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History Of El Salvador (1931–79)
The Salvadoran military dictatorship was the period of time in Salvadoran history where the Salvadoran Armed Forces governed the country for almost 48 years from 2 December 1931 until 15 October 1979. The authoritarian military dictatorship limited political rights throughout the country and maintained its governance through rigged elections. The military came to power in El Salvador when the first democratically elected president, Arturo Araujo, was overthrown in a military coup d'état on 2 December 1931. The military appointed Araujo's vice president, General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez, as acting president on 4 December 1931. He remained in office until he was forced to resign on 9 May 1944 following strikes and protests by students in the capital of San Salvador. He was followed by three short-lived presidents, who were then succeeded by Óscar Osorio in 1950. His successor, José María Lemus, was overthrown in a military coup d'état in 1960 and was replaced ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Osmín Aguirre Y Salinas
Osmín Aguirre y Salinas (24 December 1889 – 17 July 1977) was a Salvadoran military officer and politician who served as the provisional president of El Salvador from 21 October 1944 until 1 March 1945. A colonel in the Salvadoran Army, Aguirre led two successful coups against the Salvadoran government: once in 1931 (installing General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez in power) and once more in 1944 (installing himself in power). He left office in 1945, with the assurance that his successor in the next election would be Salvador Castaneda Castro. Aguirre was later assassinated by left-wing guerrillas near his home in San Salvador at the age of 87. The Supreme Court declared his term unconstitutional, and the United States did not recognize his coming to power, which deemed his regime pro-fascist. As the chief of the National Police of El Salvador, Aguirre was one of main perpetrators of . Early life Osmín Aguirre y Salinas was born in San Miguel, El Salvador on 24 De ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Francisco José Guerrero
Francisco José Guerrero Cienfuegos (14 May 1925 – 28 November 1989) was a Salvadoran politician and lawyer who served as Vice President of El Salvador and President of the Legislative Assembly. He had a leadership position in National Conciliation Party (PCN). Guerrero was born on 14 May 1925 in San Salvador. He graduated from the faculty of jurisprudence and social sciences of the University of El Salvador in December 1953. He worked as a lawyer. Guerrero was a founding member of the National Conciliation Party, of which he was secretary general from December 1962 to October 1967. In 1962, he acted as vice president of the Constituent Assembly. He was Vice President of El Salvador in the provisional government of Eusebio Rodolfo Cordón Cea from January 1962 to July 1962. Guerrero was President of the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador from 1962 to 1968. He was appointed as Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1967 and served until 1972. Years later, he was appointed as the p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Humberto Costa (Salvadoran Politician)
Humberto Costa (born 2 September 1906) was a Salvadoran politician who was Vice President of El Salvador during the presidency of José María Lemus. He is a doctor by profession. Costa was born on 2 September 1906 in Santa Ana. He was a civilian member in the ruling military junta which governed El Salvador from 14 December 1948 to 14 September 1950. He was then appointed as the president of the Supreme Court of El Salvador, and he held that position until the 1956 elections. Costa was elected Vice President of El Salvador as the running mate of José María Lemus in the elections of 1956 under the banner of PRUD. He was acting President of El Salvador during the absence of President Lemus from 9 March to 31 March 1959. He was also Minister of Finance A ministry of finance is a ministry or other government agency in charge of government finance, fiscal policy, and financial regulation. It is headed by a finance minister, an executive or cabinet position . A ministry o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
José María Peralta Salazar
José is a predominantly Spanish and Portuguese form of the given name Joseph. While spelled alike, this name is pronounced very differently in each of the two languages: Spanish ; Portuguese (or ). In French, the name ''José'', pronounced , is an old vernacular form of Joseph, which is also in current usage as a given name. José is also commonly used as part of masculine name composites, such as José Manuel, José Maria or Antonio José, and also in female name composites like Maria José or Marie-José. The feminine written form is ''Josée'' as in French. In Netherlandic Dutch, however, ''José'' is a feminine given name and is pronounced ; it may occur as part of name composites like Marie-José or as a feminine first name in its own right; it can also be short for the name ''Josina'' and even a Dutch hypocorism of the name ''Johanna''. In England, Jose is originally a Romano-Celtic surname, and people with this family name can usually be found in, or traced to, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Manuel Adriano Vilanova
Dr. Manuel Adriano Vilanova Córdova was a Salvadoran physician and politician who served as Vice President of El Salvador during the presidency of general Salvador Castaneda Castro. Vilanova was born on 18 August 1873 in San Miguel. He was educated at University of El Salvador and graduated as doctor of medicine in 1906. He was a pediatrician. He worked as professor at the Universidad Nacional. Vilanova was the co-founder of Sanatorio de Tuberculosis Nacional. He was a public health director. Vilanova was elected alongside general Salvador Castaneda Castro in the elections of February 1945. He served as Vice President of El Salvador from 1 March 1945 to 14 December 1948. In addition to vice presidency, Vilanova was the director general of the ministry of health, and also the mayor of San Salvador San Salvador () is the Capital city, capital and the largest city of El Salvador and its San Salvador Department, eponymous department. It is the country's largest agglomeration ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
