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Hungarian Phonology
The phonology of the Hungarian language is notable for its process of vowel harmony, the frequent occurrence of geminate consonants and the presence of otherwise uncommon palatal stops. Consonants This is the standard Hungarian consonantal system, using symbols from the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). : * It is debated whether the palatal consonant pair consists of stops or affricates. They are considered affricates or stops, depending on register, by Tamás Szende, head of the department of General Linguistics at PPKE, and stops by Mária Gósy, research professor, head of the Department of Phonetics at ELTE. The reason for the different analyses is that the relative duration of the friction of (as compared to the duration of its closure) is longer than those of the stops, but shorter than those of the affricates. has the stop-like nature of having a full duration no longer than those of other (voiceless) stops such as but, considering the average closure t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fricative Consonant
A fricative is a consonant produced by forcing air through a narrow channel made by placing two articulators close together. These may be the lower lip against the upper teeth, in the case of ; the back of the tongue against the soft palate in the case of German (the final consonant of ''Bach''); or the side of the tongue against the molars, in the case of Welsh (appearing twice in the name ''Llanelli''). This turbulent airflow is called frication. A particular subset of fricatives are the sibilants. When forming a sibilant, one still is forcing air through a narrow channel, but in addition, the tongue is curled lengthwise to direct the air over the edge of the teeth. English , , , and are examples of sibilants. The usage of two other terms is less standardized: "Spirant" is an older term for fricatives used by some American and European phoneticians and phonologists. "Strident" could mean just "sibilant", but some authors include also labiodental and uvular fricatives in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zs (digraph)
This is a list of Digraph (orthography), digraphs used in various Latin alphabets. Capitalisation involves only the first letter (''ch'' becomes ''Ch'') unless otherwise stated (''ij'' becomes ''IJ''). Letters with diacritics are arranged in alphabetic order according to their base: is alphabetised with , not at the end of the alphabet, as it would be in Danish language, Danish, Norwegian language, Norwegian and Swedish language, Swedish. Substantially-modified letters, such as (a variant of ) and (based on ), are placed at the end. Apostrophe (capital ) is used in Bari language, Bari for . (capital ) is used in Bari for . is used in Romanization of Wu Chinese, the Wu MiniDict Romanisation for when it appears in a Four tones (Middle Chinese), dark or ''yin'' tone. It is also often written as . is used in Romanization of Wu Chinese, the Wu MiniDict Romanisation for Four tones (Middle Chinese), dark is used in Romanization of Wu Chinese, the Wu MiniDict Romanisatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sz (digraph)
Sz is a digraph of the Latin script, used in Polish, Kashubian, Hungarian and German, and in the Wade–Giles system of Romanization of Chinese, as well as the Hong Kong official romanization of Cantonese. Polish In Polish orthography, sz represents a voiceless retroflex fricative . It usually corresponds to š or ш in other Slavic languages. It is usually approximated by English speakers with the "sh" sound (and conversely, Polish speakers typically approximate the English digraph ''sh'' with the "sz" sound), although the two sounds are not completely identical. Like other Polish digraphs, it is not considered a single letter for collation purposes. sz should not be confused with ś (or s followed by i), termed "soft sh", a voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative . Examples of sz (''area, territory'') (''coat, cloak'') (''Thomas'') Compare ś: (''candle'') (''to go'') (''August'') Kashubian In Kashubian, sz represents a voiceless postalveolar fricative , identical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cs (digraph)
This is a list of digraphs used in various Latin alphabets. Capitalisation involves only the first letter (''ch'' becomes ''Ch'') unless otherwise stated (''ij'' becomes ''IJ''). Letters with diacritics are arranged in alphabetic order according to their base: is alphabetised with , not at the end of the alphabet, as it would be in Danish, Norwegian and Swedish. Substantially-modified letters, such as (a variant of ) and (based on ), are placed at the end. Apostrophe (capital ) is used in Bari for . (capital ) is used in Bari for . is used in the Wu MiniDict Romanisation for when it appears in a dark or ''yin'' tone. It is also often written as . is used in the Wu MiniDict Romanisation for dark is used in the Wu MiniDict Romanisation for dark is used in the Wu MiniDict Romanisation for dark (capital ) is used in Bari and Hausa (in Nigeria) for , but in Niger, Hausa is replaced with . A is used in Taa, where it represents the glottalized or creaky ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caron
