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GÉANT
GÉANT is the pan-European data network for the research and education community. It interconnects national research and education networks (NRENs) across Europe, enabling collaboration on projects ranging from biological science, to earth observation, to arts and culture. The GÉANT project combines a high-bandwidth, high-capacity 50,000 km network with a growing range of services. These allow researchers to collaborate, working together wherever they are located. Services include identity and trust, multi-domain monitoring perfSONAR MDM, dynamic circuits and roaming via the eduroam service. Together with European NRENs, GÉANT connects 50 million users in over 10,000 institutions. Through links to research networks in other regions (such as Internet2 and ESnet in the US, AfricaConnect in Africa, TEIN in Asia-Pacific and RedCLARA in Latin America), GÉANT enables collaboration between researchers in over half the world's countries. Co-funded by the European Commission an ...
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RedCLARA
RedCLARA: the Latin American space for collaboration and development in education, science and innovation CLARA (''Latin American Advanced Networks Cooperation'' in English, ''Cooperación Latino Americana de Redes Avanzadas'', in Spanish, the native language of the institution, and ''Cooperação Latino-Americana de Redes Avançadas'' in Portuguese) is an international organization whose aim is to connect Latin America's Research and Education Networks (NRENs), that manages RedCLARA, the network. Since year 2004 RedCLARA  provides regional interconnection and connection to the world through its links to GÉANT (pan-European advanced network) and to Internet2(United States) and, through them, to Africa's advanced networksUbuntuNet AllianceWACRENASREN
, Asia

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NORDUnet
NORDUnet is an international collaboration between the National research and education networks in the Nordic countries. Members The members of NORDUnet are: * SUNET of Sweden * UNINETT of Norway * FUNET of Finland * Forskningsnettet of Denmark * RHnet of Iceland Network NORDUnet interconnects the Nordic national research and education networks and connects them to the worldwide network for research and education and to the general purpose Internet. NORDUnet provides its services by a combination of leased lines and Internet services provided by other international operators. NORDUnet has peering in multiple important internet exchange sites outside the Nordics, such as Amsterdam, Chicago, Frankfurt, London, Miami and New York. In addition to the basic Internet service NORDUnet operates information services and provides USENET NetNews and Multicast connectivity to the Nordic national networks. NORDUnet also coordinates the national networks' Computer Emergency Response T ...
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NREN
A national research and education network (NREN) is a specialised internet service provider dedicated to supporting the needs of the research and education communities within a country. It is usually distinguished by support for a high-speed backbone network, often offering dedicated channels for individual research projects. In recent years NRENs have developed many 'above the net' services. List of NRENs by geographic area East and Southern Africa * UbuntuNet Alliance for Research and Education Networking - the Alliance of NRENs of East and Southern Africa * Eb@le - DRC NREN * EthERNet - Ethiopian NREN * iRENALA - Malagasy NREN * KENET - Kenyan NREN * MAREN - Malawian NREN * MoRENet - Mozambican NREN * RENU - Ugandan NREN * RwEdNet - Rwanda NREN * SomaliREN - Somali NREN SudREN- Sudanese NREN * TENET/SANReN - South African NREN * TERNET - Tanzanian NREN * Xnet - Namibian NREN * ZAMREN - Zambian NREN North Africa ASREN- Arab States Research and Education Network * TU ...
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Israel Inter-University Computation Center
The Israel InterUniversity Computation Center (IUCC), implements, operates and maintains the national research and education network (NREN) of Israel. IUCC (Hebrew: מחב”א, MACHBA), was established in 1984 by Israel’s research universities and supported by the Planning and Budgeting Committee of the Council for Higher Education. It operates as a non-profit organization. Through its centers and divisions, IUCC delivers communication and network infrastructure services, digital information services, and learning technologies, as well as operating and handling all inter-university joint procurement and the legal aspects of operating Israel’s National Research and Education Network (NREN). IUCC promotes cooperation in these areas among member institutions, and between research institutes and organizations. Network History IUCC's telecommunications infrastructure was created in 1984 with a pre-Internet 9.6 kbit/s international line to the European EARN network. In 1990, the fir ...
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National Research And Education Networks
A national research and education network (NREN) is a specialised internet service provider dedicated to supporting the needs of the research and education communities within a country. It is usually distinguished by support for a high-speed backbone network, often offering dedicated channels for individual research projects. In recent years NRENs have developed many 'above the net' services. List of NRENs by geographic area East and Southern Africa * UbuntuNet Alliance for Research and Education Networking - the Alliance of NRENs of East and Southern Africa * Eb@le - DRC NREN * EthERNet - Ethiopian NREN * iRENALA - Malagasy NREN * KENET - Kenyan NREN * MAREN - Malawian NREN * MoRENet - Mozambican NREN * RENU - Ugandan NREN * RwEdNet - Rwanda NREN * SomaliREN - Somali NREN SudREN- Sudanese NREN * TENET/SANReN - South African NREN * TERNET - Tanzanian NREN * Xnet - Namibian NREN * ZAMREN - Zambian NREN North Africa ASREN- Arab States Research and Education Network * TU ...
