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Hawlu Al-Abid
Hawlu Pasha al-Abid ( ar, هَوْلُو بَاشَا الْعَابِد, translit=Hevlû Bâşâ el-Âbid; tr, Holo Paşa el-Abid or ; 1824–1895) was a prominent Syrian administrator during the reign of Ottoman Sultan Abdulaziz. He was descended from the Syrian Mawālī Bedouins. Quoting Johann Büssow, "He had a distinguished military and administrative career in the service of the Ottoman state and managed to establish himself and some of his sons among the leading notables of Damascus. Between 1863 and 1865 was '' kaymakam'' of Nablus, and in 1869 he was the military commander of an expedition to Transjordan. ..After his service in Nablus, he was promoted to the rank of '' Mirmiran'', and after successfully completing his mission in 1869, Holo Paşa, together with Kamil Paşa, the governor of Jerusalem, received medals from the Austrian emperor and the Shah of Iran." He was also named qa'im maqam of the Biqa' (when Richard Francis Burton was consul at Damascus), th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hawlu Pasha Al-Abid
Hawlu Pasha al-Abid ( ar, هَوْلُو بَاشَا الْعَابِد, translit=Hevlû Bâşâ el-Âbid; tr, Holo Paşa el-Abid or ; 1824–1895) was a prominent Syrian administrator during the reign of Ottoman Sultan Abdulaziz. He was descended from the Syrian Mawālī Bedouins. Quoting Johann Büssow, "He had a distinguished military and administrative career in the service of the Ottoman state and managed to establish himself and some of his sons among the leading notables of Damascus. Between 1863 and 1865 was ''kaymakam'' of Nablus, and in 1869 he was the military commander of an expedition to Transjordan. ..After his service in Nablus, he was promoted to the rank of ''Mirmiran'', and after successfully completing his mission in 1869, Holo Paşa, together with Kamil Paşa, the governor of Jerusalem, received medals from the Austrian emperor and the Shah of Iran." He was also named qa'im maqam of the Biqa' (when Richard Francis Burton was consul at Damascus), then mutasa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biqa' Valley
The Beqaa Valley ( ar, links=no, وادي البقاع, ', Lebanese ), also transliterated as Bekaa, Biqâ, and Becaa and known in classical antiquity as Coele-Syria, is a fertile valley in eastern Lebanon. It is Lebanon's most important farming region. Industry also flourishes in Beqaa, especially that related to agriculture. The Beqaa is located about east of Beirut. The valley is situated between Mount Lebanon to the west and the Anti-Lebanon Mountains to the east. It forms the northeasternmost extension of the Great Rift Valley, which stretches from Syria to the Red Sea. Beqaa Valley is long and wide on average. It has a Mediterranean climate of wet, often snowy winters and dry, warm summers. The region receives limited rainfall, particularly in the north, because Mount Lebanon creates a rain shadow that blocks precipitation coming from the sea. The northern section has an average annual rainfall of , compared to in the central valley. Nevertheless, two rivers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political People From The Ottoman Empire
Politics (from , ) is the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of resources or status. The branch of social science that studies politics and government is referred to as political science. It may be used positively in the context of a "political solution" which is compromising and nonviolent, or descriptively as "the art or science of government", but also often carries a negative connotation.. The concept has been defined in various ways, and different approaches have fundamentally differing views on whether it should be used extensively or limitedly, empirically or normatively, and on whether conflict or co-operation is more essential to it. A variety of methods are deployed in politics, which include promoting one's own political views among people, negotiation with other political subjects, making laws, and exercising internal and external force, including wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1895 Deaths
Events January–March * January 5 – Dreyfus affair: French officer Alfred Dreyfus is stripped of his army rank, and sentenced to life imprisonment on Devil's Island. * January 12 – The National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty is founded in England by Octavia Hill, Robert Hunter and Canon Hardwicke Rawnsley. * January 13 – First Italo-Ethiopian War: Battle of Coatit – Italian forces defeat the Ethiopians. * January 17 – Félix Faure is elected President of the French Republic, after the resignation of Jean Casimir-Perier. * February 9 – Mintonette, later known as volleyball, is created by William G. Morgan at Holyoke, Massachusetts. * February 11 – The lowest ever UK temperature of is recorded at Braemar, in Aberdeenshire. This record is equalled in 1982, and again in 1995. * February 14 – Oscar Wilde's last play, the comedy ''The Importance of Being Earnest'', is first shown at St James's Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1824 Births
Eighteen or 18 may refer to: * 18 (number), the natural number following 17 and preceding 19 * one of the years 18 BC, AD 18, 1918, 2018 Film, television and entertainment * ''18'' (film), a 1993 Taiwanese experimental film based on the short story ''God's Dice'' * ''Eighteen'' (film), a 2005 Canadian dramatic feature film * 18 (British Board of Film Classification), a film rating in the United Kingdom, also used in Ireland by the Irish Film Classification Office * 18 (''Dragon Ball''), a character in the ''Dragon Ball'' franchise * "Eighteen", a 2006 episode of the animated television series ''12 oz. Mouse'' Music Albums * ''18'' (Moby album), 2002 * ''18'' (Nana Kitade album), 2005 * '' 18...'', 2009 debut album by G.E.M. Songs * "18" (5 Seconds of Summer song), from their 2014 eponymous debut album * "18" (One Direction song), from their 2014 studio album ''Four'' * "18", by Anarbor from their 2013 studio album '' Burnout'' * "I'm Eighteen", by Alice Cooper common ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandatory Syrian Republic
