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Grand Écuyer
The Grand Écuyer de France or Grand Squire of France or Grand Equerry of France was one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France and a member of the Maison du Roi ("King's Household") during the Ancien Régime. The name "écuyer", the French word for squire, is the origin for the French word "écurie" (stable) and the English word equerry. The position was roughly equivalent to the United Kingdom positions of Master of the Horse and the Crown Equerry. The position of Grand Écuyer was made an Officer of the Crown by Henri III for the benefit of his favorite Roger de Saint-Lary de Bellegarde. The Grand Écuyer was commonly referred to as "Monsieur le Grand". He was in charge of the royal stables, the transport of the king and his ceremonial entourage (heralds, men of arms, musicians, etc.). As well as the superintendence of the royal stables, he had that of the retinue of the sovereign, also the charge of the funds set aside for the religious functions of the court, corona ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Officers Of The Crown Of France
The Great Officers of the Crown of France (french: Grands officiers de la couronne de France) were the most important officers of state in the French royal court during the ''Ancien Régime'' and Bourbon Restoration. They were appointed by the King of France, with all but the Keeper of the Seals being appointments for life. These positions were not transmissible nor hereditary. During the time of the First French Empire, the equivalent officers were known as the Grand Dignitaries of the French Empire. The Great Officers of the Crown of France should not be confused with the similarly named Great Officers of the Royal Household of France ({{lang, fr, Grands officiers de la maison du roi de France), which share certain officers, headed by the Grand Master of France. History In 1224, Louis VIII legislated that the Great Officers participate, alongside the peers of France, in trials of members of the peers. The military titles, such as Marshal of France, Grand Master of Artiller ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Revolution
The French Revolution ( ) was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in November 1799. Many of its ideas are considered fundamental principles of liberal democracy, while phrases like ''liberté, égalité, fraternité'' reappeared in other revolts, such as the 1917 Russian Revolution, and inspired campaigns for the abolition of slavery and universal suffrage. The values and institutions it created dominate French politics to this day. Its causes are generally agreed to be a combination of social, political and economic factors, which the ''Ancien Régime'' proved unable to manage. In May 1789, widespread social distress led to the convocation of the Estates General, which was converted into a National Assembly in June. Continuing unrest culminated in the Storming of the Bastille on 14 July, which led to a series of radical measures by the Assembly, i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Equerry
An equerry (; from French ' stable', and related to 'squire') is an officer of honour. Historically, it was a senior attendant with responsibilities for the horses of a person of rank. In contemporary use, it is a personal attendant, usually upon a sovereign, a member of a royal family, or a national representative. The role is equivalent to an aide-de-camp, but the term is now prevalent only in the Commonwealth of Nations. Australia Australian equerries are commissioned officers in the Australian Defence Force, appointed on an ''ad hoc'' basis to the King of Australia, Governor General, state governors or to visiting foreign heads of state. Canada Canadian equerries are drawn from the commissioned officers of the Canadian Armed Forces, and are most frequently appointed to serve visiting members of the Canadian Royal Family. The equerry appointed for the King of Canada is a senior officer, typically a major or a lieutenant-commander, while the equerry appointed for a child ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armand-Augustin-Louis De Caulaincourt
Armand-Augustin-Louis de Caulaincourt, Duke of Vicenza (, 9 December 177319 February 1827), was a French military officer, diplomat and close advisor to Napoleon I. Early life and family Armand de Caulaincourt was born into a noble family in the village of Caulaincourt, in the province of Picardy, northern France, on 9 December 1773. He was the eldest son of Louis-Gabriel de Caulaincourt (1740-1808) and Anne-Joséphine de Barandier de la Chaussé d'Eu (1751-1830), married in 1770. His father served in the French Army through the ''ancien régime'' and into the Republic, being made Count of the Empire by Napoleon shortly before his death in 1808. His grandfather, Marc-Louis de Caulaincourt, fought in the Third Silesian War and the Seven Years' War, reaching the rank of maréchal de camp. Military career Coulaincourt began his military service on 13 January 1788, at the age of 14, when he joined the Royal Foreign Cavalry Regiment (''Régiment Royal Étranger Cavalerie'') stationed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First French Empire
The First French Empire, officially the French Republic, then the French Empire (; Latin: ) after 1809, also known as Napoleonic France, was the empire ruled by Napoleon Bonaparte, who established French hegemony over much of continental Europe at the beginning of the 19th century. It lasted from 18 May 1804 to 11 April 1814 and again briefly from 20 March 1815 to 7 July 1815. Although France had already established a colonial empire overseas since the early 17th century, the French state had remained a kingdom under the Bourbons and a republic after the French Revolution. Historians refer to Napoleon's regime as the ''First Empire'' to distinguish it from the restorationist ''Second Empire'' (1852–1870) ruled by his nephew Napoleon III. The First French Empire is considered by some to be a " Republican empire." On 18 May 1804, Napoleon was granted the title Emperor of the French (', ) by the French and was crowned on 2 December 1804, signifying the end of the French ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Eugène De Lorraine, Prince Of Lambesc