A caron (), háček or haček (, or ; plural ''háčeks'' or ''háčky'') also known as a hachek, wedge, check, kvačica, strešica, mäkčeň, varnelė, inverted circumflex, inverted hat, flying bird, inverted chevron, is a diacritic mark (◌̌) commonly placed over certain letters in the orthography of some languages to indicate a change of the related letter's pronunciation. The symbol is common in the Baltic languages, Baltic, Slavic languages, Slavic, Finnic languages, Finnic, Sami languages, Samic and Berber languages, Berber languages. The use of the caron differs according to the orthographic rules of a language. In most Slavic and other European languages it indicates present or historical Palatalization (sound change), palatalization (e → ě; [] → []), iotation, or postalveolar consonant, postalveolar articulation (c → č; → ). In Salishan languages, it often represents a uvular consonant (x → x̌; [] → ). When placed over vowel symbols, the caron can ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarian Orthography
Hungarian orthography ( hu, helyesírás, lit=correct writing, link=no) consists of rules defining the standard written form of the Hungarian language. It includes the spelling of lexical words, proper nouns and foreign words (loanwords) in themselves, with suffixes, and in compounds, as well as the hyphenation of words, punctuation, abbreviations, collation (alphabetical ordering), and other information (such as how to write dates). Alphabet Hungarian is written with the Hungarian alphabet, an extended version of the Latin alphabet. Its letters usually indicate sounds, except when morphemes are to be marked (see below). The extensions include consonants written with digraphs or a trigraph and vowel letters marked with diacritics. Long consonants are marked by a double letter (e.g. > and > ) while long vowels get an acute accent (e.g. > ) or their umlaut is replaced with a double acute accent ( > ). Only the first letter of digraphs and of the trigraph is written in upper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarian Dzs
Dzs is the eighth letter, and the only trigraph, of the Hungarian alphabet. Its name is pronounced , and represents the sounds and , like in English ''jump''. History ''Dz'' and ''dzs'' were recognized as individual letters in the 11th edition of Hungarian orthography (1984).http://real-j.mtak.hu/6065/1/MagyarNyelvor_1984.pdf p. 399 Prior to that, they were analyzed as two-letter combinations ''d+z'' and ''d+zs''. ''Dzs'', along with ''Dz', are rather uncommon letters or sequences, and is mostly used for foreign terms. Length In several words, it is pronounced long, e.g. * ''menedzser, bridzs, bridzsel, maharadzsa, lodzsa, rádzsa, hodzsa, dodzsem, tádzsik, Tádzsikisztán, Kudzsiri-havasok'' (meaning "manager, bridge ame to play bridge, maharaja, loggia, rajah, hodja, bumper cars (dodgem), Tajik, Tajikistan, Sebeş or Şureanu Mountains", respectively) in other ones, short, e.g. * ''tinédzser, büdzsé, Fudzsi'' (meaning "teenager, budget, Mount Fuji", respectively) It ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarian Dz
Dz is a digraph of the Latin script, consisting of the consonants D and Z. It may represent , , or , depending on the language. Usage by language ''Dz'' generally represents in Latin alphabets, including Hungarian, Kashubian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Polish, Slovak, and the Latin Macedonian However, in Dene Suline (Chipewyan) and Cantonese Pinyin it represents , and in Vietnamese it is a pronunciation respelling of the letter ''D'' to represent . Esperanto Some Esperanto grammars, notably ''Plena Analiza Gramatiko de Esperanto,'' consider ''dz'' to be a digraph for the voiced affricate , as in ''edzo'' "husband". The case for this is "rather weak". Most Esperantists, including Esperantist linguists (Janton, Wells), reject it. Hungarian is the seventh letter of the Hungarian alphabet. It is called ''dzé'' () as a letter of the alphabet, where it represents the voiced alveolar affricate phoneme . ⟨Dz⟩ and ⟨dzs⟩ were recognized as individual letters in the 11th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bridge (game)
Contract bridge, or simply bridge, is a trick-taking card game using a standard 52-card deck. In its basic format, it is played by four players in two competing partnerships, with partners sitting opposite each other around a table. Millions of people play bridge worldwide in clubs, tournaments, online and with friends at home, making it one of the world's most popular card games, particularly among seniors. The World Bridge Federation (WBF) is the governing body for international competitive bridge, with numerous other bodies governing it at the regional level. The game consists of a number of , each progressing through four phases. The cards are dealt to the players; then the players ''call'' (or ''bid'') in an auction seeking to take the , specifying how many tricks the partnership receiving the contract (the declaring side) needs to take to receive points for the deal. During the auction, partners use their bids to also exchange information about their hands, including ov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Consonant Length
In phonetics and phonology, gemination (), or consonant lengthening (from Latin 'doubling', itself from ''gemini'' 'twins'), is an articulation of a consonant for a longer period of time than that of a singleton consonant. It is distinct from stress. Gemination is represented in many writing systems by a doubled letter and is often perceived as a doubling of the consonant.William Ham, ''Phonetic and Phonological Aspects of Geminate Timing'', p. 1-18 Some phonological theories use "doubling" as a synonym for gemination, others describe two distinct phenomena. Consonant length is a distinctive feature in certain languages, such as Arabic, Berber, Danish, Estonian, Hindi, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Kannada, Punjabi, Polish and Turkish. Other languages, such as English, do not have word-internal phonemic consonant geminates. Consonant gemination and vowel length are independent in languages like Arabic, Japanese, Finnish and Estonian; however, in languages like Italian, Norwe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
