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Höhere Graphische Bundes-Lehr- Und Versuchsanstalt
The Höhere Graphische Bundes-Lehr- und Versuchsanstalt (HGBLuVA) ("Higher Federal Institution for Graphic Education and Research"), now commonly known as "die Graphische",Ulrike Matzer (2012), '“Le modèle tout complet”—Vienna’s Graphische Lehr- und Versuchsanstalt as a Study Center for Visual Communication', in Maren Gröning (ed.) in cooperation with Ulrike Matzer 'Frame and Focus Photography as a Schooling Issue', in Monika Faber and Walter Moser (eds.), ''Contributions to A History of Photography in Austria'', Volume 11, 2012, Photoinstitut Bonartes, Vienna, and Photographic Collection of the Albertina, Vienna, Fotohof edition, Salzburg founded in 1888 in Vienna, is a vocational college for professions in visual communication and media technology in Austria. History Opening Originally set up as a photographic research institute by the President of the Photographic Society, the graphic teaching and research institute (GLV) was created through the incorporation o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wien 14 Höhere Graphische Lehranstalt A
Vienna ( ; german: Wien ; bar, Wean, label=Bavarian language, Austro-Bavarian ) is the Capital city, capital, largest city, and one of States of Austria, nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's List of cities and towns in Austria, most populous city and its primate city, with about two million inhabitants (2.9 million within the metropolitan area, nearly one third of the country's population), and its Culture of Austria, cultural, Economy of Austria, economic, and Politics of Austria, political center. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits, 6th-largest city proper by population in the European Union and the largest of all List of cities and towns on Danube river, cities on the Danube river. Until the beginning of the 20th century, Vienna was the largest German language, German-speaking city in the world, and before the splitting of the Austria-Hungary, Austro-Hungarian Empire in World War I, the city had two million inhabitants. To ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fighting occurring throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died in genocides within the Ottoman Empire and in the 1918 influenza pandemic, which was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war. Prior to 1914, the European great powers were divided between the Triple Entente (comprising France, Russia, and Britain) and the Triple Alliance (containing Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy). Tensions in the Balkans came to a head on 28 June 1914, following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emma Bormann
Emma Bormann (1887–1974) was an Austrian artist (primarily a printmaker) who lived in Vienna, Shanghai, Tokyo, and Riverside, California. Biography Emma Bormann was born in 1887 in Vienna. Her father, Eugen Bormann (1842–1917), was an archaeologist and a professor of ancient Roman history and epigraphy at the University of Vienna. She received a doctorate in prehistory at the same university in 1917 (with a dissertation on the Neolithic period in Lower Austria). While a student at the university, she also took classes at the Institute for Teaching and Experimentation in Graphic Arts with Ludwig Michalek. Emma Bormann pursued interests in athletics and drama as well, but art was to be her true calling. She went to Munich in 1917 and enrolled in art classes for one semester before becoming an art teacher herself. It was in Munich at this time that she began making woodcuts. She quickly mastered this medium and developed a unique style that blended expressionism and impressi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Austria
Maria Austria (née Marie Karoline Oeststreicher; 19 March 1915 in Karlovy Vary – 10 January 1975 in Amsterdam) was an Austro-Dutch photographer who is considered an important post-war photographer of the Netherlands, and was a theatre and documentary photographer. Her neorealistic, humanist photo reportage was exhibited at the Museum of Modern Art in 1953, the Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam in 1958, the Van Gogh Museum in 1975, and the Joods Historisch Museum in 2001. Career 1915 to 1936 Marie Karoline Oestreicher grew up in what was then the Bohemian monarchy Karlsbad, the daughter of Austrian doctor Karl, who died young (1864 – March 1915) and his wife Clara, née Kisch (1871–1945), sibling of the older Felix (1894–1945) and Lisbeth (1902–1989). The Jewish family was middle-class in an intellectual and artistic environment.Dörte Nicolaisen: "BauhäuslerInnen im niederländischen Exil." In: She had Austrian citizenship until 1918, and then Czechoslovakian citize ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Letterpress Printing
Letterpress printing is a technique of relief printing. Using a printing press, the process allows many copies to be produced by repeated direct impression of an inked, raised surface against sheets or a continuous roll of paper. A worker composes and locks movable type into the "bed" or "chase" of a press, inks it, and presses paper against it to transfer the ink from the type, which creates an impression on the paper. In practice, letterpress also includes other forms of relief printing with printing presses, such as wood engravings, photo-etched zinc "cuts" (plates), and linoleum blocks, which can be used alongside metal type, or wood type in a single operation, as well as stereotypes and electrotypes of type and blocks. With certain letterpress units, it is also possible to join movable type with slugs cast using hot metal typesetting. In theory, anything that is "type high" and so forms a layer exactly 0.918 in. thick between the bed and the paper can be printed usin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Offset Printing
Offset printing is a common printing technique in which the inked image is transferred (or "offset") from a plate to a rubber blanket and then to the printing surface. When used in combination with the lithographic process, which is based on the repulsion of oil and water, the offset technique employs a flat (planographic) image carrier. Ink rollers transfer ink to the image areas of the image carrier, while a water roller applies a water-based film to the non-image areas. The modern "web" process feeds a large reel of paper through a large press machine in several parts, typically for several meters, which then prints continuously as the paper is fed through. Development of the offset press came in two versions: in 1875 by Robert Barclay of England for printing on tin and in 1904 by Ira Washington Rubel of the United States for printing on paper. History Lithography was initially created to be an inexpensive method of reproducing artwork.Carter, Rob, Ben Day, Philip Megg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graphic Design Occupations
