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Gundersen Method
The Gundersen method is a method in the Nordic combined developed by Gunder Gundersen, a Nordic combined athlete from Norway, that was first used in the 1980s. In it, the ski jumping portion comes first, and points in the ski jump determine when individuals start the cross-country skiing portion, which is a pursuit race, so that whoever crosses the finish line first wins the competition. The system is now also used in the modern pentathlon in which the start times of the final event (a cross-country run) are staggered so that the first to cross the finish line is the winner of the entire event. World Athletics announced on 7 December 2018 that the 2020 World Under-20 Athletics Championship will adopt the Gundersen method for the decathlon and heptathlon for the final event. Initially put in at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1985 and at the 1988 Winter Olympics, the event point-time differential has been adjusted at every Winter Olympics The Winter Olympic Games (fre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nordic Combined
Nordic combined is a winter sport in which athletes compete in cross-country skiing (sport), cross-country skiing and ski jumping. The Nordic combined at the Winter Olympics has been held since the first ever 1924 Winter Olympics, Winter Olympics in 1924, while the FIS Nordic Combined World Cup has been held since 1983. Many Nordic combined competitions use the Gundersen method, where placement in the ski jumping segment results in time (dis)advantages added to the contestant's total in the cross-country skiing segment (e.g. the ski jumping winner starts the cross-country skiing race at 00:00:00 while the one with the lowest jumping score starts with the longest time penalty). History The first major competition was held in 1892 in Oslo at the first Holmenkollen ski jump. Olav V of Norway, King Olav V of Norway was an able jumper and competed in the Holmenkollen Ski Festival in the 1920s. Nordic combined was in the 1924 Winter Olympics and has been on the program ever since. Un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Winter Olympics
The Winter Olympic Games (french: link=no, Jeux olympiques d'hiver) is a major international multi-sport event held once every four years for sports practiced on snow and ice. The first Winter Olympic Games, the 1924 Winter Olympics, were held in Chamonix, France. The modern Olympic Games were inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, which were held in Olympia, Greece, from the 8th century BC to the 4th century AD. Baron Pierre de Coubertin founded the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1894, leading to the first modern Summer Olympic Games in Athens, Greece in 1896. The IOC is the governing body of the Olympic Movement, with the Olympic Charter defining its structure and authority. The original five Winter Olympic Sports (consisting of nine disciplines) were bobsleigh, curling, ice hockey, Nordic skiing (consisting of the disciplines military patrol, cross-country skiing, Nordic combined, and ski jumping), and skating (consisting of the disciplines figure skating ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nordic Combined At The 2006 Winter Olympics
Nordic combined at the 2006 Winter Olympics, consisted of three events held over ten days, from 11 February to 21 February. The events took place in Pragelato Pragelato (also ''Pragelà''; Vivaro-Alpine: ''Prajalats'', French: Prajalats) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about west of Turin, in the upper Val Chisone. The name ''Pr .... Medal summary Medal table Events Participating NOCs Fifteen nations contributed nordic combinators to the events at Torino. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * References {{Nordic combined at the Winter Olympics 2006 in Nordic combined 2006 Winter Olympics events 2006 Nordic combined competitions in Italy Men's events at the 2006 Winter Olympics ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nordic Combined At The 2002 Winter Olympics
Nordic combined at the 2002 Winter Olympics, consisted of three events held over ten days, from 9 February to 22 February. The ski jumping part took place in Park City, Utah, Park City, while the cross-country part took place in Soldier Hollow. This was the first Winter Olympics to have two individual Nordic Combined events: the 7.5 km individual normal hill (sprint) and the 15 km individual large hill (individual). Medal summary Medal table Events Participating NOCs Fourteen nations participated in Nordic Combined at the Salt Lake Games. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * References External linksOfficial Results Book – Nordic combined {{DEFAULTSORT:Nordic Combined At The 2002 Winter Olympics Nordic combined at the 2002 Winter Olympics, 2002 Winter Olympics events Nordic combined at the Winter Olympics, 2002 2002 in Nordic combined Nordic combined competitions in the United States Men's events at the 2002 Winter Olympics ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nordic Combined At The 1998 Winter Olympics
Nordic combined at the 1998 Winter Olympics, consisted of two events, held from 13 February to 20 February. The ski jumping portion took place at Hakuba Ski Jumping Stadium, while the cross-country portion took place at Snow Harp. Medal summary Medal table The Norwegians led the medal table, sweeping the two gold medals. Russia's medal, from Valery Stolyarov was the first, and as of 2010, only medal for Russia in Nordic combined (three Soviet athletes have won Nordic combined medals, two of them from Russia). Events Participating NOCs Fourteen nations participated in Nordic combined at the Nagano Games. Slovenia made their Olympic Nordic combined debut. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * References {{DEFAULTSORT:Nordic Combined At The 1998 Winter Olympics 1998 Winter Olympics events 1998 1998 was designated as the ''International Year of the Ocean''. Events January * January 6 – The ''Lunar Prospector'' spacecraft is launched into orbit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nordic Combined At The 1994 Winter Olympics
Nordic combined at the 1994 Winter Olympics, consisted of two events, held from 18 February to 24 February. The ski jumping portion took place at Lysgårdsbakken, while the cross-country portion took place at Birkebeineren Ski Stadium. Medal summary Medal table The Norwegians led the medal table, winning one of each type of medal. Events Participating NOCs Sixteen nations participated in nordic combined at the Lillehammer Games. Belarus, the Czech Republic, Russia, Slovakia and Ukraine made their Olympic nordic combined debuts. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * References {{DEFAULTSORT:Nordic Combined At The 1994 Winter Olympics 1994 Winter Olympics events 1994 File:1994 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1994 Winter Olympics are held in Lillehammer, Norway; The Kaiser Permanente building after the 1994 Northridge earthquake; A model of the MS Estonia, which Sinking of the MS Estonia, sank in ... 1994 in Nordic combined Nordic co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nordic Combined At The 1992 Winter Olympics
