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Haitian Literature
Haitian literature has been closely intertwined with the political life of Haiti. Haitian intellectuals turned successively or simultaneously to African traditions, France, Latin America, the UK, and the United States. At the same time, Haitian history has always been a rich source of inspiration for literature, with its heroes, its upheavals, its cruelties and its rites. The nineteenth century In the eighteenth century, settlers published descriptive and political works in France. Haitian literature has its origins in the country's independence. In 1804, Fligneau's play ''The Haitian expatriate'' made its debut. But the ruling classes and the intellectual elites in the emerging Haitian state remain imbued with French culture. There was a patriotic vein that recounted the deeds of convulsive independence. It adopted, over the 19th century, the successive literary currents coming from France: classicism, romanticism, Parnassianism, and symbolism. Major authors of this period inc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haiti
Haiti (; ht, Ayiti ; French: ), officially the Republic of Haiti (); ) and formerly known as Hayti, is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba and Jamaica, and south of The Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands. It occupies the western three-eighths of the island which it shares with the Dominican Republic. To its south-west lies the small Navassa Island, which is claimed by Haiti but is disputed as a United States territory under federal administration."Haiti" ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. Haiti is in size, the third largest country in the Caribbean by area, and has an estimated population of 11.4 million, making it the most populous country in the Caribb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacques Roumain
Jacques Roumain (June 4, 1907 – August 18, 1944) was a Haitian writer, politician, and advocate of Marxism. He is considered one of the most prominent figures in Haitian literature. The African-American poet, Langston Hughes, translated some of Roumain's works, including ''Gouverneurs de la Rosée'' (''Masters of the Dew''). Life Roumain was born on June 4, 1907, in Port-au-Prince to wealthy parents. His grandfather, Tancrède Auguste, served as the President of Haiti from 1912 to 1913. He was educated in Catholic schools in Port-au-Prince, and, later, in Belgium, Switzerland, France, Germany and Spain. At twenty years old, he returned to Haiti and formed ''La Revue Indigene: Les Arts et La Vie'' (''The Indigenous Review: Arts and Life''), along with Philippe Thoby-Marcelin, Carl Brouard, and Antonio Vieux. He was active in the struggle against the United States' occupation of Haiti. In 1934 he founded the Haitian Communist Party. Because of some of his political activities, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anthony Phelps
Anthony Phelps (born August 25, 1928) is a Haitian Canadian writer, whose novel ''La contrainte de l’inachevé'' was a Governor General's Literary Award nominee for French-language fiction at the 2007 Governor General's Awards. Born in Port-au-Prince, Phelps attended Seton Hall University to study chemistry."Phelps, Anthony" ''''. Alongside Davertige, Serge Legagneur, Roland Morisseau and , he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gary Victor
Gary Victor (born 9 July 1958 in Port-au-Prince) is a Haitian writer, playwright, and scriptwriter for television and radio. His radio sketches and the uncompromising tone of his television series on the manners of the Haitian bourgeoisie provoked controversy and discussion. He also served as the General Secretary of the Senate of Haiti from 1996 to 2000. Biography Victor was born in Port-au-Prince and is the son of the sociologist René Victor. After studying agronomy, he worked as a civil servant at the Ministry of Planning and other ministries before becoming a journalist. He has become well known as a writer for radio, film and television. From 1976 to 1983, Gary Victor published short works of fiction in the state newspaper, ''Le Nouveau Monde'', and subsequently, in the daily '' Le Nouvelliste'', where he was a columnist from 1983 to 1990. He was editor of the daily '' Le Matin'' until June 2004. Awards * 2001: Ordre national du Mérite of France, ''All his work'' * 2003: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lyonel Trouillot
Lyonel Trouillot (born 31 December 1956, in Port-au-Prince, Haiti) is a novelist and poet in French and Haitian Creole, a journalist and a professor of French and Creole literature in Port-au-Prince. Early life Lyonel Trouillot was born in a family of lawyers. The writer Évelyne Trouillot and the writer and educator Jocelyne Trouillot are his sisters. Following his parents' divorce in the late 1960s, he went to the United States with his mother. He returned to Haiti at age 19, in 1975. Between 1980 and 1982, political repression forced Trouillot to emigrate to Miami. He studied at law, but he switched to literature early in his career. Career Trouillot has contributed to different newspapers and magazines in Haiti. He has published poetry, and also writes song lyrics for such musical artists as Tambou Libète and Manno Charlemagne. Trouillot is a co-editor of the journal ''Cahiers du Vendredi''. Along with his sister Evelyne Trouillot and her daughter Nadève Ménard, he fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frankétienne
