|
HMS Victoria (1859)
HMS ''Victoria'' was the last British wooden first-rate three-decked ship of the line commissioned for sea service. With a displacement of 6,959 tons, she was the largest ever wooden battleship. She was also the world's largest warship until the completion of HMS ''Warrior'', Britain's first ironclad battleship, in 1861. ''Victorias hull was long and wide. She had a medium draught of . Her hull was heavily strapped with diagonal iron riders for extra stability. ''Victoria'' was the first British battleship with two funnels. She was armed with 121 guns (32 8-inch smooth-bore muzzle-loading on the lower gun deck, 30 on the central gun deck, 32 32-pounders on the upper gun deck, 26 32-pounders and one 68-pounder on the upper deck). ''Victoria'' was ordered on 6 January 1855, laid down on 1 April 1856 at Portsmouth, and launched on 12 November 1859. She cost a total of £150,578 (equivalent to £ in 2010) and had a complement of 1,000. During trials in Stokes Bay on 5 Ju ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naval Ensign Of The United Kingdom
The White Ensign, at one time called the St George's Ensign due to the simultaneous existence of a cross-less version of the flag, is an ensign worn on British Royal Navy ships and shore establishments. It consists of a red St George's Cross on a white field, identical to the flag of England except with the Union Flag in the upper canton. The White Ensign is also worn by yachts of members of the Royal Yacht Squadron and by ships of Trinity House escorting the reigning monarch. In addition to the United Kingdom, several other nations have variants of the White Ensign with their own national flags in the canton, with the St George's Cross sometimes being replaced by a naval badge omitting the cross altogether. Yachts of the Royal Irish Yacht Club wear a white ensign with an Irish tricolour in the first quadrant and defaced by the crowned harp from the Heraldic Badge of Ireland. The Flag of the British Antarctic Territory and the Commissioners' flag of the Northern Lighthouse Bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ML 8-inch Shell Gun
The ML 8 inch shell guns of 50 cwt, 54 cwt and 65 cwt were the three variants of British cast iron smoothbore muzzle-loading guns designed specifically to fire the new generation of exploding shells pioneered in the early-mid nineteenth century by Henri-Joseph Paixhans. Design The idea behind a gun that could fire spherical exploding shells but not solid armour-piercing shot was that large projectiles capable of carrying a large explosive filling could be fired from comparatively light guns: the 8-inch 68 pounder gun intended to fire solid shot weighed 95 cwt (4,826 kg) compared to the 65 cwt (3,302 kg) of the typical 8-inch shell gun. This was a "chambered" gun, meaning that the area at the breech-end of the gun where the gunpowder propellant charge burned was not of the same cylindrical section as the gun bore itself. The chamber was of the "Gomer" conical pattern, tapering towards the rear, typical of mortars of the day. This was necessitated by the need to minimise ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ships Of The Line Of The Royal Navy
A ship is a large watercraft that travels the world's oceans and other sufficiently deep waterways, carrying cargo or passengers, or in support of specialized missions, such as defense, research, and fishing. Ships are generally distinguished from boats, based on size, shape, load capacity, and purpose. Ships have supported exploration, trade, warfare, migration, colonization, and science. After the 15th century, new crops that had come from and to the Americas via the European seafarers significantly contributed to world population growth. Ship transport is responsible for the largest portion of world commerce. The word ''ship'' has meant, depending on the era and the context, either just a large vessel or specifically a ship-rigged sailing ship with three or more masts, each of which is square-rigged. As of 2016, there were more than 49,000 merchant ships, totaling almost 1.8 billion dead weight tons. Of these 28% were oil tankers, 43% were bulk carriers, and 13% were con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HMS Howe (1860)
