|
Gorynychus
''Gorynychus'' is a genus of therocephalian from the mid-Permian from Kotelnich, Russia. The genus contains two species, ''G. masyutinae'' and ''G. sundyrensis''. It was named after the three-headed dragon Zmey Gorynych (Змей Горыныч) from Russian mythology. Description ''G. masyutinae'', only known from its holotype, was wolf-sized and appears to have represented the largest predator in the Kotelnich fauna. Like many theriodonts, it had strongly developed and prominent canine teeth. Paleoecology The discovery of such a large therocephalian as the apex predator of its environment coupled with the discovery of a smaller gorgonopsid, the smaller and nocturnal ''Nochnitsa ''Nochnitsa'' (rus.: ночница, literally – nightling) is a genus of gorgonopsian therapsid from the Kotelnich red beds of Permian Russia. It contains one species, ''Nochnitsa geminidens''. It the most basal known gorgonopsian and among th ...'', in the same formation indicates that a faunal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gorynychus Species
''Gorynychus'' is a genus of therocephalian from the mid-Permian from Kotelnich, Russia. The genus contains two species, ''G. masyutinae'' and ''G. sundyrensis''. It was named after the three-headed dragon Zmey Gorynych (Змей Горыныч) from Russian mythology. Description ''G. masyutinae'', only known from its holotype, was wolf-sized and appears to have represented the largest predator in the Kotelnich fauna. Like many theriodonts, it had strongly developed and prominent canine teeth. Paleoecology The discovery of such a large therocephalian as the apex predator of its environment coupled with the discovery of a smaller gorgonopsid, the smaller and nocturnal ''Nochnitsa ''Nochnitsa'' (rus.: ночница, literally – nightling) is a genus of gorgonopsian therapsid from the Kotelnich red beds of Permian Russia. It contains one species, ''Nochnitsa geminidens''. It the most basal known gorgonopsian and among th ...'', in the same formation indicates that a faunal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Therocephalia
Therocephalia is an extinct suborder of eutheriodont therapsids (mammals and their close relatives) from the Permian and Triassic. The therocephalians ("beast-heads") are named after their large skulls, which, along with the structure of their teeth, suggest that they were carnivores. Like other non-mammalian synapsids, therocephalians were once described as "mammal-like reptiles". Therocephalia is the group most closely related to the cynodonts, which gave rise to the mammals. This relationship takes evidence in a variety of skeletal features. The fossils of therocephalians are numerous in the Karoo of South Africa, but have also been found in Russia, China, Tanzania, Zambia, and Antarctica. Early therocephalian fossils discovered in Middle Permian deposits of South Africa support a Gondwanan origin for the group, which seems to have spread quickly across Earth. Although almost every therocephalian lineage ended during the great Permian–Triassic extinction event, a few represe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nochnitsa
''Nochnitsa'' (rus.: ночница, literally – nightling) is a genus of gorgonopsian therapsid from the Kotelnich red beds of Permian Russia. It contains one species, ''Nochnitsa geminidens''. It the most basal known gorgonopsian and among the smallest members of the clade known to date. Discovery and naming ''Nochnitsa'' is known from only one specimen, the holotype KPM 310. It was found in Vanyushonki Member of the Kotelnich red beds, along the Vyatka River in Kirov Oblast, which dates to the latest Guadalupian or early Lopingian epochs. ''Nochnitsa'' is named after the Nocnitsa, a nocturnal hag-like creature from Slavic mythology. Its name was intended as a parallel to the Gorgons, similarly hag-like creatures from Greek mythology, which are the namesake of many genera within Gorgonopsia and the clade as a whole. The name also reflects the nocturnal habits inferred for the genus. The type species name, ''N. geminidens'', means "twin tooth" and refers to one of the autapo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zmei (Russian)
A ''Zmei Gorynich'' or ''zmei'' (russian: змей; plural: ru , змеи , translit = zmei), in ''skazki'' (Russian folktales) and ''byliny'' (Russian epic poetry), is a dragon or serpent, or sometimes a human-like character with dragon-like traits. Zmei Gorynych and Tugarin Zmeyevich, two well-known ''zmei'', appear as adversaries of the bogatyri (heroes) Dobrynya Nikitich or Alyosha Popovich. Etymology The word zmei in Russian is the masculine form of ''zmeya'', a feminine noun, meaning "snake". General traits Gender The dragon in Russian folk fiction may be female, in which case she is called ''zmeya''. The tendency is for the prose folktale versions to have male dragons, and the byliny poetry to have the females. This will affect the behavior of the dragons. For instance, only the male dragons will capture or captivate a princess or a maiden as a love interest. Multiheadedness The zmei is often depicted with multiple heads, and the number of heads may be 3, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kotelnich
