|
Hyakkai Zukan
is a picture scroll by Edo period Japanese artist Sawaki Suushi. Completed in 1737, this scroll is a supernatural bestiary, a collections of ghosts, spirits and monsters (Yōkai), which Suushi based on literature, folklore, other artwork. These images had a profound influence on subsequent ''yōkai'' imagery in Japan for generations. Scroll gallery Image:Suushi Mikoshi-nyudo.jpg, Image:Suushi_Shokera.jpg, Image:Suushi Hyosube.jpg, Image:Suuhi Nure-onna.jpg, Image:Suushi_Kappa.jpg, Image:Suushi_Gagoze.jpg, Image:Suuhi Nurarihyon.jpg, Image:Suuhi Kasha.jpg, Image:Suuhi Ubume.jpg, Image:Suushi_Nuppeppo.jpg, Image:Suushi_Waira.jpg, Image:Suushi_Otoroshi.jpg, Image:Suushi Yama-biko.jpg, Image:Suushi_Nuribotoke.jpg, Image:Suushi Ouni.jpg, Image:Suushi_Yume-no-seirei.jpg, Image:Suushi Yama-uba.jpg, Image:Suushi Inugami.jpg, Image:Suushi_Nukekubi.jpg, Image:Suuhi Yama-warau.jpg, Image:Suuhi Uwan.jpg, Image:Suushi Akakuchi.jpg, Image:Suuhi Ushioni.jpg, Image:Mehi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edo Period
The or is the period between 1603 and 1867 in the history of Japan, when Japan was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and the country's 300 regional '' daimyo''. Emerging from the chaos of the Sengoku period, the Edo period was characterized by economic growth, strict social order, isolationist foreign policies, a stable population, perpetual peace, and popular enjoyment of arts and culture. The period derives its name from Edo (now Tokyo), where on March 24, 1603, the shogunate was officially established by Tokugawa Ieyasu. The period came to an end with the Meiji Restoration and the Boshin War, which restored imperial rule to Japan. Consolidation of the shogunate The Edo period or Tokugawa period is the period between 1603 and 1867 in the history of Japan, when Japan was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and the country's regional '' daimyo''. A revolution took place from the time of the Kamakura shogunate, which existed with the Tennō's court, to the Tok ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waira
The waira (わいら) is a Japanese yōkai from Japanese emaki such as the ''Hyakkai Zukan'' by Sawaki Suushi and the ''Gazu Hyakki Yagyō'' (1776) by Sekien Toriyama. Concept In the ''Hyakkai Zukan'' (1737, Sawaki Suushi), ''Bakemonozukushi'' (化物づくし) (artist and year unknown, owned by Rei Kagaya), the ''Bakemono Emaki'' (化物絵巻) (artist and year unknown, owned by the Kawasaki City Museum), the '' Hyakki Yagyō Emaki'' (1832, Oda Yoshitarō), it is depicted with the body of a giant ox and thick sharp claws growing on each of its front legs. Each of these emaki have no explanatory text besides their name, and furthermore there do not exist any documents recording any folk legends about them, so it is unknown what kind of yōkai these were intending to depict. All of the pictures depict only the upper body, and there have been no pictures found that depict its lower half, so it is unknown what its whole body looks like. According to the Edo Period writing '' Kiyū S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hitotsume-kozō
''Hitotsume-kozō'' (一つ目小僧) are a ''Yōkai'' (supernatural apparition) of Japan that take on the appearance of a bald-headed child with one eye in the center of its forehead similar to a cyclops. Summary They generally do not cause any injury, are said to suddenly appear and surprise people, and are a comparatively harmless type of yōkai. By that, it can be said that their behavior could also be understood in terms of the '' karakasa-obake''. Perhaps because they don't perform bad deeds, when they are depicted in pictures, they are often depicted cutely, or in a humorous design. In '' yōkai karuta'', ''hitotsume-kozō'' are depicted carrying ''tōfu'', but according to the ''yōkai'' researcher Katsumi Tada, since "" leads to "", hitotsume-kozō are supposed to dislike beans, but somehow before anyone knew it the ''hitotsume-kozō'' switched to having '' tōfu'' (made from soybeans) as its favorite food. Additionally, this said to be related to the '' tōfu-kozō''. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ushi-oni
