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Guix System Distribution
GNU Guix (; portmanteau of Guile and Nix) is a functional cross-platform package manager and a tool to instantiate and manage Unix-like operating systems, based on the Nix package manager. Configuration and package recipes are written in Guile Scheme. GNU Guix is the default package manager of the GNU Guix System distribution. Differing from traditional package managers, Guix (like Nix) utilizes a purely functional deployment model where software is installed into unique directories generated through cryptographic hashes. All dependencies for each software are included in the input of each hash. This solves the problem of dependency hell, allowing multiple versions of the same software to coexist which makes packages portable and reproducible. Performing scientific computations in a Guix setup has been proposed as a promising response to the replication crisis. The development of GNU Guix is intertwined with the GNU Guix System, an installable operating system distrib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GNU Guile
GNU Ubiquitous Intelligent Language for Extensions (GNU Guile) is the preferred extension language system for the GNU Project and features an implementation of the programming language Scheme. Its first version was released in 1993. In addition to large parts of Scheme standards, Guile Scheme includes modularized extensions for many different programming tasks. For extending programs, Guile offers ''libguile'' which allows the language to be embedded in other programs, and integrated closely through the C language application programming interface (API); similarly, new data types and subroutines defined through the C API can be made available as extensions to Guile. Guile is used in many programs under the GNU project umbrella ( GDB, Make, Guix, GNU TeXmacs, GnuCash, LilyPondLepton-EDA..) but it also sees use outside of that, for example iGoogle's schism Guile Scheme Guile Scheme is a general-purpose, high-level programming language whose flexibility allows expressing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Functional Language
In computer science, functional programming is a programming paradigm where programs are constructed by applying and composing functions. It is a declarative programming paradigm in which function definitions are trees of expressions that map values to other values, rather than a sequence of imperative statements which update the running state of the program. In functional programming, functions are treated as first-class citizens, meaning that they can be bound to names (including local identifiers), passed as arguments, and returned from other functions, just as any other data type can. This allows programs to be written in a declarative and composable style, where small functions are combined in a modular manner. Functional programming is sometimes treated as synonymous with purely functional programming, a subset of functional programming that treats all functions as deterministic mathematical functions, or pure functions. When a pure function is called with some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daemon (computing)
In computing, a daemon is a program that runs as a background process, rather than being under the direct control of an interactive user. Customary convention is to name a daemon process with the letter ''d'' as a suffix to indicate that it's a daemon. For example, is a daemon that implements system logging facility, and is a daemon that serves incoming SSH connections. Even though the concept can apply to many computing systems, the term ''daemon'' is used almost exclusively in the context of Unix-based systems. In other contexts, different terms are used for the same concept. Systems often start daemons at boot time that will respond to network requests, hardware activity, or other programs by performing some task. Daemons such as cron may also perform defined tasks at scheduled times. Terminology In the context of computing, the word is generally pronounced either as or . The term was coined by the programmers at MIT's Project MAC. According to Fernando J. Cor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Single Source Of Truth
In information science and information technology, single source of truth (SSOT) architecture, or single point of truth (SPOT) architecture, for information systems is the practice of structuring information models and associated data schemas such that every data element is mastered (or edited) in only one place, providing data normalization to a canonical form (for example, in database normalization or content transclusion). There are several scenarios with respect to copies and updates: * The master data is never copied and instead only references to it are made; this means that all reads and updates go directly to the SSOT. * The master data is copied but the copies are only read and only the master data is updated; if requests to read data are only made on copies, this is an instance of CQRS. *The master data is copied and the copies are updated; this needs a reconciliation mechanism when there are concurrent updates. **Updates on copies can be thrown out whenever a co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Don't Repeat Yourself
"Don't repeat yourself" (DRY) is a principle of software development aimed at reducing repetition of information which is likely to change, replacing it with abstractions that are less likely to change, or using data normalization which avoids redundancy in the first place. The DRY principle is stated as "Every piece of knowledge must have a single, unambiguous, authoritative representation within a system". The principle has been formulated by Andy Hunt and Dave Thomas in their book '' The Pragmatic Programmer''. They apply it quite broadly to include database schemas, test plans, the build system, even documentation. When the DRY principle is applied successfully, a modification of any single element of a system does not require a change in other logically unrelated elements. Additionally, elements that are logically related all change predictably and uniformly, and are thus kept in sync. Besides using methods and subroutines in their code, Thomas and Hunt rely on c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Docker (software)
Docker is a set of platform as a service (PaaS) products that use OS-level virtualization to deliver software in packages called ''containers''. The service has both free and premium tiers. The software that hosts the containers is called Docker Engine. It was first released in 2013 and is developed by Docker, Inc. Docker is a tool that is used to automate the deployment of applications in lightweight containers so that applications can work efficiently in different environments in isolation. Background Containers are isolated from one another and bundle their own software, libraries and configuration files; they can communicate with each other through well-defined channels. Because all of the containers share the services of a single operating system kernel, they use fewer resources than virtual machines. Operation Docker can package an application and its dependencies in a virtual container that can run on any Linux, Windows, or macOS computer. This enables the appli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Container (virtualization)
In software engineering, containerization is operating-system-level virtualization or application-level virtualization over multiple network resources so that software applications can run in isolated user spaces called ''containers'' in any cloud or non-cloud environment, regardless of type or vendor. The term "container" is overloaded, and it is important to ensure that the intended definition aligns with the audience's understanding. Usage Each ''container'' is basically a fully functional and portable cloud or non-cloud computing environment surrounding the application and keeping it independent of other environments running in parallel. Individually, each container simulates a different software application and runs isolated processes by bundling related configuration files, libraries and dependencies. But, collectively, multiple containers share a common operating system kernel (OS). In recent times, containerization technology has been widely adopted by cloud computing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parabola (operating System)
Parabola GNU/Linux-libre is a free and open-source Linux distribution based on Arch Linux and Arch Linux ARM for the x86-64, i686, and ARMv7 architectures. It is distinguished from other Arch-based distributions by offering only free software. It includes the GNU operating system components common to many Linux distributions and the Linux-libre kernel instead of the generic Linux kernel. Parabola is listed by the Free Software Foundation as a completely free operating system, true to their Free System Distribution Guidelines. Parabola uses a rolling release model like Arch, such that a regular system update is all that is needed to obtain the latest software. Development focuses on system simplicity, community involvement and use of the latest free software packages. History Parabola was originally proposed by members of the gNewSense IRC channel in 2009. Members of different Arch Linux communities, especially Spanish-speaking members, started the development and maintenanc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