President Of El Salvador
President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Film and television *'' Præsidenten'', a 1919 Danish silent film directed by Carl Theodor Dreyer * ''The President'' (1928 film), a German silent drama * ''President'' (1937 film), an Indian film * ''The President'' (1961 film) * ''The Presidents'' (film), a 2005 documentary * ''The President'' (2014 film) * ''The President'' (South Korean TV series), a 2010 South Korean television series * ''The President'' (Palestinian TV series), a 2013 Palestinian reality television show *'' The President Show'', a 2017 Comedy Central political satirical parody sitcom * ''Presidents'' (film), a 2021 French film Music * The Presidents (American soul band) * The Presidents of the United States of America (band) or the Presidents, an American alternative rock group *"The President", a so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Carlos Humberto Romero
Carlos Humberto Romero Mena (29 February 1924 – 27 February 2017) was a Salvadoran military general and politician who served as president of El Salvador from 1 July 1977 until his overthrow on 15 October 1979. Romero was the final president of the country's military dictatorship which began in 1931. Early life Carlos Humberto Romero Mena was born on 29 February 1924 in Chalatenango, El Salvador. His parents were José María Romero (who died prior to his birth) and Victoria Mena de Romero. Military career Romero studied at the Captain General Gerardo Barrios Military School and the Command and General Staff School. Romero also traveled to Mexico City to specialize in horse riding. During his military service, Romero held various command positions over the Cavalry Group and the First Infantry Regiment. He also served as the Assistant to the Military Attaché to the Embassy of El Salvador to Mexico, the Director of the Weapons and Services School, the Head of Pers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Arturo Armando Molina
Arturo Armando Molina Barraza (6 August 1927 – 18 July 2021) was a Salvadoran politician and military officer, who served as President of El Salvador from 1972 to 1977. He was born in San Salvador. He served between 1 July 1972 and 1 July 1977. The 1973 oil crisis led to rising food prices and decreased agricultural output. This worsened the existent socioeconomic inequality in the country, leading to increased unrest. In response, Molina enacted a series of land reform measures, calling for large landholdings to be redistributed among the peasant population.Walter, Williams (1997). ''Militarization and Demilitarization in El Salvador’s Transition to Democracy''. p. 90. Molina was distrusted by the oligarchy and the right-wing military, and was resented by the opposition from whom he had stolen power. His attempts to silence opposition included the military occupation of the University of El Salvador in 1972, as well as violently suppressing student protests that erupted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Fidel Sánchez Hernández
Fidel Sánchez Hernández (7 July 1917 – 28 February 2003) was a Salvadoran military officer and politician who served as president of El Salvador from 1967 to 1972. During his rule, Sánchez Hernández faced war and economic turmoil. Military career Before becoming president, Sánchez Hernández was an army general in El Salvador and had brief stints as a military attaché in Washington D.C. (after his participation in the overthrow of José María Lemus in 1960) and in Paris. President Julio Adalberto Rivera Carballo, Julio Adalberto Rivera promoted him to Minister of the Interior of El Salvador, Minister of the Interior in 1962, and he served in that office until 1967, when he succeeded Rivera to the position of president. Presidency He continued Rivera's progressive programs and created a mostly civilian cabinet. The 1967 Salvadoran presidential election, 1967 election was considered one of the few in the period of military domination to have been fairly conducted; t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Julio Adalberto Rivera Carballo
Julio Adalberto Rivera Carballo (2 September 1921 – 29 July 1973) was a Salvadoran politician and military officer, who was the 34th President of El Salvador, in office from 1962 to 1967. Early life and career Rivera was born in Zacatecoluca, El Salvador. He was a military officer who helped to orchestrate a coup in 1961. From January to September of that year, he was a member of the Civic-Military Directory which ruled El Salvador at that time. In 1962 he was elected President for a 5-year term as the candidate of the National Conciliation Party. As president, he signed the Alianza para el Progreso with the United States and accepted a good amount of money to build low-cost housing for Salvadorans, such as the Zacamil buildings and other public works. The Times Magazines from March 16, 1962, said "Colonel Julio Rivera, is loosening the control of "the 14," a group of land and banking families who have ruled the country since Spanish colonial days", and recognized the bigge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Eusebio Rodolfo Cordón Cea
Doctor Eusebio Rodolfo Cordón Cea (16 December 1899 – 9 January 1966) was provisional president of El Salvador El Salvador, officially the Republic of El Salvador, is a country in Central America. It is bordered on the northeast by Honduras, on the northwest by Guatemala, and on the south by the Pacific Ocean. El Salvador's capital and largest city is S ... between 25 January and 1 July 1962. He served as the President of the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador in 1962. References 1899 births 1966 deaths People from Sonsonate Department Salvadoran people of Spanish descent 20th-century presidents of El Salvador Members of the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador Presidents of the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador 20th-century Salvadoran politicians {{ElSalvador-politician-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
