|
Graciana Xarra
Graciana Xarra (died in Logrono, Spain, 1 November 1610) was a Spanish alleged witch. She was one of the people charged with sorcery in the Basque witch trials (1609-1614), and one of only six of 7.000 accused to be executed. She was from Urdax in Navarre. She was the widow of the shepherd Martin de Borda, and worked as the director of the local pilgrims' hospital. She was arrested by the inquisitor Valle Alvarado in 1609. She was charged with witchcraft and participation in the witches' sabbath in Zugarramurdi. She was investigated by the Spanish Inquisition in Logroño. Of about 7.000 people accused in the Basque witch trials, only six were ultimately executed. They were condemned to be executed by the Inquisition because they had repeatedly refused to confess, regret and ask for mercy, despite having been accused for a number of sorcery acts by several different people.Gustav Henningsen: The Salazar Documents: Inquisitor Alonso de Salazar Frías and Others on the' p. 138 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basque Witch Trials
The Basque Witch Trials of the seventeenth century represent the last attempt at rooting out supposed witchcraft from Navarre by the Spanish Inquisition, after a series of episodes erupted during the sixteenth century following the end of military operations in the conquest of Iberian Navarre, until 1524. The trial of the Basque witches began in January 1609 at Logroño, near Navarre, bordering Basque territory. It was influenced by similar persecutions conducted by Pierre de Lancre in the bordering Labourd, French Basque Country. Although the number of people executed was small in comparison to other similar persecutions in Europe, it is considered the biggest single event of its kind in terms of the number of people investigated: by the end of the phenomena, some 7,000 cases had been examined by the Inquisition. Process Logroño, though not a Basque city, was the setting for an Inquisition tribunal responsible for the Kingdom of Navarre, and for the provinces of A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Domingo De Subildegui
Domingo de Subildegui (died in Logrono, Spain, 1 November 1610) was a Spanish alleged witch. He was one of the people charged with sorcery in the Basque witch trials (1609–1614), and one of only six people executed of 7,000 who were accused. He came from Ezpeleta (Lapurdi) in Navarre. He was arrested by the inquisitor Valle Alvarado in 1609. He was charged with witchcraft and participation in the witches' sabbath in Zugarramurdi. He was investigated by the Spanish Inquisition in Logroño. Of about 7,000 people accused in the Basque witch trials, only six were ultimately executed: Domingo de Subildegui, María de Echachute, Graciana Xarra, Maria Baztan de Borda, Maria de Arburu Maria de Arburu (died in Logrono, Spain, 1 November 1610) was a Spanish alleged witch. She was one of the people charged with sorcery in the Basque witch trials The Basque Witch Trials of the seventeenth century represent the last attempt at ... and Petri de Joangorena. They were condemned to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
María De Echachute
María de Echachute (died in Logrono 1 November 1610), was one of the victims of the Basque witch trials, and one of six people executed by over hundreds of accused. She was from Ezpeleta (Lapurdi) in Navarre. She was arrested by the inquisitor Valle Alvarado in 1609. She was accused of having attended the famous Witches Sabbath in Zugarramurdi. She was brought to Logroño and investigated for witchcraft by the Spanish Inquisition. She repeatedly denied the accusations against her and refused to confess. The goal of the Inquisition was not to execute people but to make them confess, regret and denounce their actions, after which they were normally pardoned. This procedure was however not possible when the accused refused to confess guilty, and this refusal was the reason to why she sentenced to death. She, and five other of the accused who refused to confess guilty, were all sentenced to be burned alive at the stake for witchcraft: Domingo de Subildegui, María de Echachute, G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Baztan De Borda
Maria Baztan de Borda (died in Logrono, Spain, 1 November 1610) was a Spanish alleged witch. She was one of the people charged with sorcery in the Basque witch trials (1609-1614), and one of only six of 7.000 accused to be executed. She was the widow of the farmer Martin de Arburu. She was arrested by the inquisitor Valle Alvarado in 1609. She was charged with witchcraft and participation in the witches' sabbath in Zugarramurdi. She was investigated by the Spanish Inquisition in Logroño. Of about 7.000 people accused in the Basque witch trials, only six were ultimately executed: Domingo de Subildegui, María de Echachute, Graciana Xarra, Maria Baztan de Borda, Maria de Arburu Maria de Arburu (died in Logrono, Spain, 1 November 1610) was a Spanish alleged witch. She was one of the people charged with sorcery in the Basque witch trials The Basque Witch Trials of the seventeenth century represent the last attempt at ... and Petri de Joangorena. They were condemned to be e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria De Arburu
Maria de Arburu (died in Logrono, Spain, 1 November 1610) was a Spanish alleged witch. She was one of the people charged with sorcery in the Basque witch trials The Basque Witch Trials of the seventeenth century represent the last attempt at rooting out supposed witchcraft from Navarre by the Spanish Inquisition, after a series of episodes erupted during the sixteenth century following the end of milita ... (1609-1614), and one of only six people executed of 7,000 who were accused. She was the widow of the milner Juanes de Martinena. She was arrested by the inquisitor Valle Alvarado in 1609. She was charged with witchcraft and participation in the witches' sabbath in Zugarramurdi. She was investigated by the Spanish Inquisition in Logroño. Of about 7,000 people accused in the Basque witch trials, only six were ultimately executed: Domingo de Subildegui, María de Echachute, Graciana Xarra, Maria Baztan de Borda, Maria de Arburu and Petri de Joangorena. They were condem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petri De Joangorena
