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Gonyleptoidea
Gonyleptoidea is the most diverse superfamily of the Grassatores. It includes around 2,500 species distributed in the tropics. They are characterized by the simplified male genitalia, with the glans free subapical in the truncus. Gonyleptoidea is the only group of harvestmen to show maternal care of offspring. Families * Agoristenidae Šilhavý, 1973 * Cosmetidae Koch, 1839 * Cranaidae Roewer, 1913 * Cryptogeobiiidae Kury, 2014 * Gerdesiidae Bragagnolo, Hara & Pinto-da-Rocha, 2015 *Gonyleptidae Sundevall, 1833 * Manaosbiidae Roewer, 1943 * Metasarcidae Kury, 1994 * Otilioleptidae Acosta, 2019 *Stygnidae The Stygnidae are a family of neotropical harvestmen within the suborder Laniatores. Name The name of the type genus is derived from Ancient Greek ''stygnos'' "diabolic being". (2007): Stygnidae Simon, 1879. In: Pinto-da-Rocha ''et al.'' 2007: 2 ... Simon, 1879 The following families were transferred to superfamily Assamioidea: * Assamiidae Sørensen, 1884 * Stygnopsida ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agoristenidae
Agoristenidae are a neotropical harvestman family of the Suborder Laniatores, in the superfamily Gonyleptoidea. Name The name of the type genus is a combination of Ancient Greek ''agora'' "gathering" and ''stenos'' "few", referring to the rarity of the family at the time of its discovery. (2007): Agoristenidae Šilhavý, 1973. In: Pinto-da-Rocha ''et al.'' 2007: 171ff Description These harvestmen range in body length from two to about five millimeters. Their coloring ranges from yellowish to dark brown. Some show yellow stripes or white or green patches. Distribution The subfamily Agoristeninae is endemic to the Greater Antilles. The other subfamilies have been found from northern South America. Relationships Zamorinae are the basal clade, with Agoristeninae and Leiosteninae as sister groups. Agoristeninae is sister group to all Gonyleptoidea except Stygnopsidae. (after Kury 1997b, 1997c) Species Agoristeninae * '' Agoristenus'' Silhavy, 1973 ** '' Agoristenus cubanus'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stygnopsidae
The Stygnopsidae are a small family of harvestmen, with almost all species found in Mexico. Name The name of the type genus ''Stygnopsis'' is combined from the genus '' Stygnus'' (Stygnidae) and Ancient Greek ''opsis'', "looks like". (2007): Stygnopsidae. Sørensen, 1932. In: Pinto-da-Rocha ''et al.'' 2007: 232ff Description The body length of these harvestmen ranges from 2.5 (''Karos'') to 7 mm (''Hoplobunus''). Their color ranges from dark brown to black, with much lighter appendages. Cave-dwelling species are pale light brown. Distribution As in other Laniatores, most species have narrow distributions. Almost all species occur in Mexico, with some found in the southern USA (''Hoplobunus''), and Guatemala, El Salvador and Belize (''Paramitraceras''). Relationships Epedanidae could be the sister group to Gonyleptoidea ''sensu lato'' (including the Assamiidae), with the Stygnopsidae the sister group to the rest of Gonyleptoidea. Although they reach into the Nearctic, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otilioleptidae
Otilioleptidae is a monotypic harvestmen family, placed within Gonyleptoidea. It contains a single genus, ''Otilioleptes'', and a single species, ''Otilioleptes marcelae'' . This harvestman is a troglobite, to date only found in the lava tube known as "Doña Otilia", Payunia region, Mendoza province, Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th .... References {{Taxonbar, from=Q85791362 Harvestman families Monogeneric arthropod families Harvestmen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harvestmen
The Opiliones (formerly Phalangida) are an order of arachnids colloquially known as harvestmen, harvesters, harvest spiders, or daddy longlegs. , over 6,650 species of harvestmen have been discovered worldwide, although the total number of extant species may exceed 10,000. The order Opiliones includes five suborders: Cyphophthalmi, Eupnoi, Dyspnoi, Laniatores, and Tetrophthalmi, which were named in 2014. Representatives of each extant suborder can be found on all continents except Antarctica. Well-preserved fossils have been found in the 400-million-year-old Rhynie cherts of Scotland, and 305-million-year-old rocks in France. These fossils look surprisingly modern, indicating that their basic body shape developed very early on, and, at least in some taxa, has changed little since that time. Their phylogenetic position within the Arachnida is disputed; their closest relatives may be the mites (Acari) or the Novogenuata (the Scorpiones, Pseudoscorpiones, and Solifugae). Altho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stygnidae