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PerfSONAR
A national research and education network (NREN) is a specialised internet service provider dedicated to supporting the needs of the research and education communities within a country. It is usually distinguished by support for a high-speed backbone network, often offering dedicated channels for individual research projects. In recent years NRENs have developed many 'above the net' services. List of NRENs by geographic area East and Southern Africa * UbuntuNet Alliance for Research and Education Networking - the Alliance of NRENs of East and Southern Africa * Eb@le - DRC NREN * EthERNet - Ethiopian NREN * iRENALA - Malagasy NREN * KENET - Kenyan NREN * MAREN - Malawian NREN * MoRENet - Mozambican NREN * RENU - Ugandan NREN * RwEdNet - Rwanda NREN * SomaliREN - Somali NREN SudREN- Sudanese NREN * TENET/SANReN - South African NREN * TERNET - Tanzanian NREN * Xnet - Namibian NREN * ZAMREN - Zambian NREN North Africa ASREN- Arab States Research and Education Network * TU ...
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UbuntuNet Alliance For Research And Education Networking
:''UbuntuNet Alliance is not to be confused with Ubuntu Linux'' UbuntuNet Alliance for Research and Education Networking (also known as UbuntuNet Alliance) is the regional Research and Education Network of Eastern and Southern Africa. It was founded in the later half of 2005 by established and emerging NRENs in Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, Mozambique and South Africa with the vision of securing high speed connectivity, mainly optical fibre-based, for the research and education community - at affordable prices - that connect African NRENs to each other, to other NRENs worldwide and to the Internet generally. It was incorporated in 2006 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, in the Trade Registrar of the Chambers of Commerce and Industry as a non-for-profit association of National Research and Education Networks (NRENs). Today, the UbuntuNet Alliance community includes 13 NRENs in East and Southern Africa from Sudan, Ethiopia, all the way to South Africa, covering a huge land mass of the continen ...
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Eduroam
eduroam (''edu''cation ''roam''ing) is an international Wi-Fi internet access roaming service for users in research, higher education and further education. It provides researchers, teachers, and students network access when visiting an institution other than their own. Users are authenticated with credentials from their home institution, regardless of the location of the eduroam access point. Authorization to access the Internet and other resources are handled by the visited institution. Users do not have to pay to use eduroam. The service is provided at the local level by the participating institutions (universities, colleges, research institutes etc.). In some countries, Internet access via eduroam is also available at other locations than the participating institutions, e.g. in libraries, public buildings, railway stations, city centres and airports. In Belgium, Belnet uses the eduroam technology to provide a similar service to Belgian public administrations under the name ...
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ESnet
The Energy Sciences Network (ESnet) is a high-speed computer network serving United States Department of Energy (DOE) scientists and their collaborators worldwide. It is managed by staff at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. More than 40 DOE Office of Science labs and research sites are directly connected to this network. The ESnet network also connects research and commercial networks, allowing DOE researchers to collaborate with scientists around the world. Overview ThEnergy Sciences Network(ESnet) is the Office of Science’s network user facility, delivering data transport capabilities optimized for the requirements of large-scale science. In essence, ESnet is the circulatory system that enables the DOE science mission. ESnet is stewarded by the Scientific Computing Research Program, and managed and operated by the Scientific Networking Division at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. ESnet interconnects the DOE’s national laboratory system, dozens of other ...
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Internet2
Internet2 is a not-for-profit United States computer networking consortium led by members from the research and education communities, industry, and government. The Internet2 consortium administrative headquarters are located in Ann Arbor, Michigan, with offices in Washington, D.C. and Emeryville, California. As of November 2013, Internet2 has over 500 members including 251 institutions of higher education, 9 partners and 76 members from industry, over 100 research and education networks or connector organizations, and 67 affiliate members. Internet2 operates the Internet2 Network, an Internet Protocol network using optical fiber that delivers network services for research and education, and provides a secure network testing and research environment. In late 2007, Internet2 began operating its newest dynamic circuit network, the Internet2 DCN, an advanced technology that allows user-based allocation of data circuits over the fiber-optic network. The Internet2 Network, thr ...
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Dynamic Circuit Network
A dynamic circuit network (DCN) is an advanced computer networking technology that combines traditional packet-switched communication based on the Internet Protocol, as used in the Internet, with circuit-switched technologies that are characteristic of traditional telephone network systems. This combination allows user-initiated ad hoc dedicated allocation of network bandwidth for high-demand, real-time applications and network services, delivered over an optical fiber infrastructure. Implementation Dynamic circuit networks were pioneered by the Internet2 advanced networking consortium. The experimental Internet2 HOPI infrastructure, decommissioned in 2007, was a forerunner to the current SONET-based Ciena Network underlying the Internet2 DCN. The Internet2 DCN began operation in late 2007 as part of the larger Internet2 network. It provides advanced networking capabilities and resources to the scientific and research communities, such as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) project. ...
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Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea, and shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan to the east, and Egypt to the southwest. Israel also is bordered by the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip to the east and west, respectively. Tel Aviv is the economic and technological center of the country, while its seat of government is in its proclaimed capital of Jerusalem, although Israeli sovereignty over East Jerusalem is unrecognized internationally. The land held by present-day Israel witnessed some of the earliest human occupations outside Africa and was among the earliest known sites of agriculture. It was inhabited by the Canaanites ...
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