The First Syrian Republic, officially the Syrian Republic, '; french: République syrienne was formed in 1930 as a component of the Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon, succeeding the State of Syria. A treaty of independence was made in 1936 to grant independence to Syria and end official French rule, but the French parliament refused to accept the agreement. From 1940 to 1941, the Syrian Republic was under the control of Vichy France, and after the Allied invasion in 1941 gradually went on the path towards independence. The proclamation of independence took place in 1944, but only in October 1945 was the Syrian Republic ''de jure'' recognized by the United Nations; it became a ''de facto'' sovereign state on 17 April 1946, with the withdrawal of French troops. It was succeeded by the Second Syrian Republic upon the adoption of a new constitution on 5 September 1950. Mandatory Syrian Republic (1930–1946) The first Syrian constitution The project of a new constitution was di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Ali Bay Al-Abid
Muhammad Ali Bey al-Abid ( ar, محمد علي بك العابد, ; 1867 – 22 October 1939) or, as he spelled his own name in French, Mehmed Ali Abed, was appointed the president of the mandatory Syrian Republic (from 11 June 1932 until 21 December 1936) as a nominee of the nationalist Syrian parliament in Damascus after the country received partial recognition of sovereignty from France. France agreed to recognize Syria as a nation under intense nationalist pressure but did not withdraw its troops completely until 1946. Life Background and education Muhammad Ali al-Abid was born in Damascus, then in the Ottoman Empire. His father, Ahmad Izzat al-Abid, the son of Hawlu al-Abid, had initially been brought up in Damascus before pursuing his education in Beirut, Beirut Vilayet. Ahmad Izzat al-Abid, who was fluent in Arabic, French, and Turkish, started working in the administration of Damascus Vilayet and was authorized to found a periodical. Muhammad Ali was educated in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abdulhamid II
Abdülhamid or Abdul Hamid II ( ota, عبد الحميد ثانی, Abd ül-Hamid-i Sani; tr, II. Abdülhamid; 21 September 1842 10 February 1918) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 31 August 1876 to 27 April 1909, and the last sultan to exert effective control over the fracturing state. The time period which he reigned in the Ottoman Empire is known as the Hamidian Era. He oversaw a period of decline, with rebellions (particularly in the Balkans), and he presided over an unsuccessful war with the Russian Empire (1877–1878) followed by a successful war against the Kingdom of Greece in 1897, though Ottoman gains were tempered by subsequent Western European intervention. In accordance with an agreement made with the Republican Young Ottomans, he promulgated the Ottoman Empire's first Constitution, which was a sign of progressive thinking that marked his early rule. However, in 1878, citing disagreements with the Ottoman Parliament, he suspended both the short-lived con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmad Izzat Pasha Al-Abid
Ahmad Izzat Pasha bin Hawlu Pasha al-Abid ( ar, أَحمَد عِزَّت بَاشَا ابْنِ هَوْلُو بَاشَا الْعَابِد, translit=Ahmed İzzet Bâşâ bin Hevlû Bâşâ el-Âbid; tr, Holo Paşa'nın oğlu Ahmed İzzet Paşa el-Abid or ; 1851–1924), nicknamed Izzat Pasha the Arab ( tr, link=no, Arap İzzet Paşa), was a Syrian entrepreneur who became Second Secretary and confidant of Ottoman Sultan Abdulhamid II. He is considered to have been "one of the most powerful" statesmen during the last decade of Abdulhamid's rule. Life Ahmad Izzat al-Abid was born in Damascus. His father was Hawlu Pasha al-Abid. Ahmad Izzat was educated in Beirut. He spoke Arabic, French and Turkish. He moved to Istanbul where he served the Ottoman sultan, Abdulhamid II as an adviser. He left the Ottoman Empire following the Young Turk Revolution in 1908 and moved to London for some time before living in France and Switzerland. He then left for Egypt, where he died in 1924. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mutasarrif
Mutasarrif or mutesarrif ( ota, متصرّف, tr, mutasarrıf) was the title used in the Ottoman Empire and places like post-Ottoman Iraq for the governor of an administrative district. The Ottoman rank of mutasarrif was established as part of a 1864 reform, and its holder was appointed directly by the Sultan. The administrative district under his authority, the mutasarrifate (English for ), was officially called a () in Turkish or () in Arabic.Meyers (1905–1909)Liwâ A mutasarrif was subordinate to a wali or governor-general of a province, while being of superior rank to a kaymakam.Meyers (1905–1909)Kaimakam Etymology Ottoman Turkish mutasarrıf is derived from the Arabic mutaṣarrif, meaning provincial governor.lexico.commutasarrif Accessed 11 Feb 2022. Mutaṣarrif is the active participle of taṣarrafa, meaning "to act without restriction", "have the right of disposing (over somebody or something)". History This administrative unit was sometimes independent (e.g., ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Francis Burton
Sir Richard Francis Burton (; 19 March 1821 – 20 October 1890) was a British explorer, writer, orientalist scholar,and soldier. He was famed for his travels and explorations in Asia, Africa, and the Americas, as well as his extraordinary knowledge of languages and cultures. According to one count, he spoke twenty-nine languages. Burton's best-known achievements include: a well-documented journey to Mecca in disguise, at a time when non-Muslims were forbidden access on pain of death; an unexpurgated translation of ''One Thousand and One Nights'' (commonly called ''The Arabian Nights'' in English after early translations of Antoine Galland's French version); the publication of the ''Kama Sutra'' in English; a translation of ''The Perfumed Garden'', the "Arab ''Kama Sutra''"; and a journey with John Hanning Speke as the first Europeans to visit the Great Lakes of Africa in search of the source of the Nile. His works and letters extensively criticised colonial policies of the B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
_4.017_Vilayet_of_Hüdavendigâr.jpg "Click for more on -> Mutasarrif")
