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GraalVM
GraalVM is a Java Development Kit (JDK) written in Java. The open-source distribution of GraalVM is based on OpenJDK, and the enterprise distribution is based on Oracle JDK. As well as just-in-time (JIT) compilation, GraalVM can compile a Java application ahead of time. This allows for faster initialization, greater runtime performance, and decreased resource consumption, but the resulting executable can only run on the platform it was compiled for. It provides additional programming languages and execution modes. The first production-ready release, GraalVM 19.0, was distributed in May 2019. The most recent release is GraalVM for JDK 23, made available in September 2024. Major differentiators of GraalVM compared to the base JDK include: * ''Graal Compiler'', a just-in-time (JIT) compiler. * ''GraalVM Native Image is'' a technology to compile Java applications ahead of time. * ''Truffle Language Implementation Framework'' and ''GraalVM SDK,'' a Java-based framework and a colle ...
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Quarkus
Quarkus is a Java framework tailored for deployment on Kubernetes. Key technology components surrounding it are OpenJDK HotSpot and GraalVM. Quarkus aims to make Java a leading platform in Kubernetes and serverless environments while offering developers a unified reactive and imperative programming model to address a wider range of distributed application architectures optimally. Version history Quarkus offers quick scale-up and high-density use in container orchestration platforms such as Kubernetes. Many more application instances can be run given the same hardware resources. After its initial debut, Quarkus underwent several enhancements over the next few months, culminating in a 1.0.0 release within the open-source community in November 2019. Distributions GraalVM Community Edition (CE) and GraalVM Enterprise Edition (EE) GraalVM is a Java Virtual Machine for compiling and running applications written in different languages to a native machine binary. GraalVM Com ...
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OpenJDK
OpenJDK (Open Java Development Kit) is a free and open-source implementation of the Java Platform, Standard Edition (Java SE). It is the result of an effort Sun Microsystems began in 2006, four years before the company was acquired by Oracle Corporation. The implementation is licensed under the GNU General Public License 2 with a linking exception, preventing components that linked to the Java Class Library becoming subject to the terms of the GPL license. OpenJDK is the official reference implementation of Java SE since version 7, and is the most popular distribution of the JDK. History Sun's promise and initial release Sun announced in JavaOne 2006 that Java would become open-source software, and on October 25, 2006, at the Oracle OpenWorld conference, Jonathan Schwartz said that the company intended to announce the open-sourcing of the core Java Platform within 30 to 60 days. Sun released the Java HotSpot virtual machine and compiler as free software under the GNU Gen ...
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Java Version History
The Java language has undergone several changes since JDK 1.0 as well as numerous additions of classes and packages to the standard library. Since J2SE 1.4, the evolution of the Java language has been governed by the Java Community Process (JCP), which uses ''Java Specification Requests'' (JSRs) to propose and specify additions and changes to the Java platform. The language is specified by the ''Java Language Specification'' (JLS); changes to the JLS are managed undeJSR 901 In September 2017, Mark Reinhold, chief Architect of the Java Platform, proposed to change the release train to "one feature release every six months" rather than the then-current two-year schedule. This proposal took effect for all following versions, and is still the current release schedule. In addition to the language changes, other changes have been made to the Java Class Library over the years, which has grown from a few hundred classes in JDK 1.0 to over three thousand in J2SE&nbs ...
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Java (programming Language)
Java is a High-level programming language, high-level, General-purpose programming language, general-purpose, Memory safety, memory-safe, object-oriented programming, object-oriented programming language. It is intended to let programmers ''write once, run anywhere'' (Write once, run anywhere, WORA), meaning that compiler, compiled Java code can run on all platforms that support Java without the need to recompile. Java applications are typically compiled to Java bytecode, bytecode that can run on any Java virtual machine (JVM) regardless of the underlying computer architecture. The syntax (programming languages), syntax of Java is similar to C (programming language), C and C++, but has fewer low-level programming language, low-level facilities than either of them. The Java runtime provides dynamic capabilities (such as Reflective programming, reflection and runtime code modification) that are typically not available in traditional compiled languages. Java gained popularity sh ...
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Maxine Virtual Machine
The Maxine virtual machine is an open source virtual machine that is developed at the University of Manchester. It was formerly developed by Sun Microsystems Laboratories, since renamed Oracle Labs. The emphasis in Maxine's software architecture is on modular design and code reuse for flexibility, configurability, and productivity for industrial and academic virtual machine researchers. It is one of a growing number of Java virtual machines written entirely in Java in a meta-circular style. Examples include Squawk and Jikes RVM. Architecture The Maxine VM is characterized internally by aggressive use of advanced language features in Java 1.5 and 1.6, by modular subsystems coordinated through Java interfaces, by the absence of an interpreter, and by a tightly coupled debugger and visualization tool for VM development. Compatibility Maxine is plug compatible with an unmodified Java Development Kit (JDK). Maxine can be developed, built, and run in standard Java integrated develop ...