The Stygnidae are a family of neotropical harvestmen within the suborder Laniatores. Name The name of the type genus is derived from Ancient Greek ''stygnos'' "diabolic being". (2007): Stygnidae Simon, 1879. In: Pinto-da-Rocha ''et al.'' 2007: 226ff Description Body length ranges from about one to six millimeters. The color ranges from light brown to reddish. Some Heterostygninae have white patches, stripes or spots on the dorsal scutum. Distribution The Heterostygninae are found in the Lesser Antilles, Nomoclastinae are endemic to Colombia, and the Stygninae live from north of the Tropic of Capricorn (central South America). Most species live in the Amazonian rainforest. However, half the species have only been collected once, so distribution of species is poorly known. Relationships The Stygnidae are sister to Cosmetidae and Gonyleptidae, and belong to the same group inside Gonyleptoidea as these and Cranaidae and Manaosbiidae. The Stygnidae are monophyletic. Genera See t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manaosbiidae
The Manaosbiidae are a family of neotropical harvestmen within the suborder Laniatores. Name The name of the type genus is combined from Manaus and Ancient Greek ''bios'' "living". (2007): Manaosbiidae. Roewer, 1943. In: Pinto-da-Rocha ''et al.'' 2007: 210ff Description Body length ranges from about three to ten millimeters. Most species are dark brown with black mottling. Appendages are in general much lighter, often with dark rings. Distribution The Manaosbiidae occur south from Panama, with a southern limit in Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil). They inhabit lowland Amazonian rainforest up to submontane Andean forests, dry forests in Central America, and riparian forests in Brazil. Relationships The relationship of Manaosbiidae with other families within the Gonyleptoidea is unclear. Species Manaosbiinae * '' Azulamus'' Roewer, 1957 :* '' Azulamus scabrissimus'' Roewer, 1957 – Peru * '' Barrona'' Goodnight & Goodnight, 1942 :* '' Barrona williamsi'' Goodnight & Goodnight, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Assamiidae
Assamiidae are a family of harvestmen with more than 400 described species. It is the third most diverse family of the suborder Laniatores. Name The family name is derived from the Indian province Assam, where the type species of the type genus ('' Assamia westermanni'') was collected. (2007): Assamiidae Sørensen, 1884. In: Pinto-da-Rocha ''et al.'' 2007: 173ff Description These harvestmen range in body length from two to eight millimeters. The length of their legs ranges from four to forty millimeters, though they are usually long. Assamiidae are usually reddish brown to yellow with black mottling and reticulation. Some species have white drawings on the dorsal scutum. Distribution Assamiidae only occur in the Old World, and are completely absent from Madagascar and Europe, with most species found in Africa and southern Asia. Although they are also not found on the Pacific islands, the subfamily Dampetrinae has radiated in Australia, New Guinea, and somewhat in Indonesia. Su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cranaidae
The Cranaidae are a family of neotropical harvestmen within the suborder Laniatores. Name The name of the type genus is derived from Cranaus, the successor of Cecrops I as king of Attica in Greek mythology. (2007): Cranaidae Roewer, 1913. In: Pinto-da-Rocha ''et al.'' 2007: 185ff Description Body length ranges from about six to sixteen millimeters. The color normally ranges from brown to black greenish, with the legs sometimes lighter to yellowish. Some species feature white stripes on some regions. Distribution Most species are found in northern South America, with few species found in Panama and Costa Rica. The diversity of the family is probably explained by the diversity of habitats in the cloud forests of Ecuador and Colombia, ranging from elevations of 500 to 3,500 m. Some species were even collected from elevations as high as 5,000 meters. Relationships The four subfamilies constituting the Cranaidae were transferred from Gonyleptidae by Kury (1994), erecting it as a sis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grassatores
