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Grottasöngr
''Grottasöngr'' (or ''Gróttasöngr''; Old Norse: 'The Mill's Songs', or 'Song of Grótti') is an Old Norse poem, sometimes counted among the poems of the ''Poetic Edda'' as it appears in manuscripts that are later than the '' Codex Regius''. The tradition is also preserved in one of the manuscripts of Snorri Sturluson's ''Prose Edda'' along with some explanation of its context. The myth has also survived independently in modified forms in northern European folklore. ''Gróttasöngr'' had social and political impact in Sweden during the 20th century as it was modernized in the form of ''Den nya Grottesången'' by Viktor Rydberg, which described conditions in factories using the mill of ''Grottasöngr'' as a literary backdrop. ''Poetic Edda'' Though not originally included in the '' Codex Regius'', ''Gróttasöngr'' is included in many later editions of the ''Poetic Edda''. ''Gróttasöngr'' is the work song of two young slave girls bought in Sweden by the Danish King Frodi (c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fjölnir
Fjölnir ( non, Fjǫlnir ) is a legendary king in Norse mythology said to have been the son of Freyr (Frey) and his consort Gerðr (Gertha). The name appears in a variety of forms, including Fiolnir, Fjölner, Fjolner, and Fjolne. He was claimed as the progenitor of the Swedish Yngling dynasty, reigning from Gamla Uppsala. According to the ''Grottasöngr'', Fjölnir lived from the 1st century BC to the early 1st century AD. Fjölnir was said to have drowned in a vat of mead while visiting Peace-Fróði, a similarly-legendary king of Zealand, the Danish island. Fjölnir was then succeeded by his son Sveigðir. Name The etymology of the Old Norse name ''Fjǫlnir'' is unclear. It could stem from the verb ''fela'' ('to hide'), with ''Fjǫlnir'' as 'the concealer f the mead of poetry">mead_of_poetry.html" ;"title="f the mead of poetry">f the mead of poetry, or it may have emerged as an abbreviation of ''fjǫlviðr'' ('the very wise'). A derivation from ''fjǫl'' ('crowd') has al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fróði
Fróði ( non, Frōði; ang, Frōda; Middle High German: ''Vruote'') is the name of a number of legendary Danish kings in various texts including ''Beowulf'', Snorri Sturluson's ''Prose Edda'' and his ''Ynglinga saga'', Saxo Grammaticus' ''Gesta Danorum'', and the ''Grottasöngr''. A Danish king by this name also appears as a minor character in the Middle High German epic ''Rabenschlacht''. The name is possibly an eponym for the god Freyr. *The Fróði of the ''Grottasöngr'' is said to be the father of Fridleif and the son of Skjöld in whose beer king Fjölnir drowned (according to ''Ynglinga saga''). Snorri Sturluson here and in the ''Skáldskaparmál'' make this Fróði the contemporary of emperor Augustus and comments on the peacefulness of his reign, referred to as Fróði's Peace, suggesting a relationship to the birth of Christ. Though Icelandic sources make this Fróði a very early Danish king, in ''Gesta Danorum'' (Book 5), Saxo puts him late in his series of rulers, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poetic Edda
The ''Poetic Edda'' is the modern name for an untitled collection of Old Norse anonymous narrative poems, which is distinct from the ''Prose Edda'' written by Snorri Sturluson. Several versions exist, all primarily of text from the Icelandic medieval manuscript known as the ''Codex Regius'', which contains 31 poems. The ''Codex Regius'' is arguably the most important extant source on Norse mythology and Germanic heroic legends. Since the early 19th century, it has had a powerful influence on Scandinavian literature, not only through its stories, but also through the visionary force and the dramatic quality of many of the poems. It has also been an inspiration for later innovations in poetic meter, particularly in Nordic languages, with its use of terse, stress-based metrical schemes that lack final rhymes, instead focusing on alliterative devices and strongly concentrated imagery. Poets who have acknowledged their debt to the ''Codex Regius'' include Vilhelm Ekelund, August Stri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Menia And Fenia
Menia (fl. c. 500) was the queen of the Thuringians by marriage and the earliest named ancestor of the Gausian dynasty of the Lombards. She became a legendary figure after her death, strongly associated with gold and wealth. Only one other person is known by the name Menia, from a 9th-century polyptych of the Abbey of Saint-Remi. In origin it is probably a Germanic name, signifying collar, ring or necklace, and by extension treasure.Wolfram Brandes, "Das Gold der Menia: Ein Beispiel transkulturellen Wissenstransfers", ''Millennium'' 2 (2005): 175–226, esp. 181ff. Menia's marriage is recorded only in the ''Historia Langobardorum codicis Gothani''. According to that source, she was the wife of King Pissa, usually identified as Bisinus, king of the Thuringians. The same source and the other Lombard chronicles make Bisinus the father of Raicunda, first wife of Wacho, king of the Lombards. She may have been the daughter of Menia. Frankish sources, such as Venantius Fortunatus, make ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Menja
Menia (fl. c. 500) was the queen of the Thuringians by marriage and the earliest named ancestor of the Gausian dynasty of the Lombards. She became a legendary figure after her death, strongly associated with gold and wealth. Only one other person is known by the name Menia, from a 9th-century Polyptych (document), polyptych of the Abbey of Saint-Remi. In origin it is probably a Germanic languages, Germanic name, signifying collar, ring or necklace, and by extension treasure.Wolfram Brandes, "Das Gold der Menia: Ein Beispiel transkulturellen Wissenstransfers", ''Millennium'' 2 (2005): 175–226, esp. 181ff. Menia's marriage is recorded only in the ''Historia Langobardorum codicis Gothani''. According to that source, she was the wife of King Pissa, usually identified as Bisinus, king of the Thuringians. The same source and the other Lombard chronicles make Bisinus the father of Raicunda, first wife of Wacho, king of the Lombards. She may have been the daughter of Menia. Franks, Fran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viktor Rydberg