Charles Eugène of Lorraine (25 September 1751 – 2 November 1825) was the head of and last male member of the House of Guise, the cadet branch of the House of Lorraine which dominated France during the Wars of Religion, remained prominent as '' princes étrangers'' at court throughout the ''ancien régime'', and participated in the ''émigré'' efforts to restore the Bourbons to the throne. He was an officer in the French and Habsburg militaries during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic wars. Biography Born on 25 September 1751 in Versailles, France, to Louis, Prince of Brionne and his third wife, Princess Louise of Rohan (1734-1815). Charles Eugène was a peer of France and Prince of Lorraine, styled as the ''Prince of Lambesc''. One of four children, he had a younger brother and two younger sisters. Through his sister, Princess Joséphine of Lorraine, he was an uncle of Charles Emmanuel, Prince of Carignano and great uncle of the future King Charles Albert of Sardinia. F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Charles De Lorraine, Count Of Brionne
Louis of Lorraine (Louis Charles; 10 September 1725 – 28 June 1761) was a member of the House of Guise, a cadet branch of the House of Lorraine. He married three times and through his daughter, is an ancestor of the present House of Savoy. He was the Grand Squire of France and Governor of Anjou. Early life He was born as the fourth child and the first son of Louis de Lorraine, Prince of Lambesc and his wife, Jeanne Henriette Marguerite de Durfort (1691-1750), granddaughter of Jacques Henri de Durfort. Military career In December 1743, he was created the Grand Squire of France, a post which had been occupied by his distant cousin Charles de Lorraine. The post was one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France and a member of the King's Household. The position was roughly equivalent to the United Kingdom positions of Master of the Horse and the Crown Equerry. Louis XV made him a Brigadier of the King's Armies in April 1745 and a knight of the Order of the Holy Spirit, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles De Lorraine, Count Of Armagnac
Charles de Lorraine (22 February 1684 – 29 December 1751) was a member of the House of Guise, a cadet branch of the House of Lorraine. Succeeding his father as the Count of Armagnac, he also succeeded as Count of Brionne as well as the Grand Squire of France. Biography Born to Louis de Lorraine, Count d'Armagnac, and his wife Catherine de Neufville, he was the couple's last child. His father Louis, was the ''Grand Squire of France'', one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France and a member of the King's Household. The position was roughly equivalent to the United Kingdom positions of Master of the Horse and the Crown Equerry. This entitled his father to be addressed as ''Monsieur le Grand'', a style which Charles would later use, after succeeding his father in his posts (at Charles' death, it was given to Louis' grandson, the Prince de Lambesc). Charles' mother was Catherine de Neufville, youngest child of Nicolas de Neufville, Maréchal de Villeroy, governor of the y ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henri, Count Of Brionne
Henri de Lorraine (15 November 1661 – 3 April 1713) was the Count de Brionne. He was a member of a cadet branch of the House of Guise and the Grand Squire of France. Biography Born to Louis de Lorraine, Count of Armagnac, and his wife Catherine de Neufville, he was the couple's first child. His father Louis, was the ''Grand Squire of France'', one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France. The position was roughly equivalent to the United Kingdom positions of Master of the Horse and the Crown Equerry. At Louis' death, the post, as well as style of ''Monsieur le Grand'' was taken by Henri's youngest brother, Charles of Lorraine, Count of Armagnac (at Charles' death, it was given to Henri's son, the Prince of Lambesc). Henri's mother was Catherine de Neufville, youngest child of the '' Maréchal de Villeroy'', governor of the young Louis XIV. Henri's first cousin was François de Neufville, Duke de Villeroy and the future governor of Louis XV. On 23 December 1689, Henri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis, Count Of Armagnac
Louis of Lorraine (7 December 1641 – 13 June 1718) was the Count of Armagnac from his father's death in 1666. The ''Grand Squire of France'', he was a member of a cadet branch of the House of Guise, itself a cadet branch of the sovereign House of Lorraine. His descendants include Albert II, Prince of Monaco, Umberto II of Italy, and Diana Álvares Pereira de Melo, 11th Duchess of Cadaval. Biography ''Louis de Lorraine'' was born in Paris to Henri de Lorraine, Count of Armagnac and his wife Marguerite Philippe du Cambout. His younger brother, Philippe, chevalier de Lorraine, was infamously the lover of '' Monsieur'', i.e., Philippe I, Duke of Orléans, younger brother of Louis XIV. He, like his father before him, was the ''Grand Squire of France'', one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France and a member of the King's Household. At Louis' death, the post, as well as style of ''Monsieur le Grand'' was taken by his son Charles, Count of Armagnac (at Charles' death, it wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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