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Grunwaldzka Street In Bydgoszcz
Grunwaldzka street, laid in the 1850s, is an extended axis in Bydgoszcz, Poland. Many frontages on this street offer architectural interests: some of the buildings are registered on the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship Heritage List. Location The street runs on a west north-west axis, leading to Nakło nad Notecią (towards Piła and Szczecin). It connects Bydgoszcz downtown district to western city areas (i.e. Okole, Czyżkówko, Flisy, Osowa Góra). Polish national road Nr.80 runs along the street located north of Bydgoszcz Canal and Polish national road Nr.25 south of the canal. It is one of the longest and busiest axis of Bydgoszcz. History Grunwaldzka street is mentioned on an 1855 address book of Bromberg, but appears as early as 1827 as a path to Nakło nad Notecią. On an 1857 map, then on an 1876 city map the axis is mentioned as a ''Berliner Chaussee'' or ''Highway to Berlin''. At that time, it appears as an extension of the ''Berliner Straße'' (today's Swięte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Grunwald
The Battle of Grunwald, Battle of Žalgiris or First Battle of Tannenberg was fought on 15 July 1410 during the Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War. The alliance of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, led respectively by King Władysław II Jagiełło (Jogaila), who did not participate in the battle himself, and Grand Duke Vytautas, decisively defeated the German Teutonic Order, led by Grand Master Ulrich von Jungingen. Most of the Teutonic Order's leadership were killed or taken prisoner. Although defeated, the Teutonic Order withstood the subsequent siege of the Malbork Castle and suffered minimal territorial losses at the Peace of Thorn (1411), with other territorial disputes continuing until the Treaty of Melno in 1422. The order, however, never recovered their former power, and the financial burden of war reparations caused internal conflicts and an economic downturn in the lands controlled by them. The battle shifted the balance of pow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
WWII
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, mass ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mechanical School N°1, Bydgoszcz
, image = Bdg ZSMechnicznych 13 07-2013.jpg , image_size = 300px , image_alt = Building from Focha street , image_caption = View of the building from Focha Street , coordinates = , map_dot_label = , relief = , alternate_names = , building_type = , architectural_style = Eclecticism in architecture, Neo-Baroque , classification = Nr.601424, Reg. A/890, March 23, 1993zabytek, kujawsko-pomorskie, issued=1.03.2014 , address = 37 Świętej Trójcy Street , location_city = Bydgoszcz , location_country = Poland , current_tenants = Mechanical School , namesake = Franciszek Siemiradzki , groundbreaking_date = , start_date = 1910 , topped_out_date = , completion_date = 1911 , opened_date = , renovation_date = , closing_date = , client = Royal-Prussian School of Craft and Art Industry , owner ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franke Family In Bydgoszcz
The Franke family was an important Prussian family of Bydgoszcz, Bromberg, whose members were entrepreneurs, industrialists and businessmen from the 1820s to the eve of the World War I, First World War. Some of their edifices are still standing today in the city. Franke's family members Carl August Franke Carl August Franke arrived in Bydgoszcz, Bromberg in 1827 from Leszno, together with his wife Caroline Keymer. He established a distillery business, the ''C.A. Franke Spiritusraffinerie'' with a modest capital of 500 thalers. The workshop was located at ''Bruckenstraße 10'' (in today's Mostowa street). C.A. Franke died in 1853 in Bydgoszcz. Hermann Franke The son of Caroline and Carl, Hermann, was born on June 18, 1829, in Bydgoszcz. After the death of his father, the company passed into his hands. From that moment, the firm underwent a stable and dynamic development. In 1857, he had installed the first steam engine in the city with a 3 Horsepower, HP strength produced by Fri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modern Architecture
Modern architecture, or modernist architecture, was an architectural movement or architectural style based upon new and innovative technologies of construction, particularly the use of glass, steel, and reinforced concrete; the idea that form should follow function ( functionalism); an embrace of minimalism; and a rejection of ornament. It emerged in the first half of the 20th century and became dominant after World War II until the 1980s, when it was gradually replaced as the principal style for institutional and corporate buildings by postmodern architecture. Origins File:Crystal Palace.PNG, The Crystal Palace (1851) was one of the first buildings to have cast plate glass windows supported by a cast-iron frame File:Maison François Coignet 2.jpg, The first house built of reinforced concrete, designed by François Coignet (1853) in Saint-Denis near Paris File:Home Insurance Building.JPG, The Home Insurance Building in Chicago, by William Le Baron Jenney (1884) File:Const ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bydgoszcz Architects (1850-1970s)
Bydgoszcz ( , , ; german: Bromberg) is a city in northern Poland, straddling the meeting of the River Vistula with its left-bank tributary, the Brda. With a city population of 339,053 as of December 2021 and an urban agglomeration with more than 470,000 inhabitants, Bydgoszcz is the eighth-largest city in Poland. It is the seat of Bydgoszcz County and the co-capital, with Toruń, of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship. The city is part of the Bydgoszcz–Toruń metropolitan area, which totals over 850,000 inhabitants. Bydgoszcz is the seat of Casimir the Great University, University of Technology and Life Sciences and a conservatory, as well as the Medical College of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń. It also hosts the Pomeranian Philharmonic concert hall, the Opera Nova opera house, and Bydgoszcz Airport. Being between the Vistula and Oder (Odra in Polish) rivers, and by the Bydgoszcz Canal, the city is connected via the Noteć, Warta, Elbe and German canals with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nakielska Street In Bydgoszcz