The Nordic combined event at the 1992 Winter Olympics consisted of two athletic disciplines (ski jumping and cross-country skiing), held from 11 February to 17 February. The ski jumping portion and the 15 km cross-country portion of the Nordic Combined event were both held at Courchevel-le Praz. A temporary cross-country stadium was constructed in a field directly adjacent (east) to the Tremplin du Praz ski jump outrun. All other cross-country and Biathlon competitions were held at Les Saisies. Medal summary Medal table France and Japan, two nations that had never won a medal in Olympic Nordic combined, topped the medal table, each winning one gold, with the French adding a silver as well. Events Participating NOCs Twelve nations participated in Nordic combined at the Albertville Games. Estonia made their Olympic Nordic combined debut, and the Unified Team made their only appearance. * * * * * * * * * * * * References 1992 Winter Olympics ev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nordic Combined At The 1988 Winter Olympics
Nordic combined at the 1988 Winter Olympics consisted of two events, held from 23 February to 28 February. The ski jumping portion took place at Canada Olympic Park, while the cross-country portion took place at Canmore Nordic Centre. The Calgary Games saw two substantial changes in the Nordic combined program. A team event was added, marking the first time that more than one medal would be awarded in Nordic combined. The combined events also changed their format, replacing the points-based system used in previous years with the Gundersen method, in which ski jumping points totals were translated to time gaps for a pursuit cross-country race. This change ensured that the first competitor across the finish line in the cross-country race was the overall Olympic champion. Medal summary Medal table Switzerland topped the medal table with two, one gold. Austria's two medals were the country's first in the sport. Events Participating NOCs Thirteen nations participated in Nordi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1988 Winter Olympics
The 1988 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XV Olympic Winter Games (french: XVes Jeux olympiques d'hiver) and commonly known as Calgary 1988 ( bla, Mohkínsstsisi 1988; sto, Wîchîspa Oyade 1988 or ; cr, Otôskwanihk 1998/; srs, Guts’ists’i 1988; kut, ʔaknuqtapȼik’ 1988; den, Klincho-tinay-indihay 1988), was a multi-sport event held from February 13 to 28, 1988, in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. It was the first Winter Olympic Games to be held for 15 days, like the counterpart Summer Olympic Games. The majority of the contested events took place in Calgary itself. However, the skiing events were held west of the city at the Nakiska ski resort in Kananaskis Country and the Canmore Nordic Centre Provincial Park in the town of Canmore, Alberta, Canmore. In 1988, a record 57 National Olympic Committees (NOC) sent a total of 1,423 athletes to these Games. These Winter Olympics would be the last attended one for both the Soviet Union at the Olympics, Soviet Union and Eas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gunder Gundersen
Gunder Gundersen (12 September 1930 – 2 June 2005) was a Norwegian Nordic combined skier and sports official. He was born in Asker. Competitive career During his active career he won two individual FIS Nordic World Ski Championships medals (1954: silver, 1958: bronze) and the Holmenkollen ski festival three times (1952, 1959 (shared with Sverre Stenersen, and 1960). He finished eleventh in the Nordic combined event at the 1960 Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley. Gundersen received the Holmenkollen medal in 1959 and represented the club IF Frisk Asker. Post-retirement career Gundersen was the Technical Director of the Nordic combined individual event at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York. His most significant impact on Nordic combined was creating the "Gundersen method", in use since 1985. This method recalculated the ski jumping points into cross-country skiing Cross-country skiing is a form of skiing where skiers rely on their own locomotion to move across ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1985
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1985 took place January 16–27, 1985 in Seefeld, Austria (near Innsbruck). This was the fourth time the Innsbruck area hosted these championships, having done so in 1933, the 1964 Winter Olympics, and the 1976 Winter Olympics. Both the Gundersen method and freestyle skiing for the cross-country skiing portion of the event were introduced in both Nordic combined events (individual and 3 × 10 km relay). Men's cross-country 15 km January 22, 1985 30 km January 18, 1985 50 km January 27, 1985 4 × 10 km relay January 24, 1985 Women's cross-country 5 km January 21, 1985 10 km January 19, 1985 20 km January 26, 1985 4 × 5 km relay January 22, 1985 Men's Nordic combined 15 km Individual Gundersen January 18, 1985 3 × 10 km team January 25, 1985 Men's ski jumping Individual normal hill January 26, 1985 Individual large hill January 20, 1985 Team large hill January 22, 1985 Med ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Athletics
World Athletics, formerly known as the International Amateur Athletic Federation (from 1912 to 2001) and International Association of Athletics Federations (from 2001 to 2019, both abbreviated as the IAAF) is the international governing body for the sport of athletics, covering track and field, cross country running, road running, race walking, mountain running, and ultra running. Included in its charge are the standardization of rules and regulations for the sports, certification of athletic facilities, recognition and management of world records, and the organisation and sanctioning of athletics competitions, including the World Athletics Championships. The organisation's president is Sebastian Coe of the United Kingdom, who was elected in 2015 and re-elected unopposed in 2019 for a further four years. World Athletics suspended the Russian Athletics Federation (RusAF) from World Athletics starting in 2015, for eight years, due to doping violations, making it ineligible to hos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
