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Guerrilla Groups Of Iran
Several left-wing guerrilla groups attempting to overthrown the pro-Western regime of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi were notable and active in Iran from 1971 to 1979. The groups shared a commitment to armed struggle, but differed in ideology. Most were Marxist in orientation, but the largest group — People's Mujahedin of Iran — was founded as an Islamic socialist organization. The left-wing movement is meant to overthrow conservative or capitalist systems and replace them with Marxist–Leninist, socialist, or anarchist societies. While the guerrilla movement did not lead the revolution that overthrew the Pahlavi regime, four guerrilla organizations — the Feda'i, the pro-Tudeh Feda'i Munsh'eb, the Islamic Mujahedin and the Marxist Mujahedin — are said to have "delivered the regime its coup de grace," in the street fighting of February 9–11, 1979. Background According to Ervand Abrahamian, a scholar of the subject: In terms of political background, the guerrillas can be di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Left-wing Politics
Left-wing politics describes the range of Ideology#Political%20ideologies, political ideologies that support and seek to achieve social equality and egalitarianism, often in opposition to social hierarchy. Left-wing politics typically involve a concern for those in society whom its adherents perceive as disadvantaged relative to others as well as a belief that there are unjustified inequalities that need to be reduced or abolished. Left-wing politics are also associated with popular or state control of major political and economic institutions. According to emeritus professor of economics Barry Clark, left-wing supporters "claim that human development flourishes when individuals engage in cooperative, mutually respectful relations that can thrive only when excessive differences in status, power, and wealth are eliminated." Within the left–right political spectrum, ''Left'' and ''right-wing politics, Right'' were coined during the French Revolution, referring to the seat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Võ Nguyên Giáp
Võ Nguyên Giáp (; 25 August 1911 – 4 October 2013) was a Vietnamese general and communist politician who is regarded as having been one of the greatest military strategists of the 20th century. He served as interior minister in President Hồ Chí Minh's Việt Minh government, the military commander of the Việt Minh, the commander of the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN), minister of defence, and deputy prime minister. He also served as a member of the Politburo of the Vietnam Workers' Party, which in 1976 became the Communist Party of Vietnam. Giáp first rose to prominence during World War II, when he served as the military leader of the Viet Minh resistance against the Japanese occupation of Vietnam. He had no direct military training and was a history teacher at a French-speaking academy, influenced by historical military leaders and personally citing T. E. Lawrence and Napoleon as his two greatest influences. He later earned the moniker "Red Napoleon" from some Wester ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas
The Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas (IFPG; fa, چريکهای فدایی خلق ایران, čerikhā-ye Fadāʾi-e xalq-e Irān), also known as the Dehghani faction ( fa, جریان دهقانی) after its leader Ashraf Dehghani, is an Iranian communist organization that split from the Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas (OIFPG) in 1979, dropping the word "organization" from its name. Dehghani broke away from the OIFPG when she accused it of deviating from the strategy of guerrilla warfare. From the early days of Iranian Revolution, the group claimed to be the "sole genuine communist organization" and opposed the Islamic Republic. Reportedly, as much as 30% of OIFPG members joined the group and fought in the 1979 Kurdish rebellion against government forces, backing the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan. Surviving members of the group and its factions moved to Europe in the 1990s. Currently, IFPG publishes two publications "Payam Fadaei" and "19 Bahman" in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist Party Of Iran (Marxist–Leninist–Maoist)
