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Hesperomyces Coleomegillae
''Hesperomyces'' is a genus of fungi in the family Laboulbeniaceae. The genus contains ten species, including the type species, the Green Beetle Hanger (''Hesperomyces virescens''). ''H. virescens'' is a complex of species. It is an ecoparasite of an invasive species to Europe and the Americas, the harlequin ladybird (''Harmonia axyridis''). Laboratory bioassays pointed out that ''Hesperomyces''-infected ladybirds suffered increased mortality rates. The fungus completes its entire life cycle on the tough outer layer or integument of a living host where individual fruiting bodies or thalli are formed directly from ascospores. The thalli can form on any part of the insect, but spore germination likely only occurs once the host cuticle has hardened. The spores are believed to have a short life span. Due to the spores' sticky nature, they are not transmitted by contact with substrate or the air. Instead they are spread directly by host activities and it is suggested that transm ...
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Roland Thaxter
Roland Thaxter (August 28, 1858 – April 22, 1932) was an American mycologist, plant pathologist, botanist, and entomologist, renowned for his contribution to the insect parasitic fungi—Laboulbeniales. His college education was completed at Harvard, where he dedicated forty years to mycological and botanical research. His five-volume series on fungi in the order Laboulbeniales laid a solid foundation of research on these insect ectoparasites. He also contributed to the field of Plant Pathology. Biography Roland Thaxter was born in Newtonville, Massachusetts, 1858, the third and youngest child in the family. His parents were Levi Thaxter and Celia Thaxter, Celia (née Laighton) Thaxter. He married Mabel Gray Thaxter in 1887. Thaxter's personality was influenced greatly by his literary family. His father was a lawyer and an authority who brought the works of the poet Robert Browning to the American public. His mother, Celia Thaxter, was a distinguished poet, most well known for he ...
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A Creative Commons (CC) license is one of several public copyright licenses that enable the free distribution of an otherwise copyrighted "work".A "work" is any creative material made by a person. A painting, a graphic, a book, a song/lyrics to a song, or a photograph of almost anything are all examples of "works". A CC license is used when an author wants to give other people the right to share, use, and build upon a work that the author has created. CC provides an author flexibility (for example, they might choose to allow only non-commercial uses of a given work) and protects the people who use or redistribute an author's work from concerns of copyright infringement as long as they abide by the conditions that are specified in the license by which the author distributes the work. There are several types of Creative Commons licenses. Each license differs by several combinations that condition the terms of distribution. They were initially released on December 16, 2002, by ...
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Laboulbeniomycetes
The Laboulbeniomycetes are a unique group of fungi that are obligatorily associated with arthropods, either as external parasites ( Herpomycetales and Laboulbeniales) or for dispersal ( Pyxidiophorales). Herpomycetales and Laboulbeniales fungi are minute; their fruiting bodies, referred to as ''thalli'', commonly measure less than one millimeter. They live on the antennae, the mouthparts or other body regions of their arthropod hosts. Although several species of Laboulbeniomycetes have more or less extensive, root-like hyphal systems (haustoria In botany and mycology, a haustorium (plural haustoria) is a rootlike structure that grows into or around another structure to absorb water or nutrients. For example, in mistletoe or members of the broomrape family, the structure penetrates th ...) inside their hosts, as a group these fungi are relatively harmless to their hosts. These fungi occur usually only on adult hosts; apparently immature arthropods eliminate them during e ...
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Hesperomyces Papuanus
''Hesperomyces'' is a genus of fungi in the family Laboulbeniaceae. The genus contains ten species, including the type species, the Green Beetle Hanger (''Hesperomyces virescens''). ''H. virescens'' is a complex of species. It is an ecoparasite of an invasive species to Europe and the Americas, the harlequin ladybird (''Harmonia axyridis''). Laboratory bioassays pointed out that ''Hesperomyces''-infected ladybirds suffered increased mortality rates. The fungus completes its entire life cycle on the tough outer layer or integument of a living host where individual fruiting bodies or thalli are formed directly from ascospores. The thalli can form on any part of the insect, but spore germination likely only occurs once the host cuticle has hardened. The spores are believed to have a short life span. Due to the spores' sticky nature, they are not transmitted by contact with substrate or the air. Instead they are spread directly by host activities and it is suggested that transm ...
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Hesperomyces Palustris
''Hesperomyces'' is a genus of fungi in the family Laboulbeniaceae. The genus contains ten species, including the type species, the Green Beetle Hanger (''Hesperomyces virescens''). ''H. virescens'' is a complex of species. It is an ecoparasite of an invasive species to Europe and the Americas, the harlequin ladybird (''Harmonia axyridis''). Laboratory bioassays pointed out that ''Hesperomyces''-infected ladybirds suffered increased mortality rates. The fungus completes its entire life cycle on the tough outer layer or integument of a living host where individual fruiting bodies or thalli are formed directly from ascospores. The thalli can form on any part of the insect, but spore germination likely only occurs once the host cuticle has hardened. The spores are believed to have a short life span. Due to the spores' sticky nature, they are not transmitted by contact with substrate or the air. Instead they are spread directly by host activities and it is suggested that transm ...
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Hesperomyces Hyperaspidis
''Hesperomyces'' is a genus of fungi in the family Laboulbeniaceae. The genus contains ten species, including the type species, the Green Beetle Hanger (''Hesperomyces virescens''). ''H. virescens'' is a complex of species. It is an ecoparasite of an invasive species to Europe and the Americas, the harlequin ladybird (''Harmonia axyridis''). Laboratory bioassays pointed out that ''Hesperomyces''-infected ladybirds suffered increased mortality rates. The fungus completes its entire life cycle on the tough outer layer or integument of a living host where individual fruiting bodies or thalli are formed directly from ascospores. The thalli can form on any part of the insect, but spore germination likely only occurs once the host cuticle has hardened. The spores are believed to have a short life span. Due to the spores' sticky nature, they are not transmitted by contact with substrate or the air. Instead they are spread directly by host activities and it is suggested that transm ...
