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History Of The Jews In Iași
The history of the Jews in Iași dates back to the late 16th century, when Sephardi Jews first arrived in the city. Iași has been the center of Jewish life in Moldavia for centuries. Once home to a thriving Yiddish culture, the first Yiddish theater in the world was founded in the city. The city's Jewish community was devastated by the Iași pogrom of 1941; one of the worst massacres of World War II, over 13,000 Jewish people were murdered during the pogrom. Today, the community has dwindled and has between 300 and 600 members and two operating synagogues. Contemporary community The Iași Jewish community maintains two synagogues, including the Great Synagogue. The Great Synagogue is the oldest surviving synagogue in Romania and is listed on the National Register of Historic Monuments in Romania. There is a Jewish hospitality house in Iași that caters to Jewish tourists. Open during the summer, the house helps tourists who are visiting the graves of tzaddikim buried in the reg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iași
Iași ( , , ; also known by other alternative names), also referred to mostly historically as Jassy ( , ), is the second largest city in Romania and the seat of Iași County. Located in the historical region of Moldavia, it has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Romanian social, cultural, academic and artistic life. The city was the capital of the Principality of Moldavia from 1564 to 1859, then of the United Principalities from 1859 to 1862, and the capital of Romania from 1916 to 1918. Known as the Cultural Capital of Romania, Iași is a symbol of Romanian history. Historian Nicolae Iorga stated that "there should be no Romanian who does not know of it". Still referred to as "The Moldavian Capital", Iași is the main economic and business centre of Romania's Moldavian region. In December 2018, Iași was officially declared the Historical Capital of Romania. At the 2011 census, the city-proper had a population of 290,422 (making it the fourth most populous in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Émile Natan
Émile Natan (1906–1962) was a Romanian-born French film producer. He was the brother of Bernard Natan, the head of Pathé-Natan.Andrew p.365 Selected filmography * '' Accused, Stand Up!'' (1930) * ''Little Lise'' (1930) * '' Levy and Company'' (1930) * '' Gloria'' (1931) * ''All That's Not Worth Love'' (1931) * '' The Dream'' (1931) * ''Orange Blossom'' (1932) * ''Beauty Spot'' (1932) * '' The Wonderful Day'' (1932) * '' The Levy Department Stores'' (1932) * ''Once Upon a Time'' (1933) * '' Toto'' (1933) * '' Koenigsmark'' (1935) * '' The King'' (1936) * '' Tricoche and Cacolet'' (1938) * '' After Love'' (1948) * '' Imperial Violets'' (1952) * '' The Beautiful Otero'' (1954) * ''The Triumph of Michael Strogoff ''The Triumph of Michael Strogoff'' (French: ''Le triomphe de Michel Strogoff'') is a 1961 French-Italian historical adventure film directed by Viktor Tourjansky and starring Curd Jürgens, Capucine and Claude Titre. It is inspired by the 1 ...'' (1961) Refere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ashkenazi Jewish Culture In Romania
Ashkenazi Jews ( ; he, יְהוּדֵי אַשְׁכְּנַז, translit=Yehudei Ashkenaz, ; yi, אַשכּנזישע ייִדן, Ashkenazishe Yidn), also known as Ashkenazic Jews or ''Ashkenazim'',, Ashkenazi Hebrew pronunciation: , singular: , Modern Hebrew: are a Jewish diaspora population who Coalescent theory, coalesced in the Holy Roman Empire around the end of the first millennium CE. Their traditional diaspora language is Yiddish (a West Germanic languages, West Germanic language with Jewish linguistic elements, including the Hebrew alphabet), which developed during the Middle Ages after they had moved from Germany in the Middle Ages, Germany and France in the Middle Ages, France into Northern Europe#UN geoscheme classification, Northern Europe and Eastern Europe. For centuries, Ashkenazim in Europe used Hebrew only as a sacred language until Revival of the Hebrew language, the revival of Hebrew as a common language in 20th-century Israel. Throughout their numerous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Der Wecker