The Communist Party of Iran (Marxist–Leninist–Maoist) ( fa, حزب کمونیست ایران (مارکسیست-لنینیست-مائوئیست)) is an Iranian communist party working for revolution to establish a new socialist republic in place of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The party takes as its political framework the new synthesis of communism, and is a descendant of the Maoist Sarbedaran. The party is continuation of Sarbedaran Movement and the Union of Iranian Communists (Sarbedaran) and was officially founded in 2001. CPI (MLM) believes that Iran is a 'semifeudal- semicolonial' country and is trying to launch 'People's war' in Iran. CPI (MLM) have published several books and publishes regular magazines such as ''Haghighat'' (حقیقت, Persian for 'Truth') and ''Jahani Baraye Fath'' (جهانی برای فتح, a Persian translation of the RIM publication "A world to win"). The party also participates in various demonstrations abroad. Revolutionary theory CPI ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organization Of Communist Revolutionaries (Marxist–Leninist)
Organization of Communist Revolutionaries (Marxist–Leninist) ( fa, (سازمان انقلابیون کمونیست (م-ل, Sāzmān-e enqelābīyūn-e komūnīst) was an Iranian Maoist organization. It was formed in opposition to the Shah regime in Iran. OCR(M-L) was founded in 1970 and it advocated against policies of Nikita Khrushchev, describing them as 'Khrushchevian Revisionism'. Instead it supported Mao Zedong and his strategy of People’s war and Cultural Revolution in China. They adopted program that claimed that the ideology of the working class was ' Marxism-Leninism-Mao Zedong Thought'. Later in 1976, OCR(M-L) merged with the ' Pooya Group', forming the Union of Iranian Communists (Sarbedaran). OCR(M-L) is regarded as an early part of the current Communist Party of Iran (Marxist-Leninist-Maoist) The Communist Party of Iran (CPI; fa, حزب کمونیست ایران) is an Iranian communist party founded on 2 September 1983. It has an armed wing and its me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Komala Party Of Iranian Kurdistan – Reunification Faction
The Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan – Reunification Faction ( ku, , Komełey Şorrişgêrrî Zehmetkêşanî Kurdistanî Êran – Rewtî Yêkgirtnewe) simply known as the Komala – Reunification Faction, was an armed communist and separatist ethnic party of Kurds in Iran, currently exiled in northern Iraq. It split from the Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan The Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan ( ku, , Komełey Şorrişgêrrî Zehmetkêşanî Kurdistanî Êran, lit=Society of Revolutionary Toilers of Iranian Kurdistan), commonly shortened to Komalah ( ku, Komełe; fa, کومله), is a social-de ... on 29 April 2008 over internal disagreements and is led by Abdulla Konaposhi. History See also References 2008 establishments in Iraq Banned communist parties Banned Kurdish parties Banned political parties in Iran Communism in Kurdistan Communist militant groups Communist parties in Iran Communist parties in Iraq Marxist parties in Iran Marxist part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Komala Of The Toilers Of Kurdistan
The Organization of the Toilers of Kurdistan ( ku, , fa, کومله زحمتکشان کردستان), also known as the Komala – Reform Faction, is an armed communist and separatist ethnic party of Kurds in Iran, currently exiled in northern Iraq. It split from the Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan The Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan ( ku, , Komełey Şorrişgêrrî Zehmetkêşanî Kurdistanî Êran, lit=Society of Revolutionary Toilers of Iranian Kurdistan), commonly shortened to Komalah ( ku, Komełe; fa, کومله), is a social-de ... in October 2007 over internal disagreements and is led by Omar Ilkhanizade. The group operates a television network named ASOsat. History See also References * 2007 establishments in Iraq Banned communist parties Banned Kurdish parties Banned political parties in Iran Communism in Kurdistan Communist militant groups Communist parties in Iran Communist parties in Iraq Marxist parties in Iran Marxist parties in Ir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Komalah (CPI)
The Komala Kurdistan's Organization of the Communist Party of Iran ( ku, ) is an Iranian Kurdish communist party active throughout the Iran–Iraq border. The party is led by Ibrahim Alizade and works as the Kurdish branch of Communist Party of Iran. In 2009, a group of the party's cadre who identified only as socialists, left the party and established Socialist Faction of Komala. Designation as a terrorist organization The following countries have listed Komola as a terrorist organization A number of national governments and two international organizations have created lists of organizations that they designate as terrorist. The following list of designated terrorist groups lists groups designated as terrorist by current and fo ...: See also References * 1984 establishments in Iran Banned Kurdish parties Banned communist parties Banned political parties in Iran Communism in Kurdistan Kurdish political parties in Iran Political parties established in 1984 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Komala Party Of Iranian Kurdistan
The Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan ( ku, , Komełey Şorrişgêrrî Zehmetkêşanî Kurdistanî Êran, lit=Society of Revolutionary Toilers of Iranian Kurdistan), commonly shortened to Komalah ( ku, Komełe; fa, کومله), is a social-democratic ethnic party of Kurds in Iran. Formerly with Marxist-Leninist and communist ties, the Komalah is a well established party with a history of more than five decades. The Komala party's headquarters are presently in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. They have an armed wing that has a history of leading the Kurdish resistance. The Komalah advocates for anti-imperialism and Kurdish self-determination. The group is classified as a terrorist organization by Iran and Japan. Since 2018, it is a registered lobby in the United States. Komala has been engaged in guerrilla warfare against the Iranian government, notably during the 1979 Kurdish rebellion and the Iran–Iraq War. It was also involved in armed conflict against the Democratic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurdistan Democratic Party (Iran)
The Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP; ku, حیزبی دێموکراتی کوردستان, translit=Hizba Dêmokrata Kurdistanê, abbreviated HDK; fa, حزب دموکرات کردستان) is an ethnic party of Kurds in Iran, which split from Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan (KDPI) in 2006 after a dispute over choosing its next leader in the latter's 13th convention. The KDPI and Iran’s Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP-Iran) have been engaged in several rounds of reunification talks over the years. On August 21, 2022, the two parties announced that they would finally reunite. The first time in 2016, Iranian agents had planted a bomb outside the party headquarters that killed and injured several members. The second time was in 2018 when the Iranian regime attacked the KDP-I party headquarters with ballistic missilier from Iran to Iraqi Kurdistan where the party headquarters is located. The party was made a full member of the Socialist International at its November 2015 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yann Richard
Yann is a French language, French male given name, specifically, the Breton language, Breton form of "Jean (male given name), Jean" (French for "John (given name), John"). Notable persons with the name Yann include: __NOTOC__ In arts and entertainment *Yann Martel (born 1963), Canadian author *Yann Moix (born 1968), French author, film director and television presenter *Yann Peifer (born 1974), German disc-jockey *Yann Queffélec (born 1949), French author *Yann Tiersen (born 1970), French musician *Yann Tomita (born 1952), Japanese musician In politics and activism *Yann Fouéré (1910–2011), French activist, Breton nationalist *Yann Goulet (1914–1999), French activist, Breton nationalist *Yann Wehrling (born 1971), French politician In sports *Yann Bodiger (born 1995), French footballer *Yann Boé-Kane (born 1991), French footballer *Yann Clairay (born 1983), French racing driver *Yann Cucherat (born 1979), French gymnast *Yann Danis (born 1981), Canadian ice hockey player ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caspian Sea
The Caspian Sea is the world's largest inland body of water, often described as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea. An endorheic basin, it lies between Europe and Asia; east of the Caucasus, west of the broad steppe of Central Asia, south of the fertile plains of Southern Russia in Eastern Europe, and north of the mountainous Iranian Plateau of Western Asia. It covers a surface area of (excluding the highly saline lagoon of Garabogazköl to its east) and a volume of . It has a salinity of approximately 1.2% (12 g/L), about a third of the salinity of average seawater. It is bounded by Kazakhstan to the northeast, Russia to the northwest, Azerbaijan to the southwest, Iran to the south, and Turkmenistan to the southeast. The sea stretches nearly from north to south, with an average width of . Its gross coverage is and the surface is about below sea level. Its main freshwater inflow, Europe's longest river, the Volga, enters at the shallow north end. Two deep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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