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Meta-circular Evaluator
In computing, a meta-circular evaluator (MCE) or meta-circular interpreter (MCI) is an interpreter which defines each feature of the interpreted language using a similar facility of the interpreter's host language. For example, interpreting a lambda application may be implemented using function application. Meta-circular evaluation is most prominent in the context of Lisp. A self-interpreter is a meta-circular interpreter where the interpreted language is nearly identical to the host language; the two terms are often used synonymously. History The dissertation of Corrado Böhm describes the design of a self-hosting compiler. Due to the difficulty of compiling higher-order functions, many languages were instead defined via interpreters, most prominently Lisp. The term itself was coined by John C. Reynolds, and popularized through its use in the book '' Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs''. Self-interpreters A self-interpreter is a meta-circular interpreter whe ...
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Spring Framework
The Spring Framework is an application framework and inversion of control container for the Java platform. The framework's core features can be used by any Java application, but there are extensions for building web applications on top of the Java EE (Enterprise Edition) platform. The framework does not impose any specific programming model.. The framework has become popular in the Java community as an addition to the Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) model. The Spring Framework is free and open source software. Version history The first version was written by Rod Johnson, who released the framework with the publication of his book ''Expert One-on-One J2EE Design and Development'' in October 2002. The framework was first released under the Apache 2.0 license in June 2003. The first production release, 1.0, was released in March 2004. The Spring 1.2.6 framework won a Jolt productivity award and a JAX Innovation Award in 2006. Spring 2.0 was released in October 2006, Spring 2.5 in N ...
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Spring Boot
Spring Boot is an open-source Java framework used for programming standalone, production-grade Spring-based applications with a bundle of libraries that make project startup and management easier. Spring Boot is a convention-over-configuration extension for the Spring Java platform intended to help minimize configuration concerns while creating Spring-based applications. The application can still be adjusted for specific needs, but the initial Spring Boot project provides a preconfigured "opinionated view" of the best configuration to use with the Spring platform and selected third-party libraries. Spring Boot can be used to build microservices, web applications, and console applications. Features * Embedded Tomcat, Jetty or Undertow web application server. * Provides opinionated 'starter' Project Object Models (POMs) for the build tool. The only build tools supported are Maven and Gradle. * Automatic configuration of the Spring Application. * Provides production-ready func ...
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Vert
Vert or Verts may refer to: * Vert (heraldry), the colour green in heraldry * Vert (music producer) (born 1972), pseudonym of Adam Butler, an English music producer * Vert (river), in southern France * Vert (sport), a competition in extreme versions of BMX, snowboarding etc., held on a vert ramp * Vert, Landes, a commune in the Landes ''département'' in France * Vert, Yvelines, a commune in the Yvelines ''département'' in France * The Greens (France) ''(Les Verts)'', a political party * Lac Vert (other) or Vert Lake, the name of various lakes {{Disambiguation, geo ...
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Micronaut (framework)
Micronaut is an open source JVM-based framework for building lightweight microservices. It is designed to avoid reflection, thus reducing memory consumption and improving start times. Features which would typically be implemented at run-time are instead pre-computed at compile time In computer science, compile time (or compile-time) describes the time window during which a language's statements are converted into binary instructions for the processor to execute. The term is used as an adjective to describe concepts relat .... It was created by Graeme Rocher, who also created the Grails framework. In June 2020, Rocher co-founded the Micronaut Foundation, which aims to "advance innovation and adoption of Micronaut". Micronaut is continually developed and maintained by Object Computing Inc. References External links * Software frameworks Java virtual machine Software using the Apache license {{web-software-stub ...
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Classpath Exception
A GPL linking exception modifies the GNU General Public License (GPL) in a way that enables software projects which provide library code to be " linked to" the programs that use them, without applying the full terms of the GPL to the using program. Linking is the technical process of connecting code in a library to the using code, to produce a single executable file. It is performed either at compile time or run-time in order to produce functional machine-readable code. The Free Software Foundation states that, without applying the ''linking exception'', a program linked to GPL library code may only be distributed under a GPL-compatible license. This has not been explicitly tested in court, but linking violations have resulted in settlement. The license of the GNU Classpath project explicitly includes a statement to that effect. Many free software libraries which are distributed under the GPL use an equivalent exception, although the wording of the exception varies. Notable project ...
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Regular Expression
A regular expression (shortened as regex or regexp), sometimes referred to as rational expression, is a sequence of characters that specifies a match pattern in text. Usually such patterns are used by string-searching algorithms for "find" or "find and replace" operations on strings, or for input validation. Regular expression techniques are developed in theoretical computer science and formal language theory. The concept of regular expressions began in the 1950s, when the American mathematician Stephen Cole Kleene formalized the concept of a regular language. They came into common use with Unix text-processing utilities. Different syntaxes for writing regular expressions have existed since the 1980s, one being the POSIX standard and another, widely used, being the Perl syntax. Regular expressions are used in search engines, in search and replace dialogs of word processors and text editors, in text processing utilities such as sed and AWK, and in lexical analysis ...
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