''Der Wecker'' () was a Yiddish-language socialist newspaper, published in Iaşi, Romania, from May to September 1896. It was published by a socialist propaganda group, which also brought out ''Lumina''. In September 1896, the publication of ''Der Wecker'' was discontinued due to financial constraints.Linden, Marcel van der, and Jürgen Rojahn. The Formation of Labour Movements, 1870-1914: An International Perspective. Contributions to the history of labour and society, v. 2'. Leiden Leiden (; in English and archaic Dutch also Leyden) is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. The municipality of Leiden has a population of 119,713, but the city forms one densely connected agglomeration wit ...: E.J. Brill, 1990. p. 369 See also * History of the Jews in Iași References 1896 establishments in Romania 1896 disestablishments in Romania Defunct newspapers published in Romania Jews and Judaism in Iași Mass media in Iași Newspapers p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victims Of Iași Pogrom Monument
The Victims of Iaşi Pogrom Monument ( ro, Monumentul Victimelor Pogromului de la Iaşi) is an obelisk to the victims of Iași pogrom, unveiled on June 28, 2011, in front of the Great Synagogue (Iaşi), Romania. The black marble obelisk replaced a former obelisk "In Memory of the Victims of the Fascist Fascism is a far-right, Authoritarianism, authoritarian, ultranationalism, ultra-nationalist political Political ideology, ideology and Political movement, movement,: "extreme militaristic nationalism, contempt for electoral democracy and pol ... Pogrom of Iaşi, June 28–29, 1941." Gallery File:Iași Pogrom Monument 2.jpg File:Iași Pogrom Monument 3.jpg File:Iași Pogrom Monument 4.jpg File:Monumentul Victimelor Pogromului de la Iaşi.jpg, The former obelisk "In Memory of the Victims of the Fascist Pogrom of Iaşi, June 28–29, 1941" File:Iași Pogrom Monument 5.jpg References External links Monuments to the Victims of the June 1941 Pogrom Jews and Judaism in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pod Roșu Synagogue
The Pod Roșu Synagogue was a synagogue in Iași, Romania, in the neighborhood, during the 19th and 20th centuries. Cucu Street (under that name because of the sales of fowl which took place in a nearby market) was formerly called Sinagogilor Street for the many synagogues that were there (there were as many as 132 at one point), and the Pod Roșu Synagogue was built in a nearby neighborhood under the same name. Pod Roșu means "Red Bridge" in Romanian language, Romanian. History The Pod Roșu Synagogue was the second major synagogue to be built in Iași following the building of the Great Synagogue (Iași), Great Synagogue in Iași in 1671. In 1808, the Apter Rav, Rabbi Avraham Yehoshua Heshel, Avraham Yehoshua Heschel moved to Iași to found a Hasidic Judaism, Chassidic community there (he was to leave only a few years thereafter). As the Great Synagogue (then called the Schulhof) prayed in Nusach Ashkenaz, Nussach Ashkenaz, the intended synagogue was to pray in Nusach Sefar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of The Jews In Romania
The history of the Jews in Romania concerns the Jews both of Romania and of Romanian origins, from their first mention on what is present-day Romanian territory. Minimal until the 18th century, the size of the Jewish population increased after around 1850, and more especially after the establishment of ''Greater Romania'' in the aftermath of World War I. A diverse community, albeit an overwhelmingly urban one, Jews were a target of religious persecution and racism in Romanian societyfrom the late-19th century debate over the "Jewish Question" and the Jewish residents' right to citizenship, to the genocide carried out in the lands of Romania as part of the Holocaust. The latter, coupled with successive waves of ''aliyah'', has accounted for a dramatic decrease in the overall size of Romania's present-day Jewish community. Jewish communities existed in Romanian territory in the 2nd century AD, after Roman annexation of Dacia in 106 AD. During the reign of Peter the Lame (1574–1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of The Jews In Moldova
The history of the Jews in Moldova reaches back several centuries. Bessarabian Jews have been living in the area for some time. Today, the Jewish community living in Moldova numbers less than 4,000 according to one estimate, while local estimates put the number at 15–20,000 Jews and their family members. Bessarabian Jews Early history * 1889: There were 180,918 Jews of a total population of 1,628,867 in Bessarabia. * 1897: The Jewish population had grown to 225,637 of a total of 1,936,392. * 1903: Chișinău (Kishinev) in Russian Bessarabia had a Jewish population of 50,000, or 46%, out of a total of approximately 110,000. While almost non-existent in the countryside, Jews had been present in all major towns since the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th. Jewish life flourished with 16 Jewish schools and over 2,000 pupils in Chișinău alone. * 16 February 1903: The Kishinev pogrom occurs. * 1920: The Jewish population had grown to approximately 267,000. * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of The Jews In Bessarabia