HMS ''Howe'' was built as a 121-gun screw first-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy. She and her sister HMS ''Victoria'' were the first and only British three-decker ships of the line to be designed from the start for screw propulsion, but the ''Howe'' was never completed for sea service (and never served under her original name). During the 1860s, the first ironclad battleships gradually made unarmoured two- and three-deckers obsolete. The highest number of guns she ever actually carried was 12, when she finally entered service as the training ship ''Bulwark'' in 1885. ''Howe'' was named after Admiral Richard Howe Admiral of the Fleet Richard Howe, 1st Earl Howe, (8 March 1726 – 5 August 1799) was a British naval officer. After serving throughout the War of the Austrian Succession, he gained a reputation for his role in amphibious operations aga .... She was renamed a second time to ''Impregnable'' on 27 September 1886, but reverted to ''Bulwark'' in 1919 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lord Clarence Paget
Admiral Lord Clarence Edward Paget (17 June 1811 – 22 March 1895) was a British naval officer, politician, and sculptor. Naval career Born the younger son of the 1st Marquess of Anglesey, Paget in 1827 like many younger sons of nobility entered the Royal Navy as a midshipman on the second-rate ship-of-the-line and took part in the Battle of Navarino in 1827. Promoted to commander in 1834, he took charge of and, promoted to captain in 1839, he commanded the first-rate ship-of-the-line and then the fifth-rate frigate . Paget attempted to enter Parliament as a Liberal for Southampton in 1837, but was returned as a member for Sandwich in 1847, retaining the seat until July 1852. Paget served as secretary to the Master-General of the Ordnance from 1846 to 1853. He commanded the second-rate ship-of-the-line in the expedition to the Baltic in 1854 during the Crimean War (1854–1856). Again Member of Parliament for Southampton from March 1857, he was appointed Secretary to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Graham Goodenough
Commodore James Graham Goodenough (3 December 1830 – 20 August 1875) was an officer in the Royal Navy who went on to become Commander-in-Chief, Australia Station. Early life and family He was born at Stoke Hill near Guildford in Surrey, the son of Edmund Goodenough, Dean of Wells Cathedral, and Frances Cockerell. His paternal grandfather was Samuel Goodenough, Bishop of Carlisle, and his godfather was Sir James Graham, after whom he was named. He was educated at Westminster School. Wikisource:Goodenough, James Graham (DNB00) In 1864 he married Victoria Hamilton; they had two sons, including Admiral Sir William Edmund Goodenough. Naval career At 14 years of age Goodenough joined the Royal Navy. He firstly (1844–1848) served on HMS ''Collingwood'' under Captain Robert Smart in the Pacific fleet of Admiral Sir George Francis Seymour. He then joined HMS ''Cyclops'' off coast of Africa, before returning to England late in 1849 to sit his lieutenant's exam. He went on to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Smart
Admiral Sir Robert Smart, KCB, KH (September 1796 – 10 September 1874) was a Royal Navy officer who went on to be Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean Fleet. Naval career Smart joined the Royal Navy and was promoted to lieutenant in 1820. Promoted to captain in 1837, he took command, successively, of HMS ''Howe'', HMS ''Impregnable'', HMS ''Collingwood'' and HMS ''Indefatigable''. He became captain superintendent of Pembroke Dockyard in 1854. Promoted to rear admiral in July 1857, he became Commander-in-Chief, Channel Squadron in 1861 and Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean Fleet in April 1863. He was promoted to vice admiral in December 1863 and was required to assess the damage caused by the volcanic disturbances in the neighbourhood of Santorini in Spring 1866 before handing over his command in April 1866. He was promoted to full admiral in 1869 and retired the following year. Family Smart's daughter, Isabella Dora Smart, married first J. H. Anderson; and after his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Ship Bretagne (1855)
The ''Bretagne'' was a fast 130-gun three-deck ship of the French Navy, designed by engineer Jules Marielle. Built as a new capital ship meant to improve on the very successful ''Océan'' class, while avoiding the weaknesses found on ''Valmy'', she retained most of the ''Océan'''s design, and incorporated the philosophy of "fast ship of the line" pioneered by ''Napoléon'', with a rounded stern and a two-cylinder, 8-boiler steam engine allowing her a speed of 13.5 knots. The propeller could be retracted to streamline the hull when sailing under sail only. Launched in 1855, she was too late to take part in the Crimean War. She was decommissioned in 1865, becoming a schoolship for boys and sailors in Brest. Struck from the Navy lists in 1880, she was broken up that year. Design and construction ''Bretagne'' was the offspring of an attempt to improve upon the ''Océan'' class by increasing the beam from 16.24 to 16.64 metres. The 1849 budget initially allowed for constructi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portsmouth
