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History Of The Jews In Kharkiv
The history of the Jews in Kharkiv dates to at least 1734, when the Russian Empire allowed Jewish merchants to visit the city to engage in retail and trade. History As Kharkiv was located outside of the Pale of Settlement, Jewish residence was strictly controlled by the Russian government. Jews lost the right to enter the city in 1821, but regained that right in 1835 when the Governor of the Kharkov Governorate complained about the loss of more than 10 million rubles in revenue. Between 1855 and 1881, during the rule of Alexander II, a policy of selective emigration encouraged the migration of "useful" Jews to the city. By the late 19th century, the city had become a prominent center for the Zionist movement in Russia. The Jewish population significantly increased during the Soviet era, when Kharkiv's Jewish community doubled from 65,000 to 130,000 between 1923 and 1939. The main Jewish districts during the Soviet era were Kaganovichskii, Oktiabr’skii, Leninskii, and Dzerzhin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. The rise of the Russian Empire coincided with the decline of neighbouring rival powers: the Swedish Empire, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Qajar Iran, the Ottoman Empire, and Qing China. It also held colonies in North America between 1799 and 1867. Covering an area of approximately , it remains the third-largest empire in history, surpassed only by the British Empire and the Mongol Empire; it ruled over a population of 125.6 million people per the 1897 Russian census, which was the only census carried out during the entire imperial period. Owing to its geographic extent across three continents at its peak, it featured great ethnic, linguistic, religious, and economic diversity. From the 10th–17th centuries, the land ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1990s Post-Soviet Aliyah
The 1990s post-Soviet aliyah began en masse in the late 1980s when the government of Mikhail Gorbachev opened the borders of the USSR and allowed Jews to leave the country for Israel. Between 1989 and 2006, about 1.6 million Soviet Jews and their non-Jewish spouses and their relatives, as defined by the Law of Return, emigrated from the former Soviet Union. About 979,000, or 61%, migrated to Israel. Another 325,000 migrated to the United States, and 219,000 migrated to Germany.Post-Soviet Aliyah and Jewish Demographic Transformation – Mark Tolts. According to the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics
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Leib Kvitko
Leyb Moiseyevich Kvitko (russian: Лев Моисе́евич Кви́тко, yi, לייב קוויטקאָ) (October 15, 1890 – August 12, 1952) was a prominent Yiddish poet, an author of well-known children's poems and a member of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee (JAC). He was one of the editors of ''Eynikayt'' (the JAC's newspaper) and of the '' Heymland'', a literary magazine. He was executed in Moscow on August 12, 1952 together with twelve other members of the JAC, a massacre known as the Night of the Murdered Poets. Kvitko was rehabilitated in 1955. He was born in a Ukrainian shtetl, attended traditional Jewish religious school for boys (cheder) and was orphaned early. He moved to Kyiv in 1917 and soon became one of the leading Yiddish poets of the "Kiev Group". He lived in Germany between 1921 and 1925 joining there the Communist Party of Germany and publishing critically acclaimed poetry. He returned to the Soviet Union in 1925 and moved to Moscow in 1936, joining ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yevgeny Komarovsky
Yevgeny Olegovich Komarovsky ( uk, Євген Олегович Комаровський; russian: Евге́ний Оле́гович Комаро́вский ; born October 15, 1960, Kharkiv, Ukrainian SSR, USSR) is a Ukrainian pediatrician, doctor of the highest category, writer, TV presenter. Biography Yevgeny Olegovich Komarovsky was born in 1960 in Kharkiv into a family of engineers. His mother is Jewish, his father is Ukrainian. He graduated from Kharkiv National Medical University (Pediatric Faculty). In 1983 he started work in the regional Kharkiv infant clinical hospital, in the intensive care unit. From 1991 until 2000, he was head of the infectious department. Since 1996, Candidate of Medical Sciences. He is the author of numerous scientific works, as well as popular science articles and books. In March 2010, the project started on the Ukrainian television channel Inter. From February 25, 2017, he conducted the Medicine Show on Russkoye Radio. Since February 24, 20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Igor Guberman
Igor Mironovich Guberman ( rus, И́горь Миро́нович Губерма́н, p=ˈiɡərʲ mʲɪˈronəvʲɪtɕ ɡʊbʲɪrˈman, a=Igor' Mironovich Gubyerman.ru.vorb.oga, born 7 July 1936, Kharkiv) is a Russian writer and poet of Jewish ancestry; since 1988 lives in Israel. His poetry has received a great deal of acclaim primarily because of his signature aphoristic and satiric quatrains that he called ''gariki'' in Russian (singular: ''garik'', which is also the diminutive form of the author's first name, Igor).Gariki. These short poems (originally Guberman called them "Jewish Dazibao") usually feature an a-b-a-b rhyme scheme, employ various poetic meters, and cover a wide range of subjects including antisemitism, immigrant life, anti-religious sentiment, and the author's complicated relationship with Russia, Israel, and the respective cultures. ''Gariki'' are mostly humorous and often paradoxical, verging on philosophical. Biography Igor Guberman was born in Kharkiv o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Ghirshman
Roman Ghirshman (, ''Roman Mikhailovich Girshman''; October 3, 1895 – 5 September 1979) was a Russian-born French archeologist who specialized in ancient Persia. Ghirshman spent nearly thirty years excavating ancient Persian archeological sites throughout Iran and Afghanistan. Biography Roman Ghirshman was born to a wealthy Jewish family in Kharkiv in the Sloboda Ukraine (present-day Ukraine) in 1895. Ghirshman moved to Paris in 1917 to study Archeology and Ancient Languages. He was mainly interested in the archeological ruins of Iran, specifically Teppe Gian, Teppe Sialk, Bagram in Afghanistan, Bishapur in Fars, and Susa. Explore the hills Giyan book, written Roman Ghirshman, in Iran, Tehran, by Mortza Kayani and SohrabiPileroodi translated into Farsi and in publications Safyrardhal, 2021AD has been published. In the 1930s, Girshman, together with his wife Tania Ghirshman, was the first to excavate Teppe Sialk. His studies on Chogha Zanbil have been printed in 4 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oleksandr Feldman