The history of the Jews in Bessarabia, a historical region in Eastern Europe, dates back hundreds of years. Early history Jews are mentioned from very early in the Principality of Moldavia, but they did not represent a significant number. Their main activity in Moldavia was commerce, but they could not compete with Greeks and Armenians, who had knowledge of Levantine commerce and relationships. Several times, when Jewish merchants created monopolies in some places in north Moldavia, Moldavian rulers sent them back to Galicia and Podolia. One such example was during the reign of Petru Şchiopul (1583–1591), who favored the English merchants led by William Harborne.Ion Nistor, ''Istoria Basarabiei'', Cernăuţi, 1923, reprinted Chişinău, Cartea Moldovenească, 1991, pp. 201-02 In the 18th century, more Jews started to settle in Moldavia. Some of them were in charge of the Dniester crossings, replacing Moldavians and Greeks, until the captain of Soroca demanded their expulsion ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gruber's Journey
''Gruber's Journey'' or ''Călătoria lui Gruber'' is a 2008 Romanian drama film directed by Radu Gabrea. It is set in World War II during the Holocaust in Iași (Iași pogrom) and was shot on location in Bucharest. The film screened at the Third Annual Romanian Film Festival. Plot The film centers on an Italian writer named Curzio Malaparte, who was a member of the Italian Fascist Party. Malaparte is assigned to cover the Russian front for the Italian news service, and travels with Colonel Freitag of the Wehrmacht and the deputy commander of the local Romanian garrison to Romania. He suffers from a serious allergy and is sent to consult world-class allergist, Dr. Josef Gruber in Iași, but Gruber is missing. Suffering terribly from his allergy, Malaparte desperately seeks to find the doctor who has been captured. During his search for the doctor he encounters shocking situations in the Holocaust against the Jews in the city. He later writes a very critical account of the in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zeydl Shmuel-Yehuda Helman
Zeydl Shmuel-Yehuda Helman ( yi, זײדל שמואל-יהודיה העלמאַן, c. 1855 – c. 1938), who often published under the pen name Hazman (), was a Romanian Jewish actor, songwriter, journalist, and educator. In addition to working as an actor in the Yiddish theatre in Romania and in the United States, he wrote and published a large number of Yiddish theatre songs which were widely performed in the late nineteenth century, making him one of the earliest popular songwriters in the genre. Biography Helman was born in Iași, Romania in 1855. His birth name was Shmuel-Yehuda, but he took on the name Zeydl after a childhood illness. His father had been a Hazzan but died when Helman was young. His mother remarried and his stepfather wanted him to become a shoichet (ritual slaughterer), but due to his interest in music he became a Hazzan and music teacher in Jewish schools instead. Around 1890, he became an actor in the Yiddish theatre and began to compose many songs which be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Skver (Hasidic Dynasty)
Skver (also Skvir, Skvere, or Skwere; yi, סקווירא) is the name of a Hasidic dynasty founded by Rebbe Yitzchok Twersky in the city of Skver (as known in Yiddish; or Skvyra, in present-day Ukraine) during the mid-19th century. Followers of the rebbes of Skver are called ''Skverer Hasidim''. The dynasty of Skver is a branch of the Chernobyl dynasty. Its founder, Rebbe Yitzchok, also known as Reb Itzikl, was one of the eight sons of Rabbi Mordechai, the Maggid of Chernobyl. There are three offshoots of the Skverer dynasty. David Twersky is the rebbe of one headquartered in New Square, New York. Yechiel Michl Twersky, son of the late rebbe David Twersky, is the rebbe of another. Yitzcok Twersky, son of the late rebbe Mottel Twersky is the rebbe of a third. Philosophy and lifestyle Skverer Hasidism stresses Torah study, prayer, and abstention from excessive earthly pleasures, in order to achieve purity of heart and mind. To that end, the village of New Square was establis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
