Gymnodiniaceae

	Gymnodiniaceae Gymnodiniaceae is a family of dinoflagellates belonging to the order Gymnodiniales. Genera As accepted by GBIF; * '' Akashiwo'' G.Hansen & Moestrup (1) * '' Algidasphaeridium'' Matsuoka & Bujak, 1988 (3) * ''Amphidinium'' (1) * '' Apicoporus'' (1) * '' Barrufeta'' (1) * '' Bernardinium'' (4) * '' Cochlodinium'' (28) * '' Filodinium'' (1) * ''Gymnodinium'' (308) * ''Gyrodinium'' (55) * '' Lebouridinium'' (1) * '' Lepidodinium'' (2) * '' Levanderina'' (1) * '' Nusuttodinium'' (5) * '' Pelagodinium'' (1) * '' Plectodinium'' (1) * '' Pseliodinium'' (1) * '' Schillingia'' (1) * '' Sclerodinium'' (2) * '' Spiniferodinium'' (2) * '' Togula'' (3) * ''Torodinium ''Torodinium'' (ˌtɔɹoʊˈdɪniəm) is a genus of unarmored dinoflagellates and comprises two species, ''Torodinium robustum'' and the type species ''Torodinium teredo''.Kofoid, C.A. and Swezy, O. 1921: The free-living unarmored dinoflagellate ...'' (2) The number in brackets is the assumed number of spe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Gymnodiniales The Gymnodiniales are an order of dinoflagellates, of the class Dinophyceae. Members of the order are known as gymnodinioid or gymnodinoid (terms that can also refer to any organism of similar morphology). They are athecate, or lacking an armored exterior, and as a result are relatively difficult to study because specimens are easily damaged. Many species are part of the marine plankton and are of interest primarily due to being found in algal blooms. As a group the gymnodinioids have been described as "likely one of the least known groups of the open ocean phytoplankton." Of the families in the order, the Polykrikaceae and Warnowiaceae are well known for possessing exceptionally complex assemblies of organelles, such as nematocysts, trichocysts, and pistons. The Warnowiaceae uniquely possess an ocelloid, an extremely complex light-sensitive subcellular structure composed of mitochondria and plastid The plastid (Greek: πλαστός; plastós: formed, molded – plural plastids ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Akashiwo ''Akashiwo sanguinea'' is a species of marine dinoflagellates well known for forming blooms that result in red tides. The organism is unarmored (naked). Therefore, it lacks a thick cellulose wall, the theca, common in other genera of dinoflagellates. Reproduction of the phytoplankton species is primarily asexual. Recently recognized as mixotrophic, ''A. sanguinea'' is capable of preying on various organisms. For example, ''A. sanguinea'' is found to be capable of ingesting the cyanobacterium ''Synechococcus'' sp. at values comparable to other heterotrophic phytoplankton. This suggests implications it may have on the grazing impact of ''Synechococcus''. Description Despite its lack of thecal plates, a prominent feature helpful in identifying armored flagellates, ''A. sanguinea'' is relatively large and easily recognizable. Like most dinoflagellates, one flagellum is complex, wrapping around the equator of the cell in a groove. The other flagellum extends out from the cell to help ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Amphidinium ''Amphidinium'' is a genus of dinoflagellates. The type for the genus is '' Amphidinium operculatum'' Claparède & Lachmann. The genus includes the species '' Amphidinium carterae'' which is used as a model organism. As dinoflagellates, ''Amphidinium'' spp. have chloroplasts. The ''Amphidinium'' chloroplast genome is unusual in not having a single contiguous circular genome. Instead, chloroplast genes encoded in chloroplast DNA are found on numerous 2-3 kbp minicircles, analogous to plasmids. Most minicircles have only a few protein-coding genes; many have just a single gene. There are reports of minicircles that do not have known transcripts, like in the ''Amphidinium carterae'' chloroplast genome, although these were not found in the ''Symbiodinium'' sp. Clade C3 chloroplast genome. Minicircle-derived transcripts can be processed in ways not typical of eukaryotes, including the addition of a 3' poly(U) tail, as opposed to the typical poly(A) tail derived from polyadenylation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Cochlodinium ''Cochlodinium'' is a genus of dinoflagellates belonging to the family Gymnodiniaceae. Species: '' Cochlodinium achromaticum'' '' Cochlodinium acutum'' '' Cochlodinium adriaticum'' ''Cochlodinium polykrikoides ''Cochlodinium polykrikoides'' (or ''Margalefidinium polykrikoides'') is a species of red tide producing marine dinoflagellates known for causing fish kills around the world, and well known for fish kills in marine waters of Southeast Asia. ''C. ...'' References {{Taxonbar, from=Q11085395 Gymnodiniales Dinoflagellate genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Gymnodinium ''Gymnodinium'' is a genus of dinoflagellates, a type of marine and freshwater plankton. It is one of the few naked dinoflagellates, or species lacking armor known as cellulosic plates. Since 2000, the species which had been considered to be part of ''Gymnodinium'' have been divided into several genera, based on the nature of the apical groove and partial LSU rDNA sequence data. Amphidinium was redefined later. Gymnodinium belong to red dinoflagellates that, in concentration, can cause red tides. The red tides produced by some Gymnodinium, such as Gymnodinium catenatum, are toxic and pose risks to marine and human life, including paralytic shellfish poisoning. Species * ''Amphidinium'' * ''Aureolum'' ''Gymnodinium'' sensu stricto ''Gyrodinium'' '' Akashiwo'' '' Karenia'' ''Karlodinium'' ''Katodinium'' '' Takayama'' Former species ''Torodinium'' (with ''Torodinium robustum'' and the type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Lepidodinium ''Lepidodinium'' is a genus of dinoflagellates belonging to the family Gymnodiniaceae Gymnodiniaceae is a family of dinoflagellates belonging to the order Gymnodiniales. Genera As accepted by GBIF; * '' Akashiwo'' G.Hansen & Moestrup (1) * '' Algidasphaeridium'' Matsuoka & Bujak, 1988 (3) * ''Amphidinium'' (1) * '' Apicoporus'' .... Species: '' Lepidodinium chlorophorum'' '' Lepidodinium viride'' References {{Taxonbar, from=Q25364669 Gymnodiniales Dinoflagellate genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Dinoflagellate The dinoflagellates (Greek δῖνος ''dinos'' "whirling" and Latin ''flagellum'' "whip, scourge") are a monophyletic group of single-celled eukaryotes constituting the phylum Dinoflagellata and are usually considered algae. Dinoflagellates are mostly marine plankton, but they also are common in freshwater habitats. Their populations vary with sea surface temperature, salinity, and depth. Many dinoflagellates are photosynthetic, but a large fraction of these are in fact mixotrophic, combining photosynthesis with ingestion of prey (phagotrophy and myzocytosis). In terms of number of species, dinoflagellates are one of the largest groups of marine eukaryotes, although substantially smaller than diatoms. Some species are endosymbionts of marine animals and play an important part in the biology of coral reefs. Other dinoflagellates are unpigmented predators on other protozoa, and a few forms are parasitic (for example, ''Oodinium'' and ''Pfiesteria''). Some dinoflagellates pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]