Olexandr Borisovich Feldman ( uk, Олександр Борисович Фельдман) (born January 6, 1960, Kharkiv) is a Ukrainian politician and public figure of Jewish origin, People's Deputy of Ukraine (since 2002), businessman, multi-millionaire. He is considered to be one of the most influential people in Kharkiv. In 2013 he entered the rating of the hundred richest Ukrainians of the Ukrainian magazine Forbes, finishing 35th ($ 287m). Since June 2015, the co-chairman of the political party Our Land. Biography He is married and has two sons and a grandson. He graduated from the Kharkiv National University in 2002 as an economist. He is a member of the Ukrainian Parliament and president of the Ukrainian Jewish Committee. Feldman is also a co-founder of the Institute of Human Rights and the Prevention of Extremism and Xenophobia. Feldman first entered the Ukrainian parliament after winning a single-member district located in Kharkiv during the 2002 Ukrainian parliam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viktor Fainberg
Viktor Isaakovich Fainberg (russian: Ви́ктор Исаа́кович Фа́йнберг, born 26 November 1931, Kharkiv, Ukrainian SSR) is a philologist, prominent figure of the dissident movement in the Soviet Union, participant of the 1968 Red Square demonstration, and the director of the Campaign Against Psychiatric Abuse. Biography Viktor Fainberg was born to the married couple of Isaac Fainberg and Sarah Dashevskaya. In his life as a child, while attending school during an antisemitic campaign of 1948-1952, he was subjected to harassment that, in his own words, he did not reconcile himself to, but entered the fray with an abuser. As the result of these frays, he got a referral to a psychiatrist. In 1957, in connection with antisemitic insult, he had a fight with a policeman and for this reason was sentenced to 1 year of corrective labor. In 1968, he graduated from the English unit of the philological department of the Leningrad University where he defended his diplo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Larisa Bogoraz
Larisa Iosifovna Bogoraz (russian: Лари́са Ио́сифовна Богора́з(-Брухман), full name: Larisa Iosifovna Bogoraz-Brukhman, Bogoraz was her father's last name, Brukhman her mother's, August 8, 1929 – April 6, 2004) was a dissident in the Soviet Union. Biography Born in Kharkiv, at the time capital of the Ukrainian SSR, to a family of Communist Party bureaucrats, she graduated as a linguist from the University of Kharkiv and in 1950, married her first husband, Yuli Daniel, a writer. Together, they moved to Moscow. Her marriage to Daniel would ultimately lead to her becoming involved in activism. In 1965, Daniel and a friend of his, Andrei Sinyavsky, were arrested for a number of writings that they had had published overseas under pseudonyms (see Sinyavsky-Daniel trial). The trial of the two men was the beginning of a crackdown on dissent under General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev. They were both sent to terms in forced labor camps. After their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gary Berkovich
Gary Berkovich, AIA, NCARB (born May 26, 1935, in Kharkiv, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union) is an American and Soviet architect, and the first Soviet architect of 1960s – 1980s immigration wave, who had opened his office (Gary A. Berkovich Associates, 1987) in the United States. Author of about 200 projects of residential and public buildings in the USSR and in the USA. He is a winner of the architectural competitions in the Soviet Union and in the United States. He is also an author of books and professional articles. Biography Gary Berkovich was born to a Jewish family in Ukraine. He had graduated from the Kharkiv Building Technical School (1953) and the Moscow School of Architecture (1964), both with honours. In 1973, he got a PhD from Moscow Housing Design and Research Institute for his thesis, dedicated to the computerization of architectural design ("The problems of an apartment layout optimization solutions»). He worked in architectural firms of Kharkiv, Novosibirsk a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polina Bayvel
Polina Leopoldovna Bayvel (russian: link=no, Полина Леопольдовна Байвель; born 14 April 1966) is a British engineer and academic. She is currently Professor of Optical Communications & Networks in the Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering at University College London. She has made major contributions to the investigation and design of high-bandwidth multiwavelength optical networking. Education and early life Bayvel was born into a Jewish family, and grew up in Kharkiv and Leningrad (now St. Petersburg) until 1978. Her father is the physicist Leopold P. Bayvel, her mother Raisa (Rachel) was a textile/pattern technologist/garment engineer and later published studies in Eastern-European Jewish history. She was educated in England at Hasmonean High School for Girls and University College London where she was awarded a Bachelor of Engineering degree in 1986 followed by a PhD in 1990. In 1990, she was awarded a Royal Society Postdoctoral Exch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yad Vashem
Yad Vashem ( he, יָד וַשֵׁם; literally, "a memorial and a name") is Israel's official memorial to the victims of the Holocaust. It is dedicated to preserving the memory of the Jews who were murdered; honoring Jews who fought against their Nazi oppressors and Gentiles who selflessly aided Jews in need; and researching the phenomenon of the Holocaust in particular and genocide in general, with the aim of avoiding such events in the future. Established in 1953, Yad Vashem is located on the western slope of Mount Herzl, also known as the Mount of Remembrance, a height in western Jerusalem, above sea level and adjacent to the Jerusalem Forest. The memorial consists of a complex containing two types of facilities: some dedicated to the scientific study of the Holocaust and genocide in general, and memorials and museums catering to the needs of the larger public. Among the former there are a research institute with archives, a library, a publishing house, and an education ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