Abraham Viktor Rydberg (; 18 December 182821 September 1895) was a Swedish writer and a member of the Swedish Academy, 1877–1895. "Primarily a classical idealist", Viktor Rydberg has been described as "Sweden's last Romantic" and by 1859 was "generally regarded in the first rank of Swedish novelists." Biography Viktor Rydberg was of humble parentage. One biographer notes that: "He had a hard struggle to satisfy the thirst for learning which was a leading passion of his life, but he finally attained distinction in several fields of scholarship." He was the son of a soldier turned prison guard, Johan Rydberg, and a midwife, Hedvig Düker. Viktor Rydberg had two brothers and three sisters. In 1834 his mother died during a cholera epidemic. Her death broke the spirit of his father, who yielded to hypochondria and alcoholism, contributing towards his loss of employment and the family's apartment, forcing authorities to board young Viktor out to a series of foster homes, one of w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fróði's Peace
Fróði's Peace (Old Norse: ) is a semi-legendary period of peace throughout Northern Europe that is referenced in Nordic mythology, skaldic poetry and historical accounts. Attestations Heimskringla In Snorri Sturluson's euhemeristic account of Ynglinga Saga, the god Freyr is portrayed as a king of Sweden and the progenitor of the Yngling dynasty. After building the Temple at Uppsala, Fróði's Peace began and the Swedes experienced good seasons which brought them wealth. They attributed this to Freyr and they worshipped him above all other gods. After the death of the euhemerised Freyr, the peace and good seasons continued and he was buried in a howe. The saga tells that the Swedes believed Fróði's Peace and the good seasons would be maintained as long as Freyr remained in Sweden, refusing to have his body burned and instead continuing to perform blóts to him so the good period would continue. Regarding this, Rudolf Simek states that "it has been realized for a long time th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caesar Augustus
Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian, was the first Roman emperor; he reigned from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. He is known for being the founder of the Roman Principate, which is the first phase of the Roman Empire, and Augustus is considered one of the greatest leaders in human history. The reign of Augustus initiated an imperial cult as well as an era associated with imperial peace, the ''Pax Romana'' or '' Pax Augusta''. The Roman world was largely free from large-scale conflict for more than two centuries despite continuous wars of imperial expansion on the empire's frontiers and the year-long civil war known as the "Year of the Four Emperors" over the imperial succession. Originally named Gaius Octavius, he was born into an old and wealthy equestrian branch of the plebeian ''gens'' Octavia. His maternal great-uncle Julius Caesar was assassinated in 44 BC, and Octavius was named in Caesar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jelling
Jelling is a railway town in Denmark with a population of 3,658 (1 January 2022), located in Jelling Parish, approximately 10 km northwest of Vejle. The town lies 105 metres above sea level. Location Jelling is located in Vejle municipality and Region of Southern Denmark. The town is mainly famous for the Jelling stones, national monuments. Until the Municipal Reform of 2007 on 1 January 2007, Jelling was the capital of Jelling municipality. Jelling was also the only town in the former Vejle County headquarters for a bank – Jelling Sparekasse, which had its headquarters in the town until 2007 when it merged with , headquartered in Grindsted. Jelling Sparekasse's slogan was: "If king Gorm was alive today ... we would probably be the country's National Bank." One source at least claims that Jelling was the capital of an ancient kingdom of Denmark that was known as Jellund. Infrastructure From Jelling it is 56 km to Herning and Silkeborg, 80 km to Aarhus an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mill Stone
Millstones or mill stones are stones used in gristmills, for grinding wheat or other grains. They are sometimes referred to as grindstones or grinding stones. Millstones come in pairs: a convex stationary base known as the ''bedstone'' and a concave ''runner stone'' that rotates. The movement of the runner on top of the bedstone creates a "scissoring" action that grinds grain trapped between the stones. Millstones are constructed so that their shape and configuration help to channel ground flour to the outer edges of the mechanism for collection. The runner stone is supported by a cross-shaped metal piece (millrind or rynd) fixed to a "mace head" topping the main shaft or spindle leading to the driving mechanism of the mill (wind, water (including tide) or other means). History The earliest evidence for stones used to grind food is found in northern Australia, at the Madjedbebe rock shelter in Arnhem Land, dating back around 60,000 years. Grinding stones or grindsto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Skjöldr
Skjöldr (Latinized as Skioldus, sometimes Anglicized as Skjold or Skiold) was among the first legendary Danish kings. He is mentioned in the ''Prose Edda'', in ''Ynglinga saga'', in ''Chronicon Lethrense'', in Sven Aggesen's history, in Arngrímur Jónsson's Latin abstract of the lost ''Skjöldunga saga'' and in Saxo Grammaticus' ''Gesta Danorum''. Under the name Scyld he also appears in the Old English poem ''Beowulf''. The various accounts have little in common. In the ''Skjöldunga saga'' and the ''Ynglinga saga'', Odin came from Asia (Scythia) and conquered Northern Europe. He gave Sweden to his son Yngvi and Denmark to his son Skjöldr. Since then the kings of Sweden were called Ynglings and those of Denmark Skjöldungs. Scyld Scefing is the legendary ancestor of the Danish royal lineage known as the Scyldings. He is the counterpart of the ''Skioldus'' or ''Skjöldr'' of Danish and Icelandic sources. He appears in the opening lines of ''Beowulf'', where he is referred to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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