The , or gyūki, is a yōkai from the folklore of western Japan. The folklore describes more than one kind of ''ushi-oni'', but the depiction of a bovine-headed monster occurs in most. ''Ushi-oni'' generally appear on beaches and attack people who walk there. Description ''Ushi-oni'' have brutal, savage personalites. Their appearance varies, mainly based on geographical location. They usually have an ox's head with sharp upward-curving horns, wicked fangs and a slender tongue, They spit poison and enjoy killing and eating humans. Their body is most commonly depicted as spider-like with six legs and long singular claws at the end of each appendage. In other descriptions, they have the head of an ox and an oni's torso. Certain legends claim that they appear in front of temple gates in the mountains wearing human clothing, or flying with the wings of an insect. Other ''ushi-oni'' have a reverse appearance, with an oni's head and an ox's body. They are said to appears in beaches ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akashita
is a Japanese yōkai that appears in yōkai emaki in the Edo Period, among other places. They are depicted as a beast with clawed hands and a very hairy face covered with dark clouds, but its full body appearance is unknown. In its opened mouth is a big tongue. Sekien did not attach an explanatory note about this ''yōkai'', but its origins are identifiable as Akaguchi which appears in older Edo period ''yōkai'' scrolls such as ''Bakemono no e''. This ''yōkai'' is known interchangeably as Akaguchi and Akashita. Origin theory Usually, they are not depicted accompanied with anything other than a black cloud, but in the ''Gazu Hyakki Yagyō'' by Toriyama Sekien, they are depicted on top of a sluice. However, there is no accompanying explanation, so details about it are unknown. Concerning the name "akashita", the modern literary scholar Atsunobu Inada among others suggest that they are related to the shakuzetsujin (赤舌神) and shakuzetsunichi (赤舌日), who protect the weste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uwan
An is a Japanese yōkai depicted in Edo Period pictures such as the ''Hyakkai Zukan'' by Sawaki Suushi and the ''Gazu Hyakki Yagyō'' by Sekien Toriyama. Concept They were depicted to be a teeth-blackened yōkai with grotesque features who were waving both hands, and appeared to be looking threatening by raising their voice, but there was no explanatory text, so their true identity is unknown. Teeth blackening was performed in medieval Japan among males of the nobility (kuge) and warrior class ( buke), so it is inferred that they may be a yōkai of someone from this class, or alternatively they may come from how monsters in Omine, Aso District, Kumamoto Prefecture are called "wanwan" and how monsters in Taniyama, Kagoshima Prefecture (now Kagoshima) are called "wan". In the background of the picture in the ''Gazu Hyakki Yagyō'', there is the interpretation that they are a paranormal phenomenon that appears from the walls of a deserted residence. Also, in yōkai depictions, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yamawaro
is a (spirit) said to appear in mountains in Western Japan, starting in the Kyushu region. According to mythology, it is sometimes said that they are that have come to dwell in the mountains. are known by a number of different, similar terms; in Ashikita District, Kumamoto Prefecture, they are also known as , and . In Kuma District in the same prefecture, they are also known as or . The kanji for can also be written as (). The is the name of the Chinese that this comes from. Description According to the Edo-period , lives in the depths of the mountains in Kyushu. It appears as a child about 10 years in age, has long perssimon and navy colored hair on its head, and has intricate fur all over its body. The states that has a short torso, walks upright on two long legs, and speaks in human language. The same book (the version published by Kyōrindō) states that there are in the Chikuzen Province (now Fukuoka Prefecture) and on the Gotō Islands, and they have a hu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rokurokubi
''Rokurokubi'' (ろくろ首, 轆轤首) is a type of Japanese ''yōkai'' (apparition). They look almost completely like humans with some differences. There is a type whose neck stretches and another whose head detaches and flies around freely (''nukekubi''). The ''Rokurokubi'' appear in classical ''kaidan'' (spirit tales) and in ''yōkai'' works. Etymology The word ''rokurokubi'' may have derived from the word ''rokuro'' which refers to a potter's wheel, a water well's pulley (since it elongates) Yahoo Japan, ヤフー株式会社 Accessed 22 January 2008. or an umbrella handle (which also elongates). Head flight The nukekubi are rokurokubi whose heads come off and float about. These were the last of the rokurokubi whereas the other kind came before. Nukekubi sometimes perform bad deeds such as attacking at night and drinking their victims' blood. It is theorized that the nukekubi has a weakness when it is sleeping and the head is floating around: if the body moves, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Inugami