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Hesperomyces Harmoniae
''Hesperomyces'' is a genus of fungi in the family Laboulbeniaceae. The genus contains ten species, including the type species, the Green Beetle Hanger (''Hesperomyces virescens''). ''H. virescens'' is a complex of species. It is an ecoparasite of an invasive species to Europe and the Americas, the harlequin ladybird (''Harmonia axyridis''). Laboratory bioassays pointed out that ''Hesperomyces''-infected ladybirds suffered increased mortality rates. The fungus completes its entire life cycle on the tough outer layer or integument of a living host where individual fruiting bodies or thalli are formed directly from ascospores. The thalli can form on any part of the insect, but spore germination likely only occurs once the host cuticle has hardened. The spores are believed to have a short life span. Due to the spores' sticky nature, they are not transmitted by contact with substrate or the air. Instead they are spread directly by host activities and it is suggested that transm ...
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Hesperomyces Coleomegillae
''Hesperomyces'' is a genus of fungi in the family Laboulbeniaceae. The genus contains ten species, including the type species, the Green Beetle Hanger (''Hesperomyces virescens''). ''H. virescens'' is a complex of species. It is an ecoparasite of an invasive species to Europe and the Americas, the harlequin ladybird (''Harmonia axyridis''). Laboratory bioassays pointed out that ''Hesperomyces''-infected ladybirds suffered increased mortality rates. The fungus completes its entire life cycle on the tough outer layer or integument of a living host where individual fruiting bodies or thalli are formed directly from ascospores. The thalli can form on any part of the insect, but spore germination likely only occurs once the host cuticle has hardened. The spores are believed to have a short life span. Due to the spores' sticky nature, they are not transmitted by contact with substrate or the air. Instead they are spread directly by host activities and it is suggested that transm ...
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Hesperomyces Coccinelloides
''Hesperomyces'' is a genus of fungi in the family Laboulbeniaceae. The genus contains ten species, including the type species, the Green Beetle Hanger (''Hesperomyces virescens''). ''H. virescens'' is a complex of species. It is an ecoparasite of an invasive species to Europe and the Americas, the harlequin ladybird (''Harmonia axyridis''). Laboratory bioassays pointed out that ''Hesperomyces''-infected ladybirds suffered increased mortality rates. The fungus completes its entire life cycle on the tough outer layer or integument of a living host where individual fruiting bodies or thalli are formed directly from ascospores. The thalli can form on any part of the insect, but spore germination likely only occurs once the host cuticle has hardened. The spores are believed to have a short life span. Due to the spores' sticky nature, they are not transmitted by contact with substrate or the air. Instead they are spread directly by host activities and it is suggested that transm ...
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Hesperomyces Chilomenis
''Hesperomyces'' is a genus of fungi in the family Laboulbeniaceae. The genus contains ten species, including the type species, the Green Beetle Hanger (''Hesperomyces virescens''). ''H. virescens'' is a complex of species. It is an ecoparasite of an invasive species to Europe and the Americas, the harlequin ladybird (''Harmonia axyridis''). Laboratory bioassays pointed out that ''Hesperomyces''-infected ladybirds suffered increased mortality rates. The fungus completes its entire life cycle on the tough outer layer or integument of a living host where individual fruiting bodies or thalli are formed directly from ascospores. The thalli can form on any part of the insect, but spore germination likely only occurs once the host cuticle has hardened. The spores are believed to have a short life span. Due to the spores' sticky nature, they are not transmitted by contact with substrate or the air. Instead they are spread directly by host activities and it is suggested that transm ...
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Hesperomyces Catopii
''Hesperomyces'' is a genus of fungi in the family Laboulbeniaceae. The genus contains ten species, including the type species, the Green Beetle Hanger (''Hesperomyces virescens''). ''H. virescens'' is a complex of species. It is an ecoparasite of an invasive species to Europe and the Americas, the harlequin ladybird (''Harmonia axyridis''). Laboratory bioassays pointed out that ''Hesperomyces''-infected ladybirds suffered increased mortality rates. The fungus completes its entire life cycle on the tough outer layer or integument of a living host where individual fruiting bodies or thalli are formed directly from ascospores. The thalli can form on any part of the insect, but spore germination likely only occurs once the host cuticle has hardened. The spores are believed to have a short life span. Due to the spores' sticky nature, they are not transmitted by contact with substrate or the air. Instead they are spread directly by host activities and it is suggested that transm ...
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Hesperomyces Biphylli
''Hesperomyces'' is a genus of fungi in the family Laboulbeniaceae. The genus contains ten species, including the type species, the Green Beetle Hanger (''Hesperomyces virescens''). ''H. virescens'' is a complex of species. It is an ecoparasite of an invasive species to Europe and the Americas, the harlequin ladybird (''Harmonia axyridis''). Laboratory bioassays pointed out that ''Hesperomyces''-infected ladybirds suffered increased mortality rates. The fungus completes its entire life cycle on the tough outer layer or integument of a living host where individual fruiting bodies or thalli are formed directly from ascospores. The thalli can form on any part of the insect, but spore germination likely only occurs once the host cuticle has hardened. The spores are believed to have a short life span. Due to the spores' sticky nature, they are not transmitted by contact with substrate or the air. Instead they are spread directly by host activities and it is suggested that transm ...
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