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Gonnema
Gonnema was a Khoekhoe chieftain of the Cochoqua people in 17th century South Africa. He was the primary antagonist of the Dutch East India Company in the Second Khoikhoi–Dutch War. Despite the Company's opposition to war with the Khoekhoe, individual soldiers aroused the ire of the Cochoqua by looting their cattle. By the early 1670s, Gonnema and his people were sufficiently incensed to take up arms.Wilmot, Alexander; ''History of the Colony of the Cape of Good Hope: From its discovery to the year 1819''; Longmans, 1869 In 1673, Gonnema murdered a hunting party of eight burghers.Theal, George McCall; ''History and Ethnography of Africa South of the Zambesi, from the Settlement of the Portuguese at Sofala in September 1505 to the Conquest of the Cape Colony by the British in September 1795'', Cambridge University Press, 2 Dec 2010 p484 A commando (militia) unit led by Ensign Hieronymous Cruse was sent against him,Moodie, D; ''The Record: Or, a Series of Official Papers Relative ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khoikhoi–Dutch Wars
The Khoikhoi–Dutch Wars were a series of conflicts that took place in the last half of the 17th century in what was known then as the Cape of Good Hope (today it refers to a smaller geographic spot), in the area of present-day Cape Town, South Africa, between Dutch colonizers who came from the Netherlands and the local African people, the indigenous Khoikhoi, who had lived in that part of the world for millennia. The arrival of the permanent settlements of Europeans, under the Dutch East India Company, at the Cape of Good Hope in 1652 brought them into the land of the local people, such as the Khoikhoi (called Hottentots by the Dutch), and the Bushmen (also known as the San), collectively referred to as the Khoisan. While the Dutch traded with the Khoikhoi, serious disputes broke out over land ownership and livestock. This resulted in attacks and counter-attacks by both sides which were known as the Khoikhoi–Dutch Wars that ended in the eventual defeat of the Khoikhoi. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hieronymous Cruse
Hieronymous Cruse (Jeronimus Croase) (died 20 June 1687) was a soldier and explorer for the Dutch East India Company in South Africa. Background During the early years of the East India Company's presence in South Africa, the interior of the country remained largely unexplored. Cruse was one of a number of explorers tasked with discovering routes through the interior and gathering intelligence on local tribes. Cruse reportedly excelled at compiling information on the indigenous peoples. Early expeditions His earliest expedition in South Africa was in 1663, when he took part in an unsuccessful expedition to interior under Jonas de la Guerre in an attempt to find an overland route to the Orange River.McCall Theal, George; ''History and Ethnography of Africa South of the Zambesi, from the Settlement of the Portuguese at Sofala in September 1505 to the Conquest of the Cape Colony by the British in September 1795'', Cambridge University Press, 2010, Cruse was the first to discover a ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khoekhoe
Khoekhoen (singular Khoekhoe) (or Khoikhoi in the former orthography; formerly also '' Hottentots''"Hottentot, n. and adj." ''OED Online'', Oxford University Press, March 2018, www.oed.com/view/Entry/88829. Accessed 13 May 2018. Citing G. S. Nienaber, 'The origin of the name “Hottentot” ', ''African Studies'', 22:2 (1963), 65-90, . See also . ) are the traditionally nomadic pastoralist indigenous population of southwestern Africa. They are often grouped with the hunter-gatherer San (literally "Foragers") peoples. The designation "Khoekhoe" is actually a ''kare'' or praise address, not an ethnic endonym, but it has been used in the literature as an ethnic term for Khoe-speaking peoples of Southern Africa, particularly pastoralist groups, such as the !Ora, !Gona, Nama, Xiri and ǂNūkhoe nations. While the presence of Khoekhoen in Southern Africa predates the Bantu expansion, according to a scientific theory based mainly on linguistic evidence, it is not clear whe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe; and to the east and northeast by Mozambique and Eswatini. It also completely enclaves the country Lesotho. It is the southernmost country on the mainland of the Old World, and the second-most populous country located entirely south of the equator, after Tanzania. South Africa is a biodiversity hotspot, with unique biomes, plant and animal life. With over 60 million people, the country is the world's 24th-most populous nation and covers an area of . South Africa has three capital cities, with the executive, judicial and legislative branches of government based in Pretoria, Bloemfontein, and Cape Town respectively. The largest city is Johannesburg. About 80% of the population are Black South Afri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dutch East India Company
The United East India Company ( nl, Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, the VOC) was a chartered company established on the 20th March 1602 by the States General of the Netherlands amalgamating existing companies into the first joint-stock company in the world, granting it a 21-year monopoly to carry out trade activities in Asia. Shares in the company could be bought by any resident of the United Provinces and then subsequently bought and sold in open-air secondary markets (one of which became the Amsterdam Stock Exchange). It is sometimes considered to have been the first multinational corporation. It was a powerful company, possessing quasi-governmental powers, including the ability to wage war, imprison and execute convicts, negotiate treaties, strike its own coins, and establish colonies. They are also known for their international slave trade. Statistically, the VOC eclipsed all of its rivals in the Asia trade. Between 1602 and 1796 the VOC sent almost a million Eur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge. Granted letters patent by Henry VIII of England, King Henry VIII in 1534, it is the oldest university press A university press is an academic publishing house specializing in monographs and scholarly journals. Most are nonprofit organizations and an integral component of a large research university. They publish work that has been reviewed by schola ... in the world. It is also the King's Printer. Cambridge University Press is a department of the University of Cambridge and is both an academic and educational publisher. It became part of Cambridge University Press & Assessment, following a merger with Cambridge Assessment in 2021. With a global sales presence, publishing hubs, and offices in more than 40 Country, countries, it publishes over 50,000 titles by authors from over 100 countries. Its publishing includes more than 380 academic journals, monographs, reference works, school and uni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kraal