Frankétienne (born Franck Étienne on April 12, 1936, in Ravine-Sèche, Haiti) is a Haitian writer, poet, playwright, painter, musician, activist and intellectual. He is recognized as one of Haiti's leading writers and playwrights of both French and Haitian Creole, and is "known as the father of Haitian letters". As a painter, he is known for his colorful abstract works, often emphasizing the colors blue and red. He was a candidate for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2009, made a Commander of the ''Ordre des Arts et Lettres'' (Order of the Arts and Letters), and was named UNESCO Artist for Peace in 2010. Early life Frankétienne was born in Ravine-Sèche, a small village in Haiti. He was abandoned by his father, a rich American industrialist, at a young age and was raised by his mother in the Bel Air neighborhood of Port-au-Prince, where she was a respected entrepreneur, owning her own business to support her eight children, managing to send him, who was the eldest, to school ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean Métellus
Jean may refer to: People * Jean (female given name) * Jean (male given name) * Jean (surname) Fictional characters * Jean Grey, a Marvel Comics character * Jean Valjean, fictional character in novel ''Les Misérables'' and its adaptations * Jean Pierre Polnareff, a fictional character from ''JoJo's Bizarre Adventure'' Places * Jean, Nevada, USA; a town * Jean, Oregon, USA Entertainment * Jean (dog), a female collie in silent films * "Jean" (song) (1969), by Rod McKuen, also recorded by Oliver * ''Jean Seberg'' (musical), a 1983 musical by Marvin Hamlisch Other uses * JEAN (programming language) * USS ''Jean'' (ID-1308), American cargo ship c. 1918 * Sternwheeler Jean, a 1938 paddleboat of the Willamette River See also *Jehan * * Gene (other) * Jeanne (other) * Jehanne (other) * Jeans (other) * John (other) John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francophone Literature
Francophone literature is literature written in the French language. The existence of a plurality of literatures in the French language has been recognised, although the autonomy of these literatures is less defined than the plurality of literatures written in the English language. Writings in the French language from Belgium, Canada and Switzerland were recognised as belonging to distinct traditions long before writings from colonial territories of France. Writing in French by Africans was formerly classified as "colonial literature" and discussed as part of colonial studies for its ethnographical interest, rather than studied for its literary merit. Any texts in French from the colonies and territories that were considered to have merit were subsumed under the classification of French literature. The nature and importance of Francophone literature in various territories of the former French Empire depends on the concentration of French settlers, the length of time spent in colo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacques Stephen Alexis
Jacques Stephen Alexis (Gonaïves, Haiti, 22 April 1922– Casernes Dessalines, Haiti, c. 22 April 1961) was a Haitian communist novelist, poet, and activist. He is best known for his novel ''Compère Général Soleil'' (1955). Biography Alexis was born in Gonaïves, the son of journalist, historian and diplomat Stephen Alexis and Lydia Nonez, descendant of one of Haiti's founding fathers, Jean-Jacques Dessalines. Alexis grew up in a family in which literary and political discussions were the norm. At the age of 18, he made what was regarded as remarkable literary debut with an essay about the Haitian poet, Hamilton Garoute. He collaborated on a number of literary reviews, before founding La Ruche, a group dedicated to creating a literary and social spring in Haiti in the early 1940s. After completing medical school in Paris, he traveled throughout Europe and lived for a few years in Cuba. In 1955, his novel ''Compère Général Soleil'', was published by Gallimard in Paris. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clément Magloire-Saint-Aude
Clément Magloire-Saint-Aude (April 2 1912 - May 27 1971) was a Haitian surrealist-symbolist poet and writer. Biography Clément was born in Port-au-Prince on April 2, 1912. His father was the director of a prominent literary journal. In adulthood he adopted the name Magloire-Saint-Aude after a combination of his birth name and his mother's maiden name. As a writer, he became interested in Surrealism, and with his creation of the Haitian journal ''Les Griots'' (see griot, a West African storyteller) in 1937, eventually meeting surrealists like Aimé Césaire as well as André Breton on his visits to Haiti during the second world war. Magloire met Breton in accompaniment with Pierre Mabille (the then cultural adviser to the French Embassy) and Wifredo Lam. Upon this meeting, Breton, enamored with his work, got it published in a collection in the literary section of Le Figaro. As an isolated poet Magloire-Saint-Aude had a radical advocacy of social and political justice for black ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
André Breton
André Robert Breton (; 19 February 1896 – 28 September 1966) was a French writer and poet, the co-founder, leader, and principal theorist of surrealism. His writings include the first ''Surrealist Manifesto'' (''Manifeste du surréalisme'') of 1924, in which he defined surrealism as "Surrealist automatism, pure psychic automatism". Along with his role as leader of the surrealist movement he is the author of celebrated books such as ''Nadja (novel), Nadja'' and ''L'Amour fou''. Those activities, combined with his critical and theoretical work on writing and the plastic arts, made André Breton a major figure in twentieth-century French art and literature. Biography André Breton was the only son born to a family of modest means in Tinchebray (Orne) in Normandy, France. His father, Louis-Justin Breton, was a policeman and atheism, atheistic, and his mother, Marguerite-Marie-Eugénie Le Gouguès, was a former seamstress. Breton attended medical school, where he developed a parti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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