, like kitsunetsuki, is a spiritual possession by the spirit of a dog, widely known about in western Japan. They have seemed firmly rooted until recent years in the eastern Ōita Prefecture, Shimane Prefecture, and a part of Kōchi Prefecture in northern Shikoku, and it is also theorized that Shikoku, where no foxes (kitsune) could be found, is the main base of the inugami. Furthermore, traces of belief in inugami exists in the Yamaguchi Prefecture, all of Kyushu, even going past the Satsunan Islands all the way to the Okinawa Prefecture. In the Miyazaki Prefecture, the Kuma District, Kumamoto Prefecture, and Yakushima, the local dialect pronounces it "ingami" and in Tanegashima, they are called "irigami." It can also be written in kanji as 狗神. Origins The phenomenon of inugami spiritual possession was a kojutsu (also called "kodō" or "kodoku", a greatly feared ritual for employing the spirits of certain animals) that was already banned in the Heian period that was thou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yamauba
, Yamamba or Yamanba are variations on the name of a ''yōkai'' found in Japanese folklore. Description The word can also be written as 山母, 山姫, or 山女郎, and in the town of Masaeki, Nishimorokata District, Miyazaki, Nishimorokata District, Miyazaki Prefecture (now Ebino, Miyazaki, Ebino), a "yamahime" would wash her hair and sing in a lovely voice. Deep in the mountains of Shizuoka Prefecture, there is a tale that the "yamahime" would appear as a woman around twenty years of age and would have beautiful features, a small sleeve, and black hair, and that when a hunter encounters her and tries to shoot at it with a gun, she would repel the bullet with her hands. In Hokkaido, Shikoku, and the southern parts of Kyushu, there is also a yamajijii (mountain old man), and the yamauba would also appear together with a yamawaro (mountain child), and here the yamauba would be called "yamahaha" (mountain mother) and the yamajijii a "yamachichi" (mountain father). In Iwata Distr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yume No Seirei
, is a mysterious ''yōkai'' in Japanese mythology believed to cause nightmares. Origins Belief in the supernatural was particularly strong during the Heian and Edo periods. During this time, many believed that the spirits of the dead caused a multitude of evils for the living. On certain nights, demons and ghosts would move in a haunting procession from dusk to dawn, known as the '' Hyakki yakō'' or night procession of one hundred demons.* Occasionally, ''yume no seirei'' appears in this procession. He appears in the ''Hyakkai Zukan,'' "The Illustrated Volume of a Hundred Demons," created by Sawaki Suushi in 1737. ''Yume no seirei'' is also part of the '' Bakemonozukushie'' (化物尽絵, "Illustrated Index of Supernatural Creatures"), housed in the Harry F. Bruning Collection of Japanese Books and Manuscripts of the L. Tom Perry Special Collections, Harold B. Lee Library at Brigham Young University. Physical Appearance Artists depict ''yume no seirei'' as an emaciated, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ouni
The ''ouni'' (苧うに) is a ''yōkai'' depicted in the ''Gazu Hyakki Yagyō'' by Toriyama Sekien. It is a ''yōkai'' with a face like that of a demon woman (''kijo'') torn from mouth to ear, and its entire body is covered in hair. There is no explanatory text from Sekien, so it is unclear what kind of yōkai this is. The "''o''" (苧) in "''ouni''" refers to the ramie plant or to bundles of string made from ramie, hemp, among others, so it is said that Sekien gave it the name "''ouni''" because it conjures up the image of a ''yōkai'' with head and body hair made of layers of this "''o''". In the ''Hyakkai Zukan'' (1737, Sawaki Suushi), a ''yōkai'' ''emaki'' from the Edo period, it is given by the name "''wauwau''", and Edo period ''yōkai'' ''emaki'' would usually present it under that name. However, these presentations consisted of pictures, so it is not known what characteristics they had. In another instance, there is a drawing in the '' Hyakki Yagyō Emaki'' (Oda Gōch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