Petri de Joangorena (died in Logrono, Spain, 1 November 1610) was a Spanish alleged witch. He was one of the people charged with sorcery in the Basque witch trials (1609-1614), and one of only six people executed of 7,000 who were accused. He came from Ezpeleta (Lapurdi) in Navarre. He was arrested by the inquisitor Valle Alvarado in 1609. He was charged with witchcraft and participation in the witches' sabbath in Zugarramurdi. He was investigated by the Spanish Inquisition in Logroño. Of about 7,000 people accused in the Basque witch trials, only six were ultimately executed: Domingo de Subildegui, María de Echachute, Graciana Xarra, Maria Baztan de Borda, Maria de Arburu Maria de Arburu (died in Logrono, Spain, 1 November 1610) was a Spanish alleged witch. She was one of the people charged with sorcery in the Basque witch trials The Basque Witch Trials of the seventeenth century represent the last attempt at ... and Petri de Joangorena. They were condemned to be exec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
17th-century Spanish People
The 17th century lasted from January 1, 1601 ( MDCI), to December 31, 1700 ( MDCC). It falls into the early modern period of Europe and in that continent (whose impact on the world was increasing) was characterized by the Baroque cultural movement, the latter part of the Spanish Golden Age, the Dutch Golden Age, the French ''Grand Siècle'' dominated by Louis XIV, the Scientific Revolution, the world's first public company and megacorporation known as the Dutch East India Company, and according to some historians, the General Crisis. From the mid-17th century, European politics were increasingly dominated by the Kingdom of France of Louis XIV, where royal power was solidified domestically in the civil war of the Fronde. The semi-feudal territorial French nobility was weakened and subjugated to the power of an absolute monarchy through the reinvention of the Palace of Versailles from a hunting lodge to a gilded prison, in which a greatly expanded royal court could be more easily k ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
17th-century Spanish Women
The 17th century lasted from January 1, 1601 ( MDCI), to December 31, 1700 ( MDCC). It falls into the early modern period of Europe and in that continent (whose impact on the world was increasing) was characterized by the Baroque cultural movement, the latter part of the Spanish Golden Age, the Dutch Golden Age, the French ''Grand Siècle'' dominated by Louis XIV, the Scientific Revolution, the world's first public company and megacorporation known as the Dutch East India Company, and according to some historians, the General Crisis. From the mid-17th century, European politics were increasingly dominated by the Kingdom of France of Louis XIV, where royal power was solidified domestically in the civil war of the Fronde. The semi-feudal territorial French nobility was weakened and subjugated to the power of an absolute monarchy through the reinvention of the Palace of Versailles from a hunting lodge to a gilded prison, in which a greatly expanded royal court could be more ea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People Executed For Witchcraft
A person ( : people) is a being that has certain capacities or attributes such as reason, morality, consciousness or self-consciousness, and being a part of a culturally established form of social relations such as kinship, ownership of property, or legal responsibility. The defining features of personhood and, consequently, what makes a person count as a person, differ widely among cultures and contexts. In addition to the question of personhood, of what makes a being count as a person to begin with, there are further questions about personal identity and self: both about what makes any particular person that particular person instead of another, and about what makes a person at one time the same person as they were or will be at another time despite any intervening changes. The plural form "people" is often used to refer to an entire nation or ethnic group (as in "a people"), and this was the original meaning of the word; it subsequently acquired its use as a plural form of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Witch Trials In Spain
The Witch trials in Spain were few in comparison with most of Europe. The Spanish Inquisition preferred to focus on the crime of heresy and, consequently, did not consider the persecution of witchcraft a priority and in fact discouraged it rather than have it conducted by the secular courts. This was similar to the Witch trials in Portugal and, with a few exceptions, mainly successful. However, while the Inquisition discouraged witch trials in Spain proper, it did encourage the particularly severe Witch trials in the Spanish Netherlands. History The Spanish Reconquista was followed by the Spanish Inquisition, who focused on attaining religious conformity by persecutions of the Jews and the Muslim Moors, which was considered a top priority by the church. Persecution of witchcraft was therefore not regarded with much interest in Spain. The ''Malleus Maleficarum'' (1486) was in fact published in the middle of the reconquista. By the early 16th-century, nevertheless, the witchcraft i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1610 Deaths
Year 161 ( CLXI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Caesar and Aurelius (or, less frequently, year 914 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 161 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * March 7 – Emperor Antoninus Pius dies, and is succeeded by Marcus Aurelius, who shares imperial power with Lucius Verus, although Marcus retains the title Pontifex Maximus. * Marcus Aurelius, a Spaniard like Trajan and Hadrian, is a stoical disciple of Epictetus, and an energetic man of action. He pursues the policy of his predecessor and maintains good relations with the Senate. As a legislator, he endeavors to create new principles of morality and humanity, particularly favoring women and slaves. * Aurelius reduce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
_1938.jpg "Click for more on -> People Executed For Witchcraft")