Graphic design careers include creative director, art director, art production manager, brand identity developer, illustrator and layout artist. Graphic art managers The following are positions or responsibilities and usually titles, held by experienced graphic designers in related management roles: Creative Director A creative director's range of experience can be broad and encompass a number of disciplines; visual design; copywriting, art direction, advertising account director, film/video director . A Creative Director's job is to initiate the creative concept of a project and drive the direction of the project. The role of a Creative Director is to formulate creative concepts, whether it is an advertising campaign, brand identity, TV commercial, marketing campaign. A Creative Director was often referred to the 'Ideas Guy' and works with a team of 'creatives' - art director, graphic designer, copywriter, film director to produce the concept and final production. Art dir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Typesetting
Typesetting is the composition of text by means of arranging physical ''type'' (or ''sort'') in mechanical systems or '' glyphs'' in digital systems representing '' characters'' (letters and other symbols).Dictionary.com Unabridged. Random House, Inc. 23 December 2009Dictionary.reference.com/ref> Stored types are retrieved and ordered according to a language's orthography for visual display. Typesetting requires one or more fonts (which are widely but erroneously confused with and substituted for typefaces). One significant effect of typesetting was that authorship of works could be spotted more easily, making it difficult for copiers who have not gained permission. Pre-digital era Manual typesetting During much of the letterpress era, movable type was composed by hand for each page by workers called compositors. A tray with many dividers, called a case, contained cast metal '' sorts'', each with a single letter or symbol, but backwards (so they would print correctly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Desktop Publishing
Desktop publishing (DTP) is the creation of documents using page layout software on a personal ("desktop") computer. It was first used almost exclusively for print publications, but now it also assists in the creation of various forms of online content. Desktop publishing software can generate layouts and produce typographic-quality text and images comparable to traditional typography and printing. Desktop publishing is also the main reference for digital typography. This technology allows individuals, businesses, and other organizations to self-publish a wide variety of content, from menus to magazines to books, without the expense of commercial printing. Desktop publishing often requires the use of a personal computer and WYSIWYG page layout software to create documents for either large-scale publishing or small-scale local multifunction peripheral output and distribution – although a non-WYSIWYG system such as LaTeX could also be used for the creation of highly structure ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Personal Computer
A personal computer (PC) is a multi-purpose microcomputer whose size, capabilities, and price make it feasible for individual use. Personal computers are intended to be operated directly by an end user, rather than by a computer expert or technician. Unlike large, costly minicomputers and mainframes, time-sharing by many people at the same time is not used with personal computers. Primarily in the late 1970s and 1980s, the term home computer was also used. Institutional or corporate computer owners in the 1960s had to write their own programs to do any useful work with the machines. While personal computer users may develop their own applications, usually these systems run commercial software, free-of-charge software (" freeware"), which is most often proprietary, or free and open-source software, which is provided in "ready-to-run", or binary, form. Software for personal computers is typically developed and distributed independently from the hardware or operating system ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reprography
Reprography (a portmanteau of ''reproduction'' and ''photography'') is the reproduction of graphics through mechanical or electrical means, such as photography or xerography. Reprography is commonly used in catalogs and archives, as well as in the architectural, engineering, and construction industries. Overview In the United States, the industry is a relatively small industry, with approximately 3000 firms. It comprises entrepreneurial businesses serving predominantly the large- and wide-format reproduction needs of the legal, architectural, engineering, manufacturing, retail, and advertising industries. Average sales volume is about $1.5 million and average employee counts are 20–25 people. Large-format reproductions are produced with a variety of technologies dependent, in part, on the application of the final product and quantity needed. Examples of typical reproduction methods include: diazo (blueline), electrostatic (xerographic), photographic, laser, and ink jet. Re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Honours Degree
Honours degree has various meanings in the context of different degrees and education systems. Most commonly it refers to a variant of the undergraduate bachelor's degree containing a larger volume of material or a higher standard of study, or both, rather than an "ordinary", "general" or "pass" bachelor's degree. Honours degrees are sometimes indicated by "Hons" after the degree abbreviation, with various punctuation according to local custom, e.g. "BA (Hons)", "B.A., Hons", etc. In Canada, honours degrees may be indicated with an "H" preceding the degree abbreviation, e.g. "HBA" for Honours Bachelor of Arts or Honours Business Administration. Examples of honours degree include the ''honors bachelor's degree'' in the United States; the ''bachelor's degree with honours'' in the United Kingdom, Bangladesh, Hong Kong, and India; the ''honours bachelor's degree'' in Ireland; the ''bachelor with honours'' and ''bachelor honours degree'' in New Zealand; the ''bachelor with honours'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