Nakielska Street is an important street in Bydgoszcz, Poland. It starts from downtown settlements to the limits of the city towards Nakło nad Notecią. Location Nakielska street extends east-west, from Grunwaldzka roundabout and junction with Focha Street to the intersection with Łochowska street near the western border of Bydgoszcz. Its length is about 5.4 km. The street is one of the main thoroughfares leading to the center of Bydgoszcz, connecting the western neighborhoods of the city situated on the south side of Bydgoszcz Canal. History Nakielska Street is an old road connecting Bydgoszcz to Nakło nad Notecią on the west of the city. An early 19th century map of Bromberg shows a path roughly matching today's street, which runs through the several estates: Wilczak, Miedzyń and the "Prondy colony". The path then led through Łochowo, Gorzeń, a bridge on Bydgoszcz Canal's 9th lock to Nakło nad Notecią. As such, the side plots of the future Nakielska Street ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marshal Ferdinand Foch Street In Bydgoszcz
Marshal Ferdinand Foch Street or Focha Street is a main street of Bydgoszcz, in Downtown district ( pl, Śródmieście). Location Located in the center of Bydgoszcz, the street stretches east-west from the intersection with Gdańska Street to Grunwaldska roundabout. It is approximately long. To the west, it joins with Nakielska street in Bydgoszcz, and with Jagiellońska street to the east. Appellation The street bore the following names throughout history: * 1840 - 1920, Wilhelmstraße; * 1920 - 1931, Jagiellońska street; * 1932 - 1939, Marshal Ferdinand Foch - Marshal of France and Poland, commander in chief of Allied Forces in 1918. He signed in Compiègne the truce ending hostilities with the German Empire; * 1939 - 1945 - Hermann Göringstraße; * 1945 - 1949 - Marshal Foch; * 1950 - 1990 - Red Army; * 1990 - Kazimierz III Wielki; * From 1990 - Marshal Foch. History Focha street has been one of the key routes in Bydgoszcz, since the first half of the 19th century. Previo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ulrich Von Jungingen
Ulrich von Jungingen (1360 – 15 July 1410) was the 26th Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights, serving from 1407 to 1410. His policy of confrontation with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland would spark the Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War and lead to disaster for his Order, and his own death, at the Battle of Grunwald. Life A scion of the Swabian noble house of Jungingen, he was probably born at Hohenfels Castle near Stockach, as the ancestral seat at Jungingen had been devastated in 1311. Ulrich and his elder brother Konrad von Jungingen, as younger sons excluded from succession, took the vow of the Teutonic Knights and moved to the Order's State in Prussia. Ulrich resided in Schlochau (Człuchów) and was Komtur of Balga (1396–1404). His career profited from the patronage of his elder brother Konrad, who was elected Grand Master in 1393. After the Knights had expelled the Victual Brothers from Gotland in 1398, Ulrich distinguished himself in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teutonic Order
The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem, commonly known as the Teutonic Order, is a Catholic religious institution founded as a military society in Acre, Kingdom of Jerusalem. It was formed to aid Christians on their pilgrimages to the Holy Land and to establish hospitals. Its members have commonly been known as the Teutonic Knights, having a small voluntary and mercenary military membership, serving as a crusading military order for the protection of Christians in the Holy Land and the Baltics during the Middle Ages. Purely religious since 1810, the Teutonic Order still confers limited honorary knighthoods. The Bailiwick of Utrecht of the Teutonic Order, a Protestant chivalric order, is descended from the same medieval military order and also continues to award knighthoods and perform charitable work. Name The name of the Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem is in german: Orden der Brüder vom Deutschen Haus der He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania
The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a European state that existed from the 13th century to 1795, when the territory was partitioned among the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia, and the Habsburg Empire of Austria. The state was founded by Lithuanians, who were at the time a polytheistic nation born from several united Baltic tribes from Aukštaitija. The Grand Duchy expanded to include large portions of the former Kievan Rus' and other neighbouring states, including what is now Lithuania, Belarus and parts of Ukraine, Latvia, Poland, Russia and Moldova. At its greatest extent, in the 15th century, it was the largest state in Europe. It was a multi-ethnic and multiconfessional state, with great diversity in languages, religion, and cultural heritage. The consolidation of the Lithuanian lands began in the late 13th century. Mindaugas, the first ruler of the Grand Duchy, was crowned as Catholic King of Lithuania in 1253. The pagan state was targeted in a religious crusade by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crown Of The Kingdom Of Poland
The Crown of the Kingdom of Poland ( pl, Korona Królestwa Polskiego; Latin: ''Corona Regni Poloniae''), known also as the Polish Crown, is the common name for the historic Late Middle Ages territorial possessions of the King of Poland, including the Kingdom of Poland proper. The Polish Crown was at the helm of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1569 to 1795. Major political events The Kingdom of Poland has been traditionally dated back to c. 966, when Mieszko I and his pagan Slavic realm joined Christian Europe (Baptism of Poland), establishing the state of Poland, a process started by his Polan Piast dynasty ancestors. His oldest son and successor, Prince Bolesław I Chrobry, Duke of Poland, became the first crowned King of Poland in 1025. Union of Krewo The Union of Krewo was a set of prenuptial agreements made in the Kreva Castle on August 13, 1385. Once Jogaila confirmed the prenuptial agreements on August 14, 1385, Poland and Lithuania formed a personal uni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
