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Holtzman Inkblot Technique
The Holtzman inkblot technique (HIT), also known as the Holtzman inkblot test, is an ink blot test aimed at detecting personality and was conceived by Wayne H. Holtzman and colleagues. It was first introduced in 1961 as a projective personality test similar to the Rorschach Rorschach may refer to: * Hermann Rorschach, a Swiss psychiatrist ** Rorschach test, his psychological evaluation method involving inkblots * Rorschach (character), a character from the comics ''Watchmen'' * Rorschach (comic book), a 2020 comic * .... The HIT is a standardized measurement. The Holtzman Inkblot Test was developed as an attempt to address some controversial issues surrounding the Rorschach Inkblot Test.Holtzman Ink Blot Test The Free Dictionary. Purpose The Holtzman inkblot test (HIT) ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ink Blot Test
An ink blot test is a personality test that involves the evaluation of a subject's response to ambiguous ink blots. This test was published in 1921 by Swiss psychiatrist Hermann Rorschach. The interpretation of people's responses to the Rorschach Inkblot Test was originally based on psychoanalytical theory but investigators have used it in an empirical fashion. When this test is used empirically, the quality of the responses is related to the measurements of personality. Throughout the 1940s and 1950s the ink blot test was popular among clinical psychologists but quickly lost popularity as critics claimed it to be too subjective. Variations of the ink blot test have since been developed such as the Holtzman Inkblot Test and the Somatic Inkblot Series. An ink blot test is a general category of projective tests. In projective tests, participants' interpretations of ambiguous stimuli are used to analyze inner thoughts, feelings, and personality traits. In the 19th century, ink ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wayne H
Wayne may refer to: People with the given name and surname * Wayne (given name) * Wayne (surname) Geographical Places with name ''Wayne'' may take their name from a person with that surname; the most famous such person was Gen. "Mad" Anthony Wayne from the former Northwest Territory during the American revolutionary period. Places in Canada * Wayne, Alberta Places in the United States Cities, towns and unincorporated communities: * Wayne, Illinois * Wayne City, Illinois * Wayne, Indiana * Wayne, Kansas * Wayne, Maine * Wayne, Michigan * Wayne, Nebraska * Wayne, New Jersey * Wayne, New York * Wayne, Ohio * Wayne, Oklahoma * Wayne, Pennsylvania * Wayne, West Virginia * Wayne, Lafayette County, Wisconsin * Wayne, Washington County, Wisconsin ** Wayne (community), Wisconsin Other places: * Wayne County (other) * Wayne Township (other) * Waynesborough, Gen. Anthony Wayne's early homestead in Pennsylvania * Wayne National Forest in southeastern Ohio * Jo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Projective Test
In psychology, a projective test is a personality test designed to let a person respond to ambiguous stimuli, presumably revealing hidden emotions and internal conflicts projected by the person into the test. This is sometimes contrasted with a so-called "objective test" / "self-report test", which adopt a "structured" approach as responses are analyzed according to a presumed universal standard (for example, a multiple choice exam), and are limited to the content of the test. The responses to projective tests are content analyzed for meaning rather than being based on presuppositions about meaning, as is the case with objective tests. Projective tests have their origins in psychoanalysis, which argues that humans have conscious and unconscious attitudes and motivations that are beyond or hidden from conscious awareness. Theory The general theoretical position behind projective tests is that whenever a specific question is asked, the response will be consciously formulated and so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Personality Test
A personality test is a method of assessing human personality constructs. Most personality assessment instruments (despite being loosely referred to as "personality tests") are in fact introspective (i.e., subjective) self-report questionnaire (Q-data, in terms of LOTS data) measures or reports from life records (L-data) such as rating scales. Attempts to construct actual performance tests of personality have been very limited even though Raymond Cattell with his colleague Frank Warburton compiled a list of over 2000 separate objective tests that could be used in constructing objective personality tests. One exception however, was the Objective-Analytic Test Battery, a performance test designed to quantitatively measure 10 factor-analytically discerned personality trait dimensions. A major problem with both L-data and Q-data methods is that because of item transparency, rating scales and self-report questionnaires are highly susceptible to motivational and response distortion ran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rorschach Test
The Rorschach test is a projective psychological test in which subjects' perceptions of inkblots are recorded and then analyzed using psychological interpretation, complex algorithms, or both. Some psychologists use this test to examine a person's personality characteristics and emotional functioning. It has been employed to detect underlying thought disorder, especially in cases where patients are reluctant to describe their thinking processes openly. The test is named after its creator, Swiss psychologist Hermann Rorschach. The Rorschach can be thought of as a psychometric examination of pareidolia, the active pattern of perceiving objects, shapes, or scenery as meaningful things to the observer's experience, the most common being faces or other pattern of forms that are not present at the time of the observation. In the 1960s, the Rorschach was the most widely used projective test. Although the Exner Scoring System (developed since the 1960s) claims to have addressed and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holtzman 13B