Kraal (also spelled ''craal'' or ''kraul'') is an Afrikaans and Dutch word, also used in South African English, for an enclosure for cattle or other livestock, located within a Southern African settlement or village surrounded by a fence of thorn-bush branches, a palisade, mud wall, or other fencing, roughly circular in form. It is similar to a '' boma'' in eastern or central Africa. In Curaçao, another Dutch colony, the enclosure was called "koraal" which in Papiamentu is translated "kura" (still in use today for any enclosed terrain, like a garden). Etymology In the Afrikaans language a ''kraal'' is a term derived from the Portuguese word , cognate with the Spanish-language , which entered into English separately. In Eastern and Central Africa, the equivalent word for a livestock enclosure is '' boma'', but this has taken on wider meanings. In some Southern African regions, the term Kraal is used in Scouting to refer to the team of Scout Leaders of a group. Homestead Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saldanha Bay
Saldanha Bay ( af, Saldanhabaai) is a natural harbour on the south-western coast of South Africa. The town that developed on the northern shore of the bay, also called Saldanha, was incorporated with five other towns into the Saldanha Bay Local Municipality in 2000. The current population of the municipality is estimated at 72,000. The place is mentioned in the first edition of John Locke's ''Two Treatises of Government'' as an example of the state of nature.''Second Treatise'', sec. 14. Locke replaced the reference to "Soldania" with a story told by Garcilaso de la Vega about a desert island in subsequent editions (Peter Laslett, ed., ''Two Treatises of Government'', by John Locke, student edition ew York: Cambridge University Press, 1988 277n). Saldanha Bay's location makes it a paradise for the watersport enthusiast, and its local economy being strongly dependent on fishing, mussels, seafood processing, the steel industry and the harbour. Furthermore, its sheltered harbour pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Academica Press
Academica Press is a scholarly and trade publisher of non-fiction, particularly research in the social sciences, humanities, education, law, public policy, international relations, and other disciplines. Founded by Robert Redfern-West and managed by him in the United States until 2017, it is now operated by a privately owned limited liability corporation and internationally focused. Its President and Publisher is the historian and critic Paul du Quenoy. In addition to its main list of publications, Academica publishes several imprints in subject areas of special interest, including St. James's Studies in World Affairs, W. B. Sheridan Law Books, Bethesda Scientific, and an Irish studies series under the imprint of Maunsel, the original publisher of James Joyce and William Butler Yeats. Recent Academica authors include: * James Allan, Australian legal scholar, Garrick Professor of Law at the University of Queensland * Robert Ayres, American physicist, economist, and Shakespeare sch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tygerberg
Tygerberg is a district in the northern suburbs of Cape Town in South Africa. It is also the name of the range of hills in the area. The main Tygerberg farms were Pampoenkraal (became Durbanville), Stellenburgh (became part of Bellville), Evertsdal (today Bellville), De Grendel (today Parow), Lebenstijn (part of Bellville), Blommensteijn (incorporated into Bellville), Door de Kraal (incorporated into Bellville), Vissershok (which has no more farming as it became a quarry with mining activities) and Clara Anna Fontein. It also contains the Tygerberg Nature Reserve. Tygerberg is host to the Tygerberg Hospital. The hospital is the centre for the Medicine and Health Sciences faculty of Stellenbosch University. (Afrikaans: Universiteit Stellenbosch)http://www.sun.ac.za/english/ Web page for Stellenbosch University (English) The Parow satellite campus of the German International School Cape Town, in proximity to Tygerberg, serves German-speaking students up to grade 4. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khoikhoi
Khoekhoen (singular Khoekhoe) (or Khoikhoi in the former orthography; formerly also ''Hottentot (racial term), Hottentots''"Hottentot, n. and adj." ''OED Online'', Oxford University Press, March 2018, www.oed.com/view/Entry/88829. Accessed 13 May 2018. Citing G. S. Nienaber, 'The origin of the name “Hottentot” ', ''African Studies'', 22:2 (1963), 65-90, . See also . ) are the traditionally Nomad, nomadic pastoralist Indigenous peoples of Africa, indigenous population of southwestern Africa. They are often grouped with the hunter-gatherer San people, San (literally "Foragers") peoples. The designation "Khoekhoe" is actually a ''kare'' or praise address, not an ethnic endonym, but it has been used in the literature as an ethnic term for Khoe–Kwadi languages, Khoe-speaking peoples of Southern Africa, particularly pastoralist groups, such as the Griqua people, !Ora, !Gona, Nama people, Nama, Khoemana, Xiri and Damara people, ǂNūkhoe nations. While the presence of Kho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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