Portsmouth ( ) is a port and city in the ceremonial county of Hampshire in southern England. The city of Portsmouth has been a unitary authority since 1 April 1997 and is administered by Portsmouth City Council. Portsmouth is the most densely populated city in the United Kingdom, with a population last recorded at 208,100. Portsmouth is located south-west of London and south-east of Southampton. Portsmouth is mostly located on Portsea Island; the only English city not on the mainland of Great Britain. Portsea Island has the third highest population in the British Isles after the islands of Great Britain and Ireland. Portsmouth also forms part of the regional South Hampshire conurbation, which includes the city of Southampton and the boroughs of Eastleigh, Fareham, Gosport, Havant and Waterlooville. Portsmouth is one of the world's best known ports, its history can be traced to Roman times and has been a significant Royal Navy dockyard and base for centuries. Portsm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
68-pounder
The 68-pounder cannon was an artillery piece designed and used by the British Armed Forces in the mid-19th century. The cannon was a smoothbore muzzle-loading gun manufactured in several weights, the most common being , and fired projectiles of . Colonel William Dundas designed the 112 cwt version in 1841 and it was cast the following year. The most common variant, weighing 95 cwt, dates from 1846. It entered service with the Royal Artillery and the Royal Navy and saw active service with both arms during the Crimean War. Over 2,000 were made and it gained a reputation as the finest smoothbore cannon ever made. The gun was produced at a time when new rifled and breech loading guns were beginning to make their mark on artillery. At first the 68-pounder's reliability and power meant that it was retained even on new warships such as HMS ''Warrior'', but eventually new rifled muzzle loaders made all smoothbore muzzle-loading guns obsolete. However, the large surplus stocks of 68 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Draft (hull)
The draft or draught of a ship's hull is the vertical distance between the waterline and the bottom of the hull (keel). The draught of the vessel is the maximum depth of any part of the vessel, including appendages such as rudders, propellers and drop keels if deployed. Draft determines the minimum depth of water a ship or boat can safely navigate. The related term air draft is the maximum height of any part of the vessel above the water. The more heavily a vessel is loaded, the deeper it sinks into the water, and the greater its draft. After construction, the shipyard creates a table showing how much water the vessel displaces based on its draft and the density of the water (salt or fresh). The draft can also be used to determine the weight of cargo on board by calculating the total displacement of water, accounting for the content of the ship's bunkers, and using Archimedes' principle. The closely related term "trim" is defined as the difference between the forward and aft ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Maudslay
Henry Maudslay ( pronunciation and spelling) (22 August 1771 – 14 February 1831) was an English machine tool innovator, tool and die maker, and inventor. He is considered a founding father of machine tool technology. His inventions were an important foundation for the Industrial Revolution. Maudslay's invention of a metal lathe to cut metal, circa 1800, enabled the manufacture of standard screw thread sizes. Standard screw thread sizes allowed interchangeable parts and the development of mass production. Early life Maudslay was the fifth of seven children of Henry Maudslay, a wheelwright in the Royal Engineers, and Margaret (''nee'' Whitaker), the young widow of Joseph Laundy. His father was wounded in action and so in 1756 became an 'artificer' at the Royal Arsenal, Woolwich (then in Kent), where he remained until 1776 and died in 1780. The family lived in an alley that no longer exists, off Beresford Square, between Powis Street and Beresford Street. Career Maudslay be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> HMS Howe (1860)")
2009.jpg "Click for more on -> Portsmouth")