Holtzman, Haltzman, and Holzman may refer to: People *Bob Holtzman (b. 1972), US television personality *Elizabeth Holtzman (b. 1941), US lawyer, NYC Comptroller, and political figure * Glenn Holtzman (1930-1980), US football player *Harry Holtzman (1912-1987), US artist *Jerome Holtzman (1926-2008), US sportswriter * John W. Holtzman (1858-1942), US political figure *Ken Holtzman (b. 1945), US baseball player * Lester Holtzman (1913-2002), US political figure * Linda Joy Holtzman (fl. 1960s-present), US rabbi and scholar *Marc Holtzman (b. ca. 1955), US international investment bank figure *Scott Holtzman (b. 1983), US martial artist * Shay Holtzman (b. 1974), Israeli footballer * Wayne H. Holtzman (b. ca. 1922), US psychoanalyst *Wilhelm Holtzman, birth name of German classical scholar Wilhelm Xylander (1532-1576) *Willy Holtzman (b. 1952), US author, screenwriter *Zac Holtzman (fl. 1980s-present), US musician Haltzman *Scott Haltzman (b. 1960), US psychiatrist, counselor, author ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pareidolia
Pareidolia (; ) is the tendency for perception to impose a meaningful interpretation on a nebulous stimulus, usually visual, so that one sees an object, pattern, or meaning where there is none. Common examples are perceived images of animals, faces, or objects in cloud formations, seeing faces in inanimate objects, or lunar pareidolia like the Man in the Moon or the Moon rabbit. The concept of pareidolia may extend to include hidden messages in recorded music played in reverse or at higher- or lower-than-normal speeds, and hearing voices (mainly indistinct) or music in random noise, such as that produced by air conditioners or fans. Scientists have taught computers to use visual clues to "see" faces and other images. Etymology The word derives from the Greek words ''pará'' (, "beside, alongside, instead f) and the noun ''eídōlon'' (, "image, form, shape"). The German word was used in articles by Karl Ludwig Kahlbaum—for example in his 1866 paper "" ("On Delusion of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Projective Test
In psychology, a projective test is a personality test designed to let a person respond to ambiguous stimuli, presumably revealing hidden emotions and internal conflicts projected by the person into the test. This is sometimes contrasted with a so-called "objective test" / "self-report test", which adopt a "structured" approach as responses are analyzed according to a presumed universal standard (for example, a multiple choice exam), and are limited to the content of the test. The responses to projective tests are content analyzed for meaning rather than being based on presuppositions about meaning, as is the case with objective tests. Projective tests have their origins in psychoanalysis, which argues that humans have conscious and unconscious attitudes and motivations that are beyond or hidden from conscious awareness. Theory The general theoretical position behind projective tests is that whenever a specific question is asked, the response will be consciously formulated and so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thematic Apperception Test
Thematic apperception test (TAT) is a projective psychological test developed during the 1930s by Henry A. Murray and Christiana D. Morgan at Harvard University. Proponents of the technique assert that subjects' responses, in the narratives they make up about ambiguous pictures of people, reveal their underlying motives, concerns, and the way they see the social world. Historically, the test has been among the most widely researched, taught, and used of such techniques. History The TAT was developed by American psychologist Murray and lay psychoanalyst Morgan at the Harvard Clinic at Harvard University during the 1930s. Anecdotally, the idea for the TAT emerged from a question asked by one of Murray's undergraduate students, Cecilia Roberts. ; see Weber'sChristiana Morgan (1897–1967)" in Michel Weber and William Desmond, Jr. (eds.), Handbook of Whiteheadian Process Thought', Frankfurt / Lancaster, Ontos Verlag, 2008, v. II, pp. 465-468. She reported that when her son was ill, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blacky Pictures Test
The Blacky pictures test was a projective test, employing a series of twelve picture cards, used by psychoanalysts in mid-20th century United States, America and elsewhere, to investigate the extent to which children's personalities were shaped by Freudian psychosexual development. The test was created by Gerald S. Blum in 1947, who was later Professor of Psychology at the University of Michigan. The drawings depicted a family of cartoon dogs in normal situations which could be related to psychoanalytic theory. The main character, 'Blacky', was accompanied by a sibling Tippy, and by a mother and father. Blacky's gender was determined by the gender of the test subject. Children were asked to make up a story, based in the drawings in the pictures, and the content of their responses, when analysed, was thought to indicate the extent of Freudian personality traits, such as an Anal retentive, anal personality, castration anxiety or penis envy. The Blacky Pictures Test's worth, as a sou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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