ''Andesaurus'' and other basal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yunmenglong
''Yunmenglong'' (meaning "Yunmeng dragon", after the Yunmengshan area where it was found) is an extinct genus of somphospondylan sauropod known from the late Early Cretaceous of Henan Province, central China. Its remains were discovered in the Haoling Formation of the Ruyang Basin. The type species is ''Yunmenglong ruyangensis'', described in 2013 by Junchang Lü ''et al.'' on the basis of an incomplete postcranial skeleton. ''Yunmenglong'' shares some characters with ''Euhelopus'', ''Qiaowanlong'' and ''Erketu'', and a phylogenetic analysis places it as a sister taxon of ''Qiaowanlong'', both grouped with ''Erketu'' in a position more derived than ''Euhelopus'' but basal to Titanosauria. Size ''Yunmenglong'' was a giant sauropod dinosaur, as evidenced by the complete right femur 192 cm long and 65 cm in distal width, which is comparable to other giant Chinese genus ''Fusuisaurus''. In 2016 Paul Paul may refer to: *Paul (given name), a given name (includes a list of peo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henan Province
Henan (; or ; ; alternatively Honan) is a landlocked province of China, in the central part of the country. Henan is often referred to as Zhongyuan or Zhongzhou (), which literally means "central plain" or "midland", although the name is also applied to the entirety of China proper. Henan is a birthplace of Han Chinese civilization, with over 3,200 years of recorded history and remained China's cultural, economic and political center until approximately 1,000 years ago. Henan Province is home to many heritage sites, including the ruins of Shang dynasty capital city Yin and the Shaolin Temple. Four of the Eight Great Ancient Capitals of China, Luoyang, Anyang, Kaifeng and Zhengzhou, are in Henan. The practice of tai chi also began here in Chen Jia Gou Village (Chen style), as did the later Yang and Wu styles. Although the name of the province () means "south of the ellowriver.", approximately a quarter of the province lies north of the Yellow River, also known as the H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