Kotelnich (russian: Коте́льнич; chm, Кäкшäр) is a river port town in Kirov Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Vyatka River near its confluence with the Moloma, along the route of the Trans-Siberian Railway, southwest of Kirov. Population: History The locality of Koksharov () was first mentioned in 1143 as a Mari town. In 1182, it was occupied by Russians and renamed Kotelnich, from the word ''kotel'' (now ''kotlovina''), meaning "hollow", "depression".Е. М. Поспелов. "Географические названия мира". Москва, 1998, p. 218. Town status was granted to it in 1780. It became one of the main settlements of the Vyatka Land. The city of Kotelnich is well known all over Russia and in some foreign countries due to location of ancient fossil vertebrates – Pareiasaurus. Pareiasaurus – is a large reptile with spurs in the buccal region of the skull. These animals grew to about 3 meters long and inhabited Eur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eighth of Earth's inhabitable landmass. Russia extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones and shares Borders of Russia, land boundaries with fourteen countries, more than List of countries and territories by land borders, any other country but China. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, world's ninth-most populous country and List of European countries by population, Europe's most populous country, with a population of 146 million people. The country's capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city is Moscow, the List of European cities by population within city limits, largest city entirely within E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Carolina Museum Of Natural Sciences
The North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences (NCMNS) is the largest museum of its kind in the Southeastern United States. It is the oldest established museum in North Carolina, located in Raleigh. In 2013, it had about 1.2 million visitors, and it was the state's most known museum or historic destination among visitors. The museum has six facilities on five campuses: the Nature Exploration Center and Nature Research Center on Jones Street in downtown Raleigh, the Prairie Ridge Eco station satellite facility and outdoor classroom in northwest Raleigh near William B. Umstead State Park, the former North Carolina Museum of Forestry in Whiteville, and the former Grifton Nature & Science Center in Grifton. In 2020 the newest facility, the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences at Greenville, was announced and opened to the public on September 18th, 2021. NCMNS is a division of the state Department of Natural and Cultural Resources. History The North Carolina State Museum was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holotype
A holotype is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism, known to have been used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described. It is either the single such physical example (or illustration) or one of several examples, but explicitly designated as the holotype. Under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), a holotype is one of several kinds of name-bearing types. In the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) and ICZN, the definitions of types are similar in intent but not identical in terminology or underlying concept. For example, the holotype for the butterfly '' Plebejus idas longinus'' is a preserved specimen of that subspecies, held by the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University. In botany, an isotype is a duplicate of the holotype, where holotype and isotypes are often pieces from the same individual plant or samples from the same gathering. A holotype is not necessarily "typ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canine Teeth
In mammalian oral anatomy, the canine teeth, also called cuspids, dog teeth, or (in the context of the upper jaw) fangs, eye teeth, vampire teeth, or vampire fangs, are the relatively long, pointed teeth. They can appear more flattened however, causing them to resemble incisors and leading them to be called ''incisiform''. They developed and are used primarily for firmly holding food in order to tear it apart, and occasionally as weapons. They are often the largest teeth in a mammal's mouth. Individuals of most species that develop them normally have four, two in the upper jaw and two in the lower, separated within each jaw by incisors; humans and dogs are examples. In most species, canines are the anterior-most teeth in the maxillary bone. The four canines in humans are the two maxillary canines and the two mandibular canines. Details There are generally four canine teeth: two in the upper (maxillary) and two in the lower (mandibular) arch. A canine is placed laterally t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fossil Taxa Described In 2018
A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved in amber, hair, petrified wood and DNA remnants. The totality of fossils is known as the ''fossil record''. Paleontology is the study of fossils: their age, method of formation, and evolutionary significance. Specimens are usually considered to be fossils if they are over 10,000 years old. The oldest fossils are around 3.48 billion years old to 4.1 billion years old. Early edition, published online before print. The observation in the 19th century that certain fossils were associated with certain rock strata led to the recognition of a geological timescale and the relative ages of different fossils. The development of radiometric dating techniques in the early 20th century allowed scientists to quantitatively measure the abso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Permian Animals
The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.9 Mya. It is the last period of the Paleozoic Era; the following Triassic Period belongs to the Mesozoic Era. The concept of the Permian was introduced in 1841 by geologist Sir Roderick Murchison, who named it after the region of Perm in Russia. The Permian witnessed the diversification of the two groups of amniotes, the synapsids and the sauropsids (reptiles). The world at the time was dominated by the supercontinent Pangaea, which had formed due to the collision of Euramerica and Gondwana during the Carboniferous. Pangaea was surrounded by the superocean Panthalassa. The Carboniferous rainforest collapse left behind vast regions of desert within the continental interior. Amniotes, which could better cope with these drier conditions, rose to dominance in place of their amphibian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