The Grassatores are the most diverse infraorder of the Laniatores. It includes over 3,500 species distributed mainly in the tropicsKury, A.B.(2003). Annotated catalogue of the Laniatores of the New World (Arachnida, Opiliones). '' Revista Ibérica de Aracnología'', vol. especial monográfico 1: 1-337. They are characterized by the male genitalia without musculature, operated by hydraulic pressure and by the double tarsal claws of posterior legs. Superfamilies * Assamioidea Sørensen, 1886 * Phalangodoidea Simon, 1879 * Samooidea Samooidea is a large superfamily in the Grassatores group of harvestmen. It includes around 380 species distributed throughout the tropics. They are characterized by the complex male genitalia, with eversible complementary sclerites. The Samooid ... Sørensen, 1886 * Zalmoxoidea Sørensen, 1886 * Gonyleptoidea Sundevall, 1833 References External linksClassification of OpilionesA synoptic taxonomic arrangement of the order Opiliones, down to f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Journal Of Arachnology
The American Arachnological Society (AAS) is a scientific organization founded in 1972 in order to promote the study of arachnids by seeking to achieve closer cooperation and understanding between amateur and professional arachnologists along with publication of the ''Journal of Arachnology.'' The society holds annual meetings around the United States and membership is open to all individuals who share the common objectives held by the society. Journal The AAS publishes the ''Journal of Arachnology''. Selected publications * See also * International Society of Arachnology The International Society of Arachnology (ISA) promotes the study of arachnids and the exchange of information among researchers in this field. It acts as an umbrella organisation for regional societies and individuals interested in spiders, and ... References External links AAS Constitution {{authority control Arachnological societies Environmental organizations based in Rhode Island Zoology organi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Offspring
In biology, offspring are the young creation of living organisms, produced either by a single organism or, in the case of sexual reproduction, two organisms. Collective offspring may be known as a brood or progeny in a more general way. This can refer to a set of simultaneous offspring, such as the chicks hatched from one clutch of eggs, or to all the offspring, as with the honeybee. Human offspring ( descendants) are referred to as children (without reference to age, thus one can refer to a parent's " minor children" or " adult children" or " infant children" or " teenage children" depending on their age); male children are sons and female children are daughters (see kinship). Offspring can occur after mating or after artificial insemination. Offspring contains many parts and properties that are precise and accurate in what they consist of, and what they define. As the offspring of a new species, also known as a child or f1 generation, consist of genes of the father and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cosmetidae
Cosmetidae is a family of harvestmen in the suborder Laniatores. With over 700 species, it is one of the largest families in Opiliones. They are distributed from Argentina to the southern USA with the highest diversity in northern South America, Central America and Mexico. This Nearctic-Neotropical family comprises Opiliones with elaborate white/yellow/green/orange/red stripes and spots on the dorsal scutum and peculiar pedipalps strongly compressed and applied on the chelicerae. Name The family name is derived from the type genus ''Cosmetus'', which is from the Greek language, Greek ''kosmetós'' 'ornate'. Differential external anatomy * Eye mound is very low, saddle shaped, placed on middle of cephalothorax, each ocular globe bears a crest of small pointed tubercles or is smooth. Ozopores slit-like, one opening partially covered by tubercle of coxa II. Scutal areas are often indistinct; sometimes the sulci can be distinguished by color pattern or absence of tubercles; scutum a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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