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H4 (classification)
H4 is a para-cycling classification. The UCI recommends this be coded as MH4 or WH4. Definition Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) defines H4 as: *Paraplegic with impairments corresponding to a complete lesion from Th11 or below * No lower limb function or limited function * Normal or almost normal trunk stability * Non-spinal cord injury, functional ability profile equivalent to sport class H4 (ex-H3) * Incomplete loss of lower limb function, functional ability profile equivalent to sport class H4 (ex-H3) or H5 (ex-H4), with other disabilities, which prevent the safe use of a conventional bicycle, tricycle or the Kneeling position in a handbike * Recumbent position in handbike (AP or ATP-bike) * Diplegia and athetosis/ataxia/dystonia (almost normal UE) Hemiplegic with spasticity a minimum of grade 3, lower limb more involved. The cycle This classification can use ATP3 knee-seat cycle that is forward leaning on a rigid frame. Classification history Cycling first became a Paraly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Para-cycling Classification
Para-cycling classification is the process of classifying participants in para-cycling covering four functional disability types. The classification system includes classes for handcycles for people who have lower limb mobility issues. The sport is governed by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI). Definition There are fourteen classifications based on functional disability type. The blind classifications are based on medical classification, not functional mobility classification. File:B1 class.png, Visualisation of functional vision for a B1 (classification), B1 competitor File:B2 class.png, Visualisation of functional vision for a B2 (classification), B2 competitor File:B3 class.png, Visualisation of functional vision for a B3 (classification), B3 competitor File:Wheelchair_rugby_profile_classification_C5-6.svg, Functional mobility range of an H1 (classification), H1 classified cyclist File:Wheelchair_rugby_profile_classification_C6-7.svg, Functional mobility range of an H2 ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Cycliste Internationale
The ''Union Cycliste Internationale'' (UCI; ; en, International Cycling Union) is the world governing body for sports cycling and oversees international competitive cycling events. The UCI is based in Aigle, Switzerland. The UCI issues racing licenses to riders and enforces disciplinary rules, such as in matters of doping. The UCI also manages the classification of races and the points ranking system in various cycling disciplines including road and track cycling, mountain biking and BMX, for both men and women, amateur and professional. It also oversees the World Championships. After the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the UCI said that Russian and Belarusian teams are forbidden from competing in international events. It also stripped both Russia and Belarus of scheduled events. History UCI was founded in 1900 in Paris by the national cycling sports organisations of Belgium, the United States, France, Italy, and Switzerland. It replaced the International Cycling Associ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1988 Summer Paralympics
The 1988 Summer Paralympics () were the first Paralympics in 24 years to take place in the same city as the Olympic Games. They took place in Seoul, South Korea. This was the first time the term "Paralympic" was used officially. Bidding process During the fourth meeting of the International Paralympic Committee held at the Aylesbury Civic Center in England (28 July 1983), two candidate cities made themselves known; * Seoul, South Korea, under the initiative of Dr. Whang Youn Dai * Melbourne, Australia, under the initiative of Dr. John Grant The ICC sent to both cities a questionnaire in order to gauge both cities' interest, as well as their preparedness for hosting such an event, with both candidates given one year to respond. In the end, only Seoul returned with a completed document; as Melbourne did not respond to the ICC. At the same time, a political movement in Australia to have Brisbane host the 1992 Summer Olympics and Paralympic events weakened the case for Mel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Paralympic Committee
The International Paralympic Committee (IPC; german: Internationales Paralympisches Komitee) is an international non-profit organisation and the global governing body for the Paralympic Movement. The IPC organizes the Paralympic Games and functions as the international federation for nine sports. Founded on 22 September 1989 in Düsseldorf, West Germany, its mission is to "enable Paralympic athletes to achieve sporting excellence and inspire and excite the world". Furthermore, the IPC wants to promote the Paralympic values and to create sport opportunities for all persons with a disability, from beginner to elite level. The IPC has a democratic constitution and structure and is composed of representatives from 182 National Paralympic Committees (NPCs), four international organizations of sport for the disabled (IOSDs) and five regional organizations. The IPC's headquarters is located in Bonn, Germany. Overview On the basis of being able to organize the Paralympic Games more ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2016 Summer Paralympics
) , nations = 159 , athletes = 4,342 , opening = 7 September , closing = 18 September , opened_by = President Michel Temer , cauldron = Clodoaldo Silva , events = 528 in 22 sports , stadium = Maracanã , summer_prev = London 2012 , summer_next = Tokyo 2020 , winter_prev = Sochi 2014 , winter_next = Pyeongchang 2018 The 2016 Summer Paralympics (), the 15th Summer Paralympic Games, were a major international multi-sport event for athletes with disabilities governed by the International Paralympic Committee, held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 7 to 18 September 2016. The Games marked the first time a Latin American and South American city hosted the event, the second Southern Hemisphere city and nation, the first one being the 2000 Summer Paralympics in Sydney, and also the first time a Lusophone (Portuguese-speaking) country hosted the event. These Games saw the introduction of two new sports to the Paralympic program: canoeing and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernst Van Dyk
Ernst Francois van Dyk OIS (born 4 April 1973) is a South African wheelchair racer and handcyclist. He has won a record 10 wheelchair titles in the Boston Marathon. He was also awarded the Laureus World Sports Awards for ''Sportsperson with a Disability of the year'' for 2006. At the 2000 Summer Paralympics in Sydney, he won a bronze medal in the 400 metres. At the 2004 Summer Paralympics in Athens, he won a silver medal in the 800 metre race, another silver in the 1500 metres, and a bronze in the 5000 metres. At the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing van Dyk won gold in the handcycling road race as well as bronze in the wheelchair marathon. Other handcycling achievements include: Obtaining a silver and bronze medal at the 2009 UCI Para-cycling Road World Championships held in Italy and taking double gold (road race and time trial) at the 2007 UCI Para-cycling Road World Championships held in Bordeaux. Career Van Dyk was born with congenital absence of both legs. His pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alex Zanardi
Alessandro "Alex" Zanardi (; born 23 October 1966) is an Italian professional racing driver and paracyclist. He won the CART championship in 1997 and 1998, and took 15 wins in the series. He also raced in Formula One from 1991 to 1994 and again in 1999; his best result was a sixth-place finish in the 1993 Brazilian GP. He returned to CART in 2001, but a major crash in the 2001 American Memorial resulted in the amputation of his legs. He returned to racing less than two years after the accident; competing in the European Touring Car Championship in 2003–2004 and then in the World Touring Car Championship between 2005 and 2009, scoring four wins. In addition to continuing to race cars, Zanardi took up competition in handcycling, a form of paralympic cycling, with the stated goal of representing Italy at the 2012 Summer Paralympics. In September 2011, Zanardi won his first senior international handcycling medal, the silver medal in the H4 category time trial at the UCI World ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrea Eskau
Andrea Eskau (born 21 March 1971) is a German handbiker, Paralympic biathlon, and cross country skier who was born in Apolda and was a winner of three gold medals in Summer Paralympic games. In 2014, she became a recipient of another gold medal at the 2014 Winter Paralympics in Sochi, Russia. In 2013, she was a cross-country sit skiing winner at the IPC Nordic Skiing World Championship. Eskau also competed at the 2016 Paralympic games in Rio de Janeiro winning a gold medal in the H5 Cycling road race and taking home a bronze medal in the H4-5 time trial. In 2018, Eskau went on to compete at her third Winter Paralympmics and won gold in both the 10 km and 12.5 km sitting biathlon. She became a paraplegic in 1998 when she crashed her bike on the way to school. The accident resulted in many vertebra being broken, this left her without the use of her legs and therefore a wheelchair user. References Further reading Eskau möchte Goldon kicker Kicker or The Kicker ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Laura De Vaan
Laura de Vaan (born 11 August 1980 in Uden) is a Dutch Paralympian who competes in handcycle events. de Vaan has appeared in two Summer Paralympics, 1998 in Beijing and 2012 in London. In the London Games she won silver in the H4 women's road race and Bronze in the H4 time trial. Personal history De Vaan was born in Uden in 1980. She was educated at Heythuysen High School and in 1998 matriculated to Nijmegen University where she studied Dutch Language and Literature. In 1996, she was left requiring a wheelchair after missing the last step of a flight of stairs. It was only after her accident that she was diagnosed with Complex regional pain syndrome and although she has some mobility in her legs. Cycling career De Vaan took to Handbiking in 2004, and in 2005 entered her first competitive race in the Open European Championship where she took bronze in both the Road Race and the Time Trial. Her results at the 2007 World Championships saw her qualify for the 2008 Summer Paralympi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Para-cycling Classification
Para-cycling classification is the process of classifying participants in para-cycling covering four functional disability types. The classification system includes classes for handcycles for people who have lower limb mobility issues. The sport is governed by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI). Definition There are fourteen classifications based on functional disability type. The blind classifications are based on medical classification, not functional mobility classification. File:B1 class.png, Visualisation of functional vision for a B1 (classification), B1 competitor File:B2 class.png, Visualisation of functional vision for a B2 (classification), B2 competitor File:B3 class.png, Visualisation of functional vision for a B3 (classification), B3 competitor File:Wheelchair_rugby_profile_classification_C5-6.svg, Functional mobility range of an H1 (classification), H1 classified cyclist File:Wheelchair_rugby_profile_classification_C6-7.svg, Functional mobility range of an H2 ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cycling At The Summer Paralympics
Cycling has been contested at every Summer Paralympic Games since the 1984 Summer Paralympics. Summary Classification Cyclists are given a classification depending on the type and extent of their disability. The classification system allows cyclists to compete against others with a similar level of function. At the 2008 Summer Paralympics and earlier, classes were: *B&VI 1–3: Cyclists with a visual impairment, using a tandem bicycle *LC 1–4: Cyclists with a locomotor disability, including those with amputations *CP 1–4: Cyclists with cerebral palsy, using a tricycle (CP 1–2) or bicycle (CP 3–4) *HC A, B, and C: Cyclists using a handcycle At the 2012 Summer Paralympics, a functional para-cycling classification system was used. *B: Cyclists with a vision impairment, using a tandem bicycle *T 1–2: Cyclists with cerebral palsy, MS or similar neuro-motor impairment, using a tricycle *C 1–5: Cyclists with amputations, neuromotor or musculoskeletal